Medical Terminology - Chapter 19 Flashcards
(165 cards)
0
Q
angi/o
A
vessel
1
Q
aden/o
A
gland
2
Q
cancer/o
A
crab, cancer
3
Q
capsul/o
A
a little box
4
Q
carcin/o
A
cancer
5
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
6
Q
chori/o
A
chorion
7
Q
cyt/o
A
cell
8
Q
dendr/o
A
tree
9
Q
duct/o
A
to lead
10
Q
fibr/o
A
fiber
11
Q
filtrat/o
A
to strain through
12
Q
gli/o
A
glue
13
Q
hem/o
A
blood
14
Q
immun/o
A
safe, immunity
15
Q
lei/o
A
smooth
16
Q
leuk/o
A
white
17
Q
lip/o
A
fat
18
Q
lymph/o
A
lymph
19
Q
malign/o
A
bad kind
20
Q
medull/o
A
marrow
21
Q
melan/o
A
black
22
Q
mening/i
A
meninges, membrane
23
Q
mucos/o
A
mucus
24
mutat/o
to change
25
my/o
muscle
26
myc/o
fungus
27
myel/o
bone marrow
28
nephr/o
kidney
29
neur/o
nerve
30
onc/o
tumor
31
oste/o
bone
32
palliat/o
cloaked
33
remiss/o
remit
34
reticul/o
net
35
retin/o
retina
36
rhabd/o
rod
37
sarc/o
flesh
38
semin/i
seed
39
stom/o
mouth
40
suppress/o
suppress
41
terat/o
monster
42
thym/o
thymus
43
tox/o
poison
44
vir/o
virus
45
xer/o
dry
46
CA
cancer
47
refers to any malignant tumor
cancer
48
ana-
up, apart, backward
49
-plasia
formation
50
astro-
start shaped
51
brachy-
short
52
-oid
resemble
53
in-
in
54
situ
place
55
en-
in
56
-ate(d)
use, action
57
-blast
immature cell
58
hyper-
excessive
59
-ive
nature of
60
-emia
blood condition
61
-plakia
plate
62
lobul
small lobe
63
-ar
pertaining to
64
situ
place
65
meta-
beyond
66
-stasis
control
67
neo-
new
68
oligo-
little, scanty
69
-ous
pertaining to
70
trism
grating
71
cancer/malignant tumor occurring in epithelial tissue
carcinoma
72
make up the great majority of all cancers
carcinomas
73
the anatomical site indicates:
where the cancer originated in the body
74
cancers that originate in connective or supportive tissue of the body such as muscles, tendons, fats, joints and bone
sarcomas
75
cancers of the blood-forming tissues
Leukemias
76
cancerous tumors of the lymph nodes
lymphomas
77
cancerous tumors arising in the hemopoietic portion of the bone marrow
myelomas
78
process of of immature cells undergoing normal changes as they mature and assume their specialized functions
differentiation
79
dr will not remove cancer (will use radiation) if cancer is close to a ______ _______ or ______ ______
lymph node or blood cell
80
fully matured cell is now being transformed into embryonic cell / going towards embryonic division (reverse of normal)
dedifferentiation
81
characteristic of most cancerous cells in which there is a loss of differentiation and an irreversible alteration in adult cells toward more embryonic cell types
anaplasia
82
process whereby cancer cells are spread from a primary site to distant secondary sites elsewhere in the body
metastasis
84
failure of immature cells to develop specialized functions
dedifferentiation
85
malignant tumor arising in a glandular organ
adenocarcinoma (Adeno-CA)
86
characteristic of most cancerous cells in which there is a loss of differentiation and an irreversible alteration in adult cells toward more embryonic cell types
anaplasia
87
tumor composed of star-shaped neuroglial cells
astrocytoma
88
megavoltage machine used in administering external radiation therapy
betatron/cyclotron/linear accelerator
89
radiation therapy in which radioactive substance is inserted into body cavity or organ. The source of radiation is located a short distance from the body area being treated
brachytherapy
90
malignant tumor, most commonly in Africa, that affects children; the characteristic symptom is a massive, swollen jaw
Burkitt's lymphoma
91
agent or substance that incites or produces cancer
carcinogen
92
tumor derived from the argentaffin cells in the intestinal tract, bile duct, pancreas, bronchus or ovary
carcinoid
93
cancerous tumor derived from cartilage cells
chondrosarcoma
94
process by which normal cells lose their specialization (differentiation) and become malignant
dedifferentiation
95
process by which normal cells have a distinct appearance and specialized function
differentiation
96
primary bone cancer occurring in pelvic area or in one of the long bones; occurs mostly in children and adolescents
Ewing's sarcoma
97
process of increasing the severity of symptoms; a time when symptoms of a disease are most prevalent
exacerbation
98
cancerous tumor arising in collagen-producing fibroblasts
fibrosarcoma
99
process of growing rapidly like a fungus
fungating
100
cancerous tumor of the brain
glioma
101
form of lymphoma that occurs in children and young adults
Hodgkin's disease (the other form of lymphoma is non-Hodgkin's)
102
HD
Hodgkin's disease
103
excessive formation and growth of normal cells
hyperplasia
104
process of preventing formation of the immune response
immunosuppression
105
enclosed within a site, refers to tumor cells that remain at a site and have not invaded adjacent tissue (localized)
in situ
106
malignant neoplasm that causes violaceous (purpolish discoloration), vascular legions and general lymphadenopathy; often seen in pts who have AIDS
Kaposi's sarcoma
107
KS
Kaposi's sarcoma
108
cancerous tumor of smooth muscle tissue
leiomyosarcoma
109
cancer of the blood characterized by overproduction of leukocytes; cancer of the blood forming tissues
leukemia
110
white, thickened patches formed on the mucous membranes of the inner cheeks, gums or tongue that tends to become cancerous
leukoplakia
111
cancerous tumor of fat cells
liposarcoma
112
pertaining to a bad wandering; refers to the spreading process of cancer from one area of the body to another
malignant
113
literally means a cancerous black mole or tumor
melanoma
114
spreading process of cancer from a primary site to a secondary.
