MedSoc SBA

Question 1

What are the signs of a UMN lesion?

Answer 1

Hyperreflexia, Maintained muscle, No fasciculations

Question 2

What are the signs of a LMN lesion?

Answer 2

Hyporeflexia, Severe muscle atrophy, Fasciculations

Question 3

Would increased dietary protein intake lead to an increase or decrease in GFR?

Answer 3

An increase - high dietary proteins can lead to afferent arteriole dilation

Question 4

Compression of which nerve would cause a foot drop?

Answer 4

Common peroneal nerve

Question 5

How is T4 converted to T3?

Answer 5

In peripheral tissues by 5-deiodinase

Question 6

What is an example of an insensible water loss?

Answer 6

Water loss due to evaporation from the skin?

Question 7

What cell type lines most of the surface of an alveoli?

Answer 7

Type 1 pneumocytes.

Type 2 are more numerous but type 1 are squamous and so are responsible for more of the SA

Question 8

Where does the majority of starch digestion occur?

Answer 8

The small intestine

Question 9

During foetal development, what thickens during the 3rd week to form the neural plate?

Answer 9

Ectoderm, neural tissue comes from ectoderm

Question 10

What is the effect of increased cortisol effect on female hormones?

Answer 10

Decrease in progesterone and oestrogen

Question 11

Give the equation for MAP?

Answer 11

MAP = DP +1/3PP

Question 12

Give the equation for BP?

Answer 12

CO x TPR

Question 13

What is oestrogen secreted in the luteal phase of menstruation?

Answer 13

Corpus luteum

Question 14

How much energy is in fibre?

Answer 14

2kcal/g

Question 15

What is a phase 1 reaction in liver detoxification?

Answer 15

Reactions that add an OH molecule or remove molecules to leave behind an OH molecule, increasing solubility

Question 16

What FEV1:FVC ratio would be suggestive of a COPD diagnoses?

Answer 16

Less than 0.7

Question 17

What molecule is permeable through the phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 17

Urea (small and uncharged polar molecules)

Question 18

What signs would you expect to see with a spinal cord hemisection (Brown Sequard)?

Answer 18

Ipsilateral: Loss of fine touch, proprioception, vibration, and motor impairment
Contralateral: Loss of pain and temperature

Question 19

What is the purpose of the glucose alanine cycle?

Answer 19

To transport ammonium from the muscles to the liver

Question 20

Which ECG leads show inferior view of the heart?

Answer 20

II, III, aVF

Question 21

What are central venous pressure and severe pulmonary hypertension signs of?

Answer 21

Left sided heart failure (Pulmonary hypertension may CAUSE right sided heart failure)

Question 22

Which part of the heart does the RCA supply?

Answer 22

Right atrium and ventricle

Question 23

What causes secretin secretion and where is it secreted from?

Answer 23

Low duodenal pH, small intestine

Question 24

During what part of the menstrual cycle does ischaemic necrosis of the functional endometrium occur?

Answer 24

Day 1-4

Question 25

What are the signs of post-hepatic jaundice?

Answer 25

Dark urine, pale stools

Question 26

Which nerves carry afferent impulses from peripheral chemoreceptors?

Answer 26

CN 9 and CN 10

Question 27

What % of respiratory control are central chemoreceptors responsible for?

Answer 27

60%

Question 28

What is another name for the inferior optic radiation?

Answer 28

Meyer's Loop

Question 29

What is another name for the superior optic radiation?

Answer 29

Baum's Loop

Question 30

What is the space behind the hepatoduodenal ligament called?

Answer 30

The epiploic foramen of Winslow

Question 31

Which ion is used as a co-transporter for the absorption of amino acids?

Answer 31

Na+

Question 32

Which ion is used as a co-transporter for the absorption of peptides?

Answer 32

H+

Question 33

What is the name of the structure that unites the two lobes of the thyroid?

Answer 33

The isthmus

Question 34

What hormone signals satiety following meals?

Answer 34

CCK

Question 35

What ion channel maintains action potentials in the SA and AV nodes?

Answer 35

L type Ca2+ channels (T type Ca2+ channels initiate action potentials)

Question 35

What ion channel maintains action potentials in the SA and AV nodes?

Answer 35

L type Ca2+ channels (T type Ca2+ channels initiate action potentials)