Medical Terminology - Chapter 9 Flashcards
(176 cards)
1
Q
ang/i
A
vessel
2
Q
angi/o
A
vessel
3
Q
angin/o
A
to choke
4
Q
arter/i
A
artery
5
Q
arteri/o
A
artery
6
Q
ather/o
A
fatty substance, porridge
7
Q
atri/o
A
atrium
8
Q
auscultat/o
A
listen to
9
Q
card/i
A
heart
10
Q
cardi/o
A
heart
11
Q
chol/e
A
bile
12
Q
circulat/o
A
circular
13
Q
claudicat/o
A
to limp
14
Q
corpor/e
A
body
15
Q
cyan/o
A
dark blue
16
Q
dilat/o
A
to widen
17
Q
dynam/o
A
power
18
Q
ech/o
A
reflected sound
19
Q
electr/o
A
electricity
20
Q
embol/o
A
a throwing in
21
Q
glyc/o
A
sweet, sugar
22
Q
hem/o
A
blood
23
Q
infarct/o
A
infarct (necrosis of an area)
24
Q
isch/o
A
to hold back
25
lipid/o
fat
26
lun/o
moon
27
man/o
thin
28
mitr/o
mitral valve
29
my/o
muscle
30
occlus/o
to close up
31
ox/i
oxygen
32
palpit/o
throbbing
33
pector/o
chest
34
phleb/o
vein
35
phon/o
sound
36
pulmonar/o
lung
37
rrhythm/o
rhythm
38
scler/o
hardening
39
sept/o
a partition
40
sin/o
a curve
41
sphygm/o
pulse
42
sten/o
narrowing
43
steth/o
chest
44
thromb/o
clot of blood
45
valvul/o
valve
46
vas/o
vessel
47
vascul/o
small vessel
48
ven/i
vein
49
ventricul/o
ventricle
50
vers/o
turning
51
cardiovascular system is also called
circulatory system
52
function of cardiovascular system
provides body's cells with oxygen & nutritive elements, removes waste materials and carries carbon dioxide
53
location of heart
slightly to left of midline of the body, beneath sternum
54
3 layers / linings of the heart
endocardium (inner), myocardium (muscular, middle layer), pericardium (out membranous sac surrounding heart)
55
_______ divides heart into right and left half
septum
56
upper chambers of heart: ______ divided by the __________
atria, interatrial septum
57
lower chambers of heart: _______ are divided by the ___________
ventricles, interventricular septum
58
chambers that receive blood
atria
59
chambers that pump blood to body parts
ventricles
60
the valves of the heart are located:
at the entrance and exit of each ventricle
61
anastom
opening
62
-osis
condition
63
surgical joining of blood vessels or joining of one hollw/tubular organ to another
anastomosis
64
abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel
aneurysm
65
x-ray recording of size, shape and location of the heart and its blood vessels after the introduction of radiopaque contrast medium
angiogram
66
irregularity or loss of rhythm of heartbeat
arrhythmia
67
-plasty
surgical repair
68
sten
narrowing
69
pathological condition of hardening of arteries
arteriosclerosis
70
tumor of an artery containing a fatty substance
atheroma
71
method of physical assessment using a stethoscope to listen to sounds within chest, abdomen and other parts of the body
auscultation
72
portable automatic device used to restore normal heart rhythm to patients in cardiac arrest
automated external defibrillator (AED)
73
abnormally slow heartbeat, less than 60 bpm's
bradycardia
74
-cuspid
point
75
pathological noise, sound of venous or arterial origin heard on auscultation
bruit
76
-megaly
enlargement, large
77
enlargement of the heart
cardiomegaly
78
disease of heart muscle, leads to generalized deteriationof muscle and its pumping ability
cardiomyopathy (CMP)
79
vers
turning
80
medical procedure used to treat cardiac arrhythmia. electrical shock is delivered to heart to restore its normal rhythm using AED
cardioversion
81
sterol
solid (fat)
82
process of lameness or limping, cramping pain caused by inadequate supply of O2 to muscles due to narrowed arteries, symptom of peripheral artery disease PAD
claudication
83
using section of saphenous vein or internal mammary artery to bypass or reroute blood around obstructed or occluded coronary artery
coronary artery bypass graft
84
most common form of heart disease, also referred to as coronary artery disease, narrowing of coronary arteries that supply blood to heart
coronary heart disease (CHD)
85
abnormal condition of skin and mucous membranes caused by O2 deficiency in the blood. skin fingernails and mucous membranes can appear slightly blue/grey
cyanosis
86
relation phase of the heart cycle
diastole
87
abnormality of rhythm or rate of heartbeat, disturbance of normal electrical activity (bradycardia or tachycardia)
dysrhythmia (aka arrhythmia)
88
noninvasive ultrasound to evaluate heart for valvular or structural defects
echocardiography (ECHO)
89
medical diagnostic device used for recording electrical impulses of heart muscle
electrocardiograph (ECG, EKG)
90
pathological condition caused by obstruction of blood vessel by foreign substance or blood clot
embolism
91
endo-
within
92
inflammation of endocardium, typically occurs when microorganisms (esp bacteria) from other part of body spred through bloodstream and affect heart valves & other cardiovascular structures
endocarditis
93
pathological condition, heart loses ability to pump blood efficiently
heart failure (HF)
94
left sided heart failure
congestive heart failure (CHF)*
95
benign tumor of blood vessel
hemangioma
96
high blood pressure, called silent killer, can lead to kidney failure, stroke, heart attack, PAD and eye damage
hypertension
97
tens
pressure
98
condition, lack of O2 due to inncreased blood supply to part of body caused by constriction or obstruction of blood vessel
ischemia
99