metastasis
115
the spreading process of a malignant tumor into the adjacent normal tissue
invasive growth
116
agent that causes a change in the DNA (genetic structure) of an organism
mutagen
117
process by which the DNA (genetic structure) is changed
mutation
118
new tissue formed, such as an abnormal growth or tumor
neoplasm
119
cancerous tumor of the kidney; most often found in children 2-3 yrs of age
nephroblastoma (also called Wilm's tumor)
120
cancerous tumor composed chiefly of neuroglial cells and located in the cerebrum
oligodendroglioma
121
cancer-causing genes; genes in a virus that can induce tumor formation
oncogenes
122
pertaining to a form of treatment to relieve or alleviate symptoms without curing
palliative
123
process of lessening the severity of symptoms; time when symptoms of a disease are controlled
remission
124
cancerous tumor of the retina. Although relatively rare, it accounts for 5% of childhood blindness
retinoblastoma
125
cancerous tumor originating from the same embryonic cells that develop into striated muscles. It is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children
rhabdomyosarcoma
126
cancerous tumor arising in connective tissue
sarcoma
127
cancerous tumor of the testis
seminoma
128
radiation therapy in which the radioactive substance is at a distance from the body area being treated
teletherapy
129
cancerous tumor of the ovary or testis; can contain embryonic tissues of hair, teeth, bone or muscle
teratoma
130
pertaining to the inability to open the mouth fully; occurs in patients with oral cancer who undergo a combination of surgery and radiation therapy
trismus
131
cancerous tumor of the kidney occurring mainly in children
Wilm's tumor
132
condition of dryness of the mouth; oral change caused by radiation therapy or chemotherapy
xerostomia
133
Adeno-CA
adenocarcinoma
134
AFP
alpha-fetoprotein
135
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
136
ALL
acute lymphocytic leukemia
137
BRCA
breast cancer gene
138
BSE
breast self-examination
139
CA
cancer
140
CA-125
cancer antigen 125
141
chemo
chemotherapy
142
CLL
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
143
CT
computed tomography
144
FNA
fine needle aspiration
145
HD
Hodgkin's disease
146
KS
Kaposi's sarcoma
147
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
148
TNM
tumor, node, metastasis
149
TSE
testicular self-examination
150
the spreading process of a malignant tumor into adjacent normal tissue
invasive growth
151
Three ways that malignant cells spread to body parts
active migration, direct extension, metastasis
152
system the evaluates the spread of the tumor, uses T (tumor) N (node) and M (metastasis) to indicate spread and numbers to indicate degree
staging system
153
system that classifies malignant tumors
grading
154
process of examining lower 10 inches of large intestines
sigmoidoscopy
155
process of examining the cervix and vagina
colposcopy
156
process of examining the anus and rectum
proctoscopy
157
process of examining the abdomen
laparoscopy
158
HCG
human chorionic gonadotropin
159
five methods used in treatment of cancer
surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy
160
surgical removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic examination
biopsy
161
treatment of choice when tumor is small and localized and surrounding tissue is accessible for removal
surgery
162
treatment of choice for when cancer is disseminated (widespread) and cannot be surgically removed
chemotherapy
163
treatment of disease by the use of ionizing radiation (4 terms)
radiotherapy, X-ray therapy, cobalt treatment, radiation therapy
164
treatment of disease by stimulation of the body's immune system
immunotherapy
165
type of laser therapy, involves the use of a special chemical that is injected into the bloodstream and absorbed by cells all over the body
photodynamic therapy
