Medical Terminology - Chapter 6 Flashcards
(200 cards)
1
Q
acetabul/o
A
acetabulum (socket on outer surface of hip bone)
2
Q
acr/o
A
extremity
3
Q
ankyl/o
A
stiffening, crooked
4
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
5
Q
articl/o
A
joint
6
Q
burs/o
A
a pouch
7
Q
calcan/e
A
heel bone
8
Q
carcin/o
A
cancer
9
Q
carp/o
A
wrist
10
Q
cartilagin/o
A
cartilage
11
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
12
Q
clavicul/o
A
clavicle, collarbone
13
Q
coccyg/e
A
coccyx, tailbone
14
Q
coccyg/o
A
coccyx, tailbone
15
Q
coll/a
A
glue
16
Q
cost/o
A
rib
17
Q
crani/o
A
skull
18
Q
dactyl/o
A
finger or toe
19
Q
femor/o
A
femur
20
Q
fibul/o
A
fibula
21
Q
fixat/o
A
fastened
22
Q
humer/o
A
humerus
23
Q
ili/o
A
ilium
24
Q
isch/i
A
ischium, hip
25
kyph/o
a hump
26
lamin/o
lamina (thin plate)
27
lord/o
bending, curve, swayback
28
lumb/o
loin, lower back,
29
mandibul/o
lower jawbone
30
maxill/o
jawbone (upper)
31
menisc/i
crescent
32
myel/o
bone marrow
33
oste/o
bone
34
patell/o
kneecap
35
ped/o
foot
36
phalang/e
phalanges (finger/toe bones)
37
rach/i
spine
38
rad/i
radius
39
radi/o
x-ray
40
rheumat/o
discharge
41
sacr/o
sacrum
42
sarc/o
flesh
43
scapul/o
shoulder blade
44
scoli/o
curvature
45
spin/o
spine
46
spondyl/o
vertebra
47
stern/o
sternum, breastbone
48
tendon/o
tendon
49
tibi/o
tibia
50
tract/o
to draw
51
uln/o
ulna, elbow
52
vertebr/o
vertebra
53
xiph/o
sword
54
number of bones in human body
206
55
two main groups of bones
axial & appendicular
56
how many bones does axial group contain
80
57
how many bones does appendicular group contain
126
58
skull, spine, ribs & sternum are contained in the ________
axial group
59
shoulder girdle, arms, hands, pelvic girdle, legs and feet are contained in the _________
appendicular group
60
Metacarpals are the ____ bones
palm
61
attach muscles to bones
tendons
62
forms the major portion of the embryonic skeleton and part of the skeleton in adults
cartilage
63
fibrous connective tissue that connect bones, cartilages and other structures (binds bone to bone)
ligaments
64
serves as a place for the attachment of fascia
ligaments
65
abbreviation of ligaments
lig
66
bone forming cells
osteoblasts
67
bone forming process (as listed in textbook)
endochondral ossification
68
6 types of bone classifications
long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid, sutural
69
ribs, scapula, parts of pelvic girdle, skull bones are classified as
flat bones
70
tibia, femur, humerus, radius are classified as
long bones
71
carpals and tarsals are classified as
short bones
72
vertebrae, ossicles of the ear are classified as
irregular bones
73
patella is classified as a ______ bone
sesamoid
74
the bones between the flat bones of the skull are classified as
sutural or wormian bones
75
when in anatomical position, the radius is on the same side as the ______
thumb
76
cleid/o
clavicle
77
cartil means
gristle
78
bone formation
osteogenesis
79
process of bone formation
ossification
80
bending a body part forward
plantar flexion
81
growth plate
metaphysis
82
metaphysis or growth plate lasts until age ____ in females and ____ in males
18 (females), 21 (males)
83
cancellous is also called
spongy bone
84
space containing ostecyte (mature bone cell) is called
lacuna
85
the ends of a developing bone
epiphysis
86
the shaft of a long bone
diaphysis
87
fibrous vascular membrane that forms the covering of bones
periosteum
88
dense, hard layer of bone tissue
compact bone
89
narrow space or cavity throughout the length of the diaphysis
medullary canal
90
tough, connective tissue lining the medullary canal
endosteum
91
reticular network that makes up most of the volume of bone
cancellous or spongy bone
92
once growth is completed and an individual reaches full maturity, the epiphyseal plate becomes the
epiphyseal line
93
Olecran/o
elbow
94
rounded projection that enters into the formation of a joint, articulation
condyle
95
opening in the bone for blood vessels, ligaments and nerves
foramen
96
air cavity within certain bones
sinus
97
either of the two bony projections below the neck of the femur
trochanter
98
an articulation, a place where two or more bones connect
joint (jt)
99
joint classification: does not permit movement. Bones are in close contact but there is no joint cavity
synarthrosis (fibrous)
100
joint classification: permits very slight movement
amphiarthrosis (cartilaginous)
101
joint classification: allows free movement in variety of directions
diarthrosis (synovial)
102
example of synarthrotic (fibrous) joint
cranial suture
103
example of amphiarthrotic (cartilaginous) joint
vertebra
104
examples of diarthrotic (synovial) joint
knee, hip, elbow, wrist, foot
105
bending a limb
flexion
106
straightening a flexed limb
extension
107
moving a body part away from the middle
abduction
108
moving a body part toward the middle
adduction
109
lying prone (face downward) also, turning palm downward
pronation
110
