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Anatomy & Physiology > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Production of new glucose

gluco - glucose
neo - new
genesis - production of

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2
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of gall bladder

chole - gall bladder
it is - inflammation of

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3
Q

Hypoxaemia

A

Low oxygen levels in the blood

hypo - low
ox - o2
aemia - blood

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4
Q

Hypoxia

A

Low oxygen levels

hypo - low
ox - o2

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5
Q

Dyspnoea

A

Difficulty breathing

dys = difficulty
pnoea = air/breathing
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6
Q

Haematemesis

A

vomiting blood

haem - blood
emesis - vomiting

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7
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the pleural cavity

pneumo - air
thorax - cavity

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8
Q

myocardial infarction

A

death of the heart muscle tissue

myo - muscle
cardial - heart
infarct - death

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9
Q

hypoglycaemia

A

low blood sugar/glucose

hypo - low
gly - glucose
aemia - blood

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10
Q

tachycardia

A

fast heart rate

tachy - fast
cardia - heart

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11
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

a clot and inflammation of the vein

thrombo - clot
phleb - vein
it is - inflammation of

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12
Q

hyperventilation

A

high ventilation rate

hyper - high
ventilation - breathing

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13
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

deficiency of platelets/thrombocytes in the blood

thrombo - clot
cyto - cell
penia - deficiency

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14
Q

haemothorax

A

blood in the lungs/chest

haem - blood
thorax - chest

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15
Q

retrosternal

A

behind the sternum

retro - behind
sternal - sternum

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16
Q

homeostasis

A

A stable equilibrium

homeo - similar
stasis - state

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17
Q

ataxic

A

lack of coordination

a - absence of
taxia - order/coordination

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18
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlargement of the liver

hepato - liver
megaly - enlargement

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19
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness in half the body