pathological condition of narrowing of mitral valve
mitral stenosis (MS)
100
focal area of heart dies or is permanently damaged because of inadequate supply of O2 to the area
myocardial infarction (MI) aka: heart attack
101
process of measuring O2 saturation of blood
oximetry
102
-metry
measurement
103
pericardiocentesis
surgical procedure to remove fluid from pericardial sac
104
-centesis
surgical puncture
105
inflammation of pericardium
pericarditis
106
puncture of vein to withdraw blood for analysis
phlebotomy
107
inflammation of a vein
phlebitis
108
pertaining to sinus venosus and atrium
sinoatrial (SA)
109
medical instrument to measure the arterial blood pressure
sphygmomanometer
110
contractive phase of heart cycle during which blood is forced into systematic circulation via the aorta and the pulmonary circulation via the pulmonary artery
systole
111
tachy-
rapid
112
rapid heartbeat, over 100 bpm's
tachycardia
113
tel
end
114
vascular legion, formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels ; can appear as birthmark or be caused by long-term sun exposure
telangiectasis
115
-ectasis
dilatation (dilation)
116
blood clot within vascular system, stationary blood clot
thrombosis
117
swollen, dilated and knotted veins that usually occur in lower leg
varicose veins
118
spasm of blood vessel
vasospasm
119
puncture of vein for removal of blood for analysis
venipuncture
120
-puncture
to pierce
121
muscular pump, circulates blood through heart, lungs (pulmonary circulation), and rest of body (systemic circulation)
heart
122
branching system of vessels, transports blood from right and left ventricles of heart to all body parts
arteries
123
vessels that transport blood from peripheral tissues back to the heart
veins
124
microscopic blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules
capillaries
125
facilitates passage of life-sustaining fluids containing O2 and nutrients to cell bodies and the removal of accumulated waste and CO2
capillaries
126
blood consists of ___________ and _______
formed elements, plasma
127
functions of blood
delivers necessary substances to body cells (O2, foods, salts, hormones), transports waste products (CO2, urea, lactic acid) away from body cells
128
AED
automated external defibrillator
129
BP
blood pressure
130
CCU
coronary care unit
131
CHD
coronary heart disease
132
CHF
congestive heart failure
133
CO
cardiac output
134
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
135
ECG, EKG
electrocardiogram
136
ECHO
echocardiography
137
FHS
fetal heart sound
138
Hgb (Hb)
hemoglobin
139
HTN
hypertension
140
IV
intravenous
141
MI
myocardial infarction
142
MS
mitral stenosis
143
PE
pulmonary embolism
144
SOB
shortness of breath
145
central region in the chest cavity
mediastinum
146
layers of pericardium
visceral (inner) & parietal (outer)
147
plural of cava
cavae
148
only vein that transports O2 blood
pulmonary vein
149
only artery that transports CO2 blood
pulmonary artery
150
-ole
small
151
-ule
small
152
opens to let blood into right ventricle
tricuspid valve
153
thickening of layer of heart wall
hypertrophy
154
pacemaker (located in right atrium)
sinoatrial node
155
supply the heart with O2 rich blood
coronary arteries
156
drain into coronary sinus, collect blood and return it to the right atrium
cardiac veins
157
what controls the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat
autonomic nervous system
158
these fibers are the source of impulses initiating the heartbeat
purkinje fibers
159
transmits electrical impulses to bundle of HIS
atrioventricular (AV) node
160
collection of heart muscle cells specialized for electrical conduction, transmits electrical impulses from AV node to point of apex of the fascicular branches
atrioventricular bundle (bundle of his)
161
3 main types of blood vessels
arteries, veins and capillaries
162
branching system of vessels that transports blood away from heart to all body parts
arteries
163
elastic tubes that recoil and carry blood in pulsating waves, they have a pulse
arteries
164
most common sites for taking pulse
radial, brachial and carotid arteries
165
measuring pulse rate with stethoscope and counting heartbeat for 1 minute, taken over the heart itself (rather than @ pulse point)
apical pulse
166
vessels that transport blood from peripheral tissues back to heart, have thin walls and prevent backflow of blood
veins
167
most important superficial vein of the lower limb
great saphenous vein
168
microscopic blood vessels with single celled walls that connect arterioles with venules
capillaries
169
the extremely thin walls of _______ facilitate passage of O2 and nutrients to cell bodies and the removal of accumulated waste and CO2
capillaries
170
pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries
blood pressure
171
BP is reported in ______. It is measured with a ________ in concert with a ___________
millimeters of mercury (mmHg). sphygmomanometer, stethoscope
172
the difference between the systolic and diastolic readings
pulse pressure
173
what is an abnormal pulse pressure
over 50 points or under 30
174
optimal BP for adults
120/80
175
BP that indicates prehypertension
systolic of 120-139 or diastolic of 80-89
176
BP reading that is considered elevated (hypertension)
140/90 or higher