lying supine (face upward) also turning palm or foot upward
supination
111
the 4 spinal curves (in order from cranium down)
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral
112
the pelvis forms a basin bound anteriorly and laterally by the ______ and posteriorly by the _______ & _______
hip bones, sacrum & coccyx
113
male pelvis is shaped like a
funnel
114
female pelvis is shaped like a
basin
115
gynec/o
female
116
Fx
fracture
117
Fx that does not involve a break in the skin
closed, simple
118
Fx that projects through the skin
open, compound
119
Fx, only one side of the shaft is broken and the other is bent
greenstick
120
break in the distal portion of the radius
Colles'
121
break that occurs at the ankle and affects both bones of the lower leg
Pott's
122
ANA
antinuclear antibodies
123
BMD
bone mineral density (test)
124
Ca
calcium
125
DJD
degenerative joint disease
126
JRA
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
127
jt
joint
128
KJ
knee jerk
129
NSAIDs
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
130
OA
osteoarthritis
131
PWB
partial weight bearing
132
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
133
ROM
range of motion
134
TMJ
temporomandibular joint
135
Tx
traction
136
diagnostic examination of a joint (usually knee), injecting air & radiopaque contrast medium, x-ray taken to view injuries of meniscus, cartilage and ligaments
arthrography
137
examination usually done after arthrography and before joint surgery
arthroscopy
138
measurement of joint movements
goniometry
139
process of recording heat patterns of body's surface (can be used to investigate pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis)
thermography
140
used to measure bone mass or bone mineral density
bone mineral density test (BMD)
141
machine used to measure density in finger, wrist, kneecap, shinbone and heel
peripheral machine
142
machine used to measure density in hip, spine and total body
central machines
143
test used for gout, arthritis, multiple myeloma, and rheumatism
uric acid blood test
144
abnormal condition of stiffening of a joint
ankylosis
145
joint pain
arthralgia
146
-centesis
surgical puncture
147
surgical procedure to remove joint fluid (as diagnostic tool or part of treatment regimen)
arthrocentesis
148
surgical instrument used to examine interior of a joint
arthroscope
149
inflammation of a bursa
bursitis
150
-omion
shoulder
151
-um
structure, tissue
152
-plasia
formation
153
-plasty
surgical repair
154
pertaining to heel bone
calcaneal
155
pertaining to wrist bones
carpal
156
there are ____ rows of _____ bones in the wrist
2 rows of 4 bones
157
-dynia
pain
158
-ive
nature of
159
-gram
mark, record
160
locat
to place
161
meta-
beyond
162
-us
pertaining to, structure
163
-blast
immature cell, germ cell
164
-malacia
softening
165
-penia
deficiency
166
por
a passage
167
phos
light
168
phor
carrying
169
spondyl
vertebra
170
lowest portion of the sternum (literally means resembling a sword)
xiphoid
171
process of drawing or pulling on bones or muscles to relieve displacement & facilitate healing
traction Tx
172
tract
to draw
173
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
scoliosis
174
pertaining to the shoulder blade
scapular
175
abnormal condition, can occur in children and is caused by lack of vitamin D
rickets
176
chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of joints, stiffness, pain, and swelling. Results in crippling deformities
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
177
pertaining to bones of fingers and toes
phalangeal
178
malignant tumor of the bone, cancer arising from connective tissue
osteosarcoma
179
abnormal condition characterized by decrease in density of bones
osteoporosis
180
softening of bones
osteomalacia
181
-malacia
softening
182
formation of bone
osteogenesis
183
inflammation of bone and joint, most common type of arthritis in US and people 55 and over (more often women)
osteoarthritis (OA)
184
pertaining to the elbow
olecranal
185
crescent shaped interarticular fibrocartilage structure found in certain joints, esp. lateral and medial menisci (semilunar cartilages) of the knee joint
meniscus
186
-us
pertaining to
187
abnormal anterior curvature of lumbar spine
lordosis (also referred to as swayback)
188
pertaining to the space between two ribs
intercostal
189
medical term for big or great toe
hallux
190
hereditary, metabolic disease, a form of acute arthritis, marked by joint inflammation
gout
191
gout is caused by
hyperuricemia
192
medical term for bowleg
genu varum
193
medical term for knock-knee
genu valgum
194
abnormal condition, caused by compression of the median nerve to carpal ligament
carpal tunnel syndrome
195
coccygeal
pertaining to the coccyx (tailbone)
196
os/oss
bone
197
anything that makes up bone tissue
osseous
198
intercellular substance of bone / space between bone tissue
matrix
199
cleid/o
clavicle
200
tissue membrane that contains bone marrow
endosteum
