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Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology, Nursing And Medicine > Medicine > Flashcards

Medicine Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

Who inspects veterinary practice premises and how often?

A

Either VMD or RCVS every 4 years

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2
Q

Which governing body governs the use of veterinary medicines?

A

VMD- veterinary medicines directorate

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3
Q

What regulations control the use, manufacture, sale, supply etc of vet meds?

A

VMR - veterinary medicines regulations 2013

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4
Q

Which act and regulations aims to control harmful drugs with the potential to be abused?

A

Misuse of drugs act 1971
Misuse of drug regulations 2001

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5
Q

Name the 4 legal categories of vet meds

A
  1. POM-V
  2. POM-VPS
  3. NFA-VPS
  4. AVM-GSL
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6
Q

Who can prescribe and who can supply POM-Vs?

A

Prescribe- vets
Supply- any SQP

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7
Q

What category of meds can SQPs prescribe?

A

POM-VPS
NFA-VPS

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8
Q

AVM-GSL

A

Authorised veterinary medicines- general sales list

Low risk, wide safety margin

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9
Q

What is CASCADE used for?

A

Unlicensed products for animal use

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10
Q

Who can prescribe under CASCADE?

A

Vets only.
SQPs and nurses can dispense

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11
Q

How long must records for CASCADE drugs be kept for?

A

5 years

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12
Q

What are the steps of CASCADE?

A
  1. Off licence product for same species different condition or different species same condition
  2. Human use licensed in UK or vet med licensed in EU (special import certificate)
  3. Creating a drug compound
  4. Human medicine outside UK or vet med outside EU
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13
Q

What goes on a cascade label?

A

Name and address of O and practice
Vet name
Animal name and species
supply and expiry date
Med info and batch no
Special storage instructions, warnings, withdrawal period
Animal Tx
Keep out of kids reach

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14
Q

What classes require written prescriptions and who can prescribe?

A

POM-V (vet only)
POM-VPS (RQP)

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15
Q

How long are written prescriptions valid for?

A

6 months
28days for schedule 2&3

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16
Q

How long do you need to keep prescription records for?

A

5 years

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17
Q

What info is needed for a written prescription?

A

Name, address, practice, prescriber name and credentials (RCVS/SQP no)
Name, address O and animal kept
Name, breed of animal
Med info
Withdrawal period
Under cascade if needed
Date and signature
For animals under my care
Number of repeats
Batch no for food animals

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18
Q

Routes of administration

A

Enteral- GI tract
Oral, buccal, sublingual, rectal

Parenteral- outside GIT
IV, IM, SC, IO, IP, topical, inhalation

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19
Q

What laws govern CDs?

Study These Flashcards
A

Misuse of drugs act 1971
Misuse of drug regulations 2001

20
Q

Storage of CDs

Study These Flashcards
A

Locked cabinet bolted to wall or floor
Separate key
Combo code changed regularly
Staff access only
Away from public
Store CDs only

21
Q

Disposal of CDs

Study These Flashcards
A

Schedule 2- denatured and witnessed
Schedule 3,4,5- denatured but not witnessed

22
Q

Who can witness CD disposal?

Study These Flashcards
A

CD Liaison officer
VMD/RCVS inspector
Vet from another practice not bribed
Police officer

23
Q

5 schedules and examples

Study These Flashcards
A

Schedule 1- high abuse, strictest control- LSD, CANNABIS
Schedule 2- therapeutic value but highly abused- methadone, ketamine, morphine. CD register, CD cabinet, witness destruction, keep invoice 2 years.
Schedule 3- therapeutic value but not as abused- buprenorphine, midazolam, phenobarbital, tramadol, gabapentin. Only bup CD cabinet, not witness destruction or register, invoice 2 years
Schedule 4- therapeutic value but less abused- diazepam. No safe storage, register or witness destruction, invoice 2 years.
Schedule 5- very low strength, not much abuse- codeine, pardale. No requirements, invoice 2 years, script 6m

24
Q

How to order CD

Study These Flashcards
A

Requisition form in written ink, RCVS number, stored upon receiving and recorded into register. Keep invoice for 2 years

