Nursing Care Flashcards
(65 cards)
1
Q
Normal dog temperature
A
38.3-39.2
2
Q
Normal cat temperature
A
38.2-38.6
3
Q
Normal rabbit temperature
A
38.5-40
4
Q
Normal Guinea pig temperature
A
37.2-39.5
5
Q
Normal hamster temperature
A
36-38
6
Q
Normal reptile temperature
A
23-30
7
Q
Normal bird temperature
A
40-42
8
Q
Normal dog RR
A
10-30
9
Q
Normal cat RR
A
20-30
10
Q
Normal rabbit RR
A
30-60
11
Q
Normal hamster RR
A
40-110
12
Q
Normal snake RR
A
6-10
13
Q
Normal lizard RR
A
10-50
14
Q
Normal bird RR
A
15-100
Smaller birds = higher
Larger birds= lower
15
Q
Normal dog HR
A
70-140
16
Q
Normal cat HR
A
100-200
17
Q
Normal rabbit HR
A
130-325
18
Q
Normal hamster HR
A
300-470
19
Q
Normal reptile HR
A
30-80
20
Q
Normal bird HR
A
100-400
Smaller birds= higher
Larger birds= lower
21
Q
Dog blood pressure
A
Systolic- 90-120
Diastolic- 55-90
MAP- 60-85
22
Q
What is the minimum mmHg for mean arterial blood pressure
A
60mmHg
23
Q
Cat blood pressure
A
Systolic- 80-120
Diastolic- 55-90
Mean arterial pressure- 60-85
24
Q
Rabbit blood pressure
A
Systolic- 90-130
Diastolic- 80-90
25
Medical model - Aggleton and Chalmers
Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
26
Orems’s Self Care Model
Self care abilities
Patient independence
27
Roper Logan and Tierney Model
Activities of living
Life span
Independence
Influencing factors
Individuality
28
Ability Model- Orpet and Jeffery
10 abilities
Lifespan
Key influencing factors
29
Potential problems of recumbent
Decubitus ulcers
Weight loss/gain
Urine scalding
Hypostatic pneumonia
Muscular atrophy
30
How to prevent weight loss/gain in recumbent patient?
Calculate nutritional requirements and feeding amount
Weight daily to monitor
IVFT or assisted feeding if not eating
Exercise or passive limb movements
31
How to prevent muscular atrophy in a recumbent patient?
Physical therapy- passive ROM, muscle stretching
Encourage use of limbs- standing or moving supported with sling
Nutrition- high protein food
32
How to prevent decubitus ulcers in recumbent patient?
Thick padded bedding for support
Turn patient regularly- Q4h
Apply cushioned/ring padded dressing - wound and dressing care
Massage- circulation
Clean, dry and dress
33
How to prevent urine scalding in recumbent patient?
Vet beds to draw urine away
Change wet bedding immediately
Clean and dry patient after toileting
Take outside for toileting opportunities
Apply barrier cream, tail bandage
Urinary catheter if necessary
34
How to prevent hypostatic pneumonia in recumbent patient?
Turn patient regularly- Q4h
Perform coupage regularly
35
Pulse points
Lingual
Digital
Femoral
Tarsal
Coccygeal
36
What is Cheyne-Stokes breathing?
Abnormal breathing pattern- apnea and hyperventilation (slow, deep breaths to fast, shallow)
37
What is paradoxical breathing?
Chest moves in on inspiration and moves out on expiration
38
What is orthopnoea?
Breathlessness in recumbency
39
MM colours
Pink- normal
Red- fever, hyperthermia, vasodilation
Brick/cherry red- carbon monoxide poisoning
Cyanotic- hypoxemia
Pale/white- poor perfusion, shock, blood loss
Jaundice/Icteric- liver disease, sepsis
Brown- paracetamol poisoning
40
Dehydration levels
<5%- no clinical signs, increased urine concentration
5-6%- clinical signs- skin tenting, tacky mm
6-8%- clinical signs- skin tenting, slightly sunken eyes (enopthalmos), dry mm
10-12%- clinical signs- skin tenting that stays, sunken eyes & third eyelid protrudes, dry mm, shock
41
BP equation
BP= cardiac output x total peripheral resistance
42
Direct and invasive BP techniques
Central venous pressure
Arterial pressure
43
Indirect BP techniques
Doppler (manual)- does not give MAP
Oscillometric (automatic)- does give MAP
44
What should the room temperature of wards be?
18-22°C
45
Temperature for neonates
25°C
46
Temperature for small mammals?
21-23°C
47
Air changes in normal wards?
6-12 air changes per hour
48
Air changes in isolation ward?
12 changes per hour
49
Minimum kennel height requirements?
1.85m
50
Venous access points
Jugular
Cephalic
Lateral saphenous
Medial saphenous
Marginal ear vein
51
What is paresis
Partial loss of voluntary movement
52
Paraplegia
Loss of movement 2 limbs- usually hind
53
Hemiplegia
One sided paralysis (one half)
54
Tetra/quadriplegia
All 4 limbs
55
Topical wound treatment
Aloe vera: stimulates development of granulation tissue
● Silver sulfadiazine- Flamazine: topical broad-spectrum AB, prevents sepsis from burns. Can only be only for 7 days and must be used in this time.
● Zinc bacitracin: may enhance epithelialization
● Malic, benzoic and salicylic acid- Dermisol: very low pH, debriding agent,
toxic to granulation tissue
● Manuka honey: debridement of infected wounds
● Nanocrystealline silver: infected wounds
56
What type of dressing is KBan and Knit-Fix
Conforming
57
What type of dressing is vetwrap?
Cohesive
58
Solutions for wound lavage
Chlorhexidine 0.5%
Saline
Lactated ringers
Povidine iodine
59
Layers of dressings
Primary- adherent, non adherent, absorbent. Contact with wound
Secondary- over 1st layer, padding support and evens pressure. Ortho wool and Conforming bandage
Tertiary- final layer for protection - elastic cohesive, adhesive bandage
60
Vomiting
Active forceful expulsion
Contraction of abdo muscles
Stomach contents
Warning signs
61
Regurgitation
Passive
Oesophagus contents - undigested, saliva, fluids
Without warning
62
What is cyclic vomiting
Repeated vomiting
63
What is bilious vomit?
Contains bile
64
What is stercoraceous vomit
Contains faeces
65
What is haematemesis
Contains blood
