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medication administarion power point Flashcards

1
Q

a drug is

A

any substance that alters physiologic function

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2
Q

A medication is a

A

drug specifically administered for its therapeutic effect on physiologic function

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3
Q

The official name of medication is called

A

generic name

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4
Q

The name the manufacturer gives to the drug it makes is the

A

trade name

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5
Q

Examples of generic name and trade name:

A

generic: name ibuprofen trade name: Motrin, Advil, Nuprin

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6
Q

Controlled Substances Act (CSA)established five categories of scheduled drugs

A

schedule I
schedule II
schedule III
schedule IV
schedule V
schedule VI

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7
Q

schedule I has

A

no current legal medical use/ high risk for abuse

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8
Q

schedule II

A

restricted but legal medical use/ high risk for abuse

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9
Q

schedule III, schedule IV, and schedule V

A

accepted legal medical use/ low risk for abuse

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10
Q

schedule VI

A

over the counter availability legal without prescription

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11
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

how a medication enters thebody, moves through the body, and leaves the body

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12
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

process in which a medication interacts with the body’s cells to produce a response

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13
Q

Absorption

A

passage of a drug from the administration site into the bloodstream

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14
Q

Distribution

A

: process of delivering the medication to tissues and organs > to the specificsite of action

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15
Q

Metabolism

A

process by which a drug is altered to a less active form to prepare for excretion

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16
Q

Excretion

A

removes the less active drug or its metabolites (usually through kidneys)

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17
Q

Half-life

A

expected time it takes for theblood concentration to measure one-half ofthe original drug dose

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18
Q

Onset

A

the time the body takes to respondto a drug after administration

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19
Q

Peak

A

the highest serum (blood)concentration

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20
Q

Trough

A

the lowest serum (blood) level ofthe medication

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21
Q

Side effects

A

predicted but unwanted (although sometimes unavoidable) reactions to medications

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22
Q

Adverse effects

A

severe, unintended, unwanted, and unpredictable drug reactions

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23
Q

Toxic effects

A

result from a medication overdose or buildup of medication in the blood

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24
Q

Allergic reactions

A

unpredictable immune responses to medication

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25
Anaphylactic reaction
severe allergic reaction, requires emergency response
26
Medication interactions
occur when the drug action is modified by the presence of acertain food, herb, or other medication
27
Synergistic effect
the combined effect is GREATER due to the interaction
28
Antagonistic effect
the effect is LESSER due to the interaction
29
DIVERSITY CONSIDERATIONS
Life Span Gender Culture, Ethnicity, and Religion
30
Gender differences include
Differences in body weight, plasma volume, cardiac output, and hormones have an impact on drug metabolism and clearance
31
cultural ethnicity and religion differences include
Genetic factors can affect drug metabolism and influence therapeutic effect Research suggests that medication adherence is lower among those in lower socioeconomic status and minorities Some cultures discourage medications in place of natural remedies
32
MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION RECORD (MAR)
Includes the patient’s name, the full name of the medication, administration time, dose, route, frequency, and site (for parental medications) Shows the record of administration for each drug, including all the above information plus who administered Before a nurse gives a medication, they should know WHY that medication is being administered
33
SAFETY BEFORE GIVING MEDICATIONS
* Verify order * Wash hands * Gather equipment * Identify client with armband AND by asking the patient their name and DOB * Explain procedure * Elevate bed to working level
34
THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT EACH MEDICATION
* Name * Class * Action * Dose * Expected effect * Side effects
35
ROUTES OF MEDICATIONS
Enteral Topical Inhalation Parental
36
Enteral route of medication
Oral: by mouth Buccal: against the cheek Sublingual: under the tongue
37
Topical route of medication
skin or mucous membranes
38
Inhalation route of medication
breathed into lungs
39
Parental route of medication
administered directly into vein or tissue
40
oral medication abbreviation
po
41
oral medication have
Slower onset of action than parental medications
42
in oral medication, the nurse is responsible to ensure all medications are
swallowed
43
Sublingual/buccal oral routes are used for absorbing
small amounts of medication through the oral mucosa
44
topical medications are applied to
specific skin surface or mucous membrane
45
topical medications include liquids, ____, ____, ____, ____
Liquids, ointments, eye-drops, ear drops, throat spray
46
when giving topical medications you have to
wear gloves
47
parental medications are administered by injection to
injection into tissue, muscle, or a vein
48
Intradermal injection is
shallow injection into the dermal layer
49
Subcutaneous injection is
injection into the subcutaneous tissue just below the skin
50
Intramuscular (IM) injection is
injection into a muscle
51
Intravenous (IV) injection is
injection or infusion directly into the bloodstream via a vein
52
The nurse is ACCOUNTABLE and RESPONSIBLE for _____ administration of medications
safe
53
The nurse should follow only ____ orders
written
54
when is it ok for the nurse to follow nonwritten orders
emergent situation, where verbal orders may be used
55
The nurse uses clinical judgment to evaluate whether the medication
amount prescribed, and route are safe for the patient
56
The nurse must understand the ______, _____ _____, ______, and ____ _____ of the medication they are giving.
purpose, typical dosage, route and side effect
57
ALWAYS PERFORM _____ MEDICATION CHECKS AND CHECK _____ _____ EACH TIME
three, all rights
58
THREE CHECKS OF MEDICATION SAFETY ARE
1. When you RETRIEVE the drug from the PYXIS, compare the medication to the MAR 2. As you PREPARE each drug, compare the medication label to the MAR 3.When you are at the patient’s BEDSIDE, compare the medication to the MAR
59
SIX RIGHTS OF MEDICATION SAFETY
PATIENT DRUG DOSE ROUTE TIME DOCUMENTAION
60
RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: PATIENT
Two forms of identification (armband and patient identifying self or picture of patient)
61
RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: TIME
Know the policy for when you can give a medication (many facilities it is up 1 hour before to 1 hour after)
62
RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: DRUG
Know policy on substituting generics If patient questions drug, answer questions or hold if appropriate
63
RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: DOSE
Ensure you do not need to split pills or get two pills, etc.
64
RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: ROUTE
Cannot administer medications how they are not meant to be administered; must have order from provider to change route
65
RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: DOCUMENTATION
All other rights must be documented each time Don’t document until the medication is taken by the patient
66
patient have the right to
The right to be informed of the name, purpose, and potential side effects of medications refuse the medication The right to have an accurate medication history taken by a qualified person The right to receive medications in accordance with the Six Rights of medication administration
67
ASSESSMENT include
Drug history and current use Medical history Medication schedule Medication response Medication adherence Medication safety
68
if medication error occurs you should check
Drug history and current use * Medical history * Medication schedule * Medication response * Medication adherence * Medication safety
69
NURSING IMPLICATIONS are
Actions nurses must take related to a medication’s effects and side effects* Ex: if you are giving a medication to lower blood pressure, what kind of nursing implications would you have?
70
safe practises before administering medication
Check patient allergies BEFORE administering medication Medications that CANNOT BE CRUSHED: enteric-coated, time-release, sublingual, buccal,and other medications with special coatings Get questions answered BEFORE administering medication When using metric doses, always place a zero in front of the decimal and make sure thereare never trailing zeros

nsg106 (17 decks)

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