25
What info does SPQ need?
No CE required Condition - vet diagnosis When and where previously supplied Last vet visit
26
What is pharmacodynamics?
The effect of drug on the body
27
What is pharmacokinetics?
Effect of the body on the drug- ADME 1.absorption 2. Distribution 3. Metabolism 4. Excretion
28
Fastest to slowest absorption/onset of routes
Injections- IV, IM, SC Mouth- buccal, sublingual, inhalation Rectal Oral Transdermal
29
Factors affecting duration of Action
Age Hydration Condition/ illness Route of administration Storage of meds Drug formulation
30
Which vaccines are live attenuated?
Distemper, parvovirus Calici and panleucopenia myxomatosis
31
What vaccines are inactivated?
Lepto Rabies FelV VHD 1&2
32
Examples of anti emetics and use
Maropitant- safe for FB obstruction, not liver issues Metaclopromide- prokinetic, not for FB/obstruction Ondanestron
33
H1 antihistamine vs H2 antihistamines
H1- antagonists, stops histamine release for allergy Chlorphenamine, cetirizine H2- antagonists (proton pump inhibitor) reduce stomach acid Omeprazole, ranitidine, cimetidine
34
Anti epileptics
GABA agonists Phenobarbital- contraindicated liver & renal failure, blood monitoring Imepition- liver, renal, cardiac issues Benzodiazepines Diazepam- rectal, IV Midazolam Refractory Levetiracetum Propofol CRI Gabapentin Potassium bromide- replaces Cl- ions - renal failure as renal excretion
35
4 classes of sedatives
Phenothiazine Benzodiazepines Opioids and ketamine Alpha 2 agonists
36
Phenothiazine examples
Acepromazine ACP Alpha 1 antagonist, CNS depression anti arrhythmic, anti emetic Slow onset, long duration Contraindication: peripheral vasodilation = hypothermia, cardiovascular disease
37
Benzodiazepines examples
Diazepam Midazolam GABA agonists Safe for old, young, sick patients Contraindications: healthy animals, liver disease, IV diazepam = thrombophlebitis
38
Opioids examples
Methadone- schedule 2, full agonist Morphine, fentanyl- schedule 2 Buprenorphine- schedule 3, partial agonist Butorphanol- schedule 4, mixed agonist/antagonist Naloxone- antagonist reversal Sedative & analgesia - can mix with benzos and ACP Contraindications: morphine V+ in cats, bradycardia, bradypnoea, slows GIT
39
Alpha 2 agonist examples
Medetomidine, dexmedetomidine Muscle relaxants and analgesic Atipamezole- antagonist reversal Contraindications: peripheral vasoconstriction, cardiovascular dx, liver dx, IOP/FB V+
40
Ketamine
Sedation can combine with others (benzodiazepines) Analgesia Contraindications: Renal or hepatic dx, hypertension, muscle rigidity if not combined
41
Diuretics and examples
Loop diuretics- frusomide Ascending loop of Henle Thiazides- Distal convoluted tubule Potassium sparing- Distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts Contraindications: renal failure, Anuria, vasodilators will decrease BP
42
NSAIDs and examples
COX 1- prostaglandins in gastrointestinal COX 1 inhibitor- Aspirin COX 2- prostaglandins pain and inflammation COX 2 inhibitor- Meloxicam, carprofen Non-selective COX 2 inhibitors- ibuprofen, naproxen Contraindications: steroids, GI issues or ulcers, D+, renal or hepatic issues, hypovolemia
43
Corticosteroids examples
Glucocorticoid agonist Hydrocortisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone Metabolic, catabolic, immuno and inflammation Mineralcorticoid agonist Fludrocortisone Mineral/salt/fluid balance Contraindications: NSAIDs, immunosuppressed, GI issues, hyperglycaemia
44
5 neoplastic/cytotoxic
Alkalyting agents Anti tumor antibiotics Mitotic inhibitors Platinum compound Anti metabolites Excreted- urine, faeces, body fluids Contraindications: pregnant, organ failure
45
Respiratory drugs
Bronchodilators- salbutamol, atropine Anti-tissutives- codeine, butorphanol Respiratory stimulants- Doproxam Expectorants/mucolytics- bromhexine, bisolvin, guaifenesine

Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology, Nursing And Medicine (5 decks)

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