hemi - half
paresis - weakness

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20
Q

retinopathy

A

disease of the retina

retino - retina
pathy - disease

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21
Q

colonoscopy

A

camera inserting into the colon

colon - colon
oscopy - viewing of

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22
Q

polymyalgia

A

a condition causing systemic pain

poly - many
my - muscle
algia - pain

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23
Q

haematuria

A

blood in the urine

haema - blood
uria - urine

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24
Q

rhinorrhoea

A

discharge from the nose

rhino - nose
orrhoea - discharge/flow

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25
neuralgia
nerve pain neur/neuro - nerve algia - pain
26
arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries arterio - arteries sclerosis - hardening
27
cyanosis
blue tinge to the skin cyan - blue osis - denoting a process or condition
28
endocardium
the inner lining of the heart endo - inner cardium - heart
29
dermatology
the study of the skin derma - skin ology - study
30
bradypnoeic
slow breathing rate brady - slow pnoeic - air/breath
31
ischaemia
inadequate/restriction of blood supply to tissues
32
aneurism
a bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the blood vessel wall
33
prophylaxis
treatment given to prevent disease
34
angina
chest pain caused by inadequate blood perfusion to cardiac tissue
35
thrombolysis
treatment of dangerous clots in the blood vessels, disintegration of thrombi
36
ventricular remodelling
refers to the changes in size, structure, shape, and function of the heart
37
percutaneous
done through the skin
38
ppci/coronary intervention/angioplasty
treatment used for angina (the narrowing of arteries)
39
coronary stenting
insertion of catheter with stent attached inflation of balloon and thus stent balloon/catheter removed
40
aetiology
causes or origin of a disease the reason for an illness
41
cytokine storm
a severe immune reaction where the body releases a surplus of cytokines into the blood stream too quickly essentially a dangerously uncontrolled immune response often occurs in AI diseases
42
ablation
destruction of electrical pathways by vaporisation
43
artifact
misrepresentations of tissue structures produced by imaging techniques
44
eupnoea
normal, quiet breathing
45
apnoea
absence of breathing
46
dyspnoea
difficult, laboured breathing
47
tachypnoea
rapid resps
48
hyperpnoea
deep inhalations
49
orthopnoea
laboured breathing when lying flat
50
hypoventilation
inadequate inflation of lungs
51
hyperventilation
over inflation of the lungs
52
paradoxical breathing
seen in flail chest when attempts to inhale causes collapse of a portion of the chest
53
flail chest
two or more continuous fractures
54
cheyne-stokes respirations
rhythmic waxing and waning of breathing during periods of apnoea (absence of breathing)
55
negative feedback
a mechanism that restricts deviation from the set point, reduces an undesirable response
56
positive feedback
intensifies/enhances the original stimulus to reach a desired outcome
57
pinocytosis
cell drinking
58
coning
herniation (abnormal protrusion of tissue) of the brain through the foramen magnum (the whole where the spinal cord meets the brain)
59
aortic dissection
a serious tear in the aorta artery
60
SCAD - spontaneous coronary artery dissection
a tear in the cardiac tissue this can prevent blood flow to the heart and cause an MI
61
pulmonary embolism
a blood clot that forms in the vessels and travels to the lung artery
62
cardiomyopathy
a general term for heart diseases | usually caused by thickened/stiffened/stretched heart chambers
63
pericardial tamponade
compression of the heart by an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac usually caused by penetration of the cardiac tissue
64
myxoma
a noncancerous tumour that arises from connective tissue
65
SVCS - superior vena cava syndrome
a group of problems that arise when blood flow through the inferior vena cava is slowed down causes: oedematous head and neck, swelling of arms and torso, cyanotic appearance of skin, appearance of collateralised (inadequate vessels) chest wall veins
66
Proprioception
ones awareness of surroundings
67
Somatic
distant from the mind
68
catecholamines
blanket term for sympathetic neurotransmitters
69
cholinergics
blanket term for parasympathetic neurotransmitters
70
nerve fibre
general term for any neuronal process
71
nerve
a bundle of many nerve fibres that course along the same path in the PNS
72
hematoma
bad bruise, caused by trauma that causes blood to pool/collect
73
ganglion
a cluster of nerve cell bodies
74
plexus
an extensive network of axons located outside the CNS
75
tract
a bundle of nerve fibres without connective tissue, found in the CNS THINK OF LARGER CABLE WITH SMALL CABLES INSIDE usually interconnect the brain and spinal cord
76
neuroglia
supportive and connective tissue within the nervous system
77
ataxia
a blanket term for disorders that affect coordination, balance, and speech
78
ataxic
the presence of abnormal, uncoordinated movements
79
epistaxis
bleeding from the nose
80
titrate
to adjust according to patient response a continuous measurement and adjustment based on physiological response
81
DKA
diabetic ketoacidosis a chain reaction caused from hypoglycaemia excess ketones are released into the bloodstream causing dehydration, potassium imbalance and acidosis
82
acidosis
when the body has too much acid in the bloodstream
83
cheyne strokes
a breathing pattern that involves a period of fast, shallow breathing followed by slow, heavier breathing, and apnoea's
84
apnoea
period of no breathing
85
the BTS (british thoracic society)
BTS exists to improve standards of care for people who have respiratory diseases and to support and develop those who provide that care
86
bariatrics
the branch of medicine concerned with the prevention, management, and treatment of obesity
87
sputum
a mixture of saliva and mucous
88
trismus
restriction to the range of motion of the jaw
89
fever
any deviation from normal set point temperature
90
pheochromocytoma
A pheochromocytoma (fee-o-kroe-moe-sy-TOE-muh) is a rare, usually noncancerous (benign) tumor that develops in an adrenal gland
91
benign
not harmful in effect
92
rigor
a sudden feeling of cold with shivering accompanied by a rise in temperature, often with copious sweating, especially at the onset or height of a fever
93
antipyretic
a drug used to prevent or reduce fever
94
anxiolytic
drug to reduce anxiety
95
histology
the study of the microscopic structure of tissues
96
pyrexia
fever, abnormal body temp

Anatomy & Physiology (17 decks)

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