SBA Paper 1 Flashcards
Role of Desmosomes
Attach cells via the intermediate filaments
What is an adherens junction?
Joins an actin bundle in one cell to a similar bundle in its neighbouring cell
What are the role of hemidesmosomes?
Anchor intermediate filaments in cells to the basal lamina
What are the role of tight junctions?
Seal neighbouring cells together to prevent leakage of molecules
What are the role of gap junctions?
Allow the passage of small, water soluble ions and molecules
Haematoxylin and Eosin
Stain nuclei purple and cytoplasm pink
Periodic Acid Schiff
Stains brush borders and hexose sugars dark pink
Van Gieson
Stains collagen pink and muscle yellow
Alcian Blue
Stains mucins blue
Incidence
The number of new cases within a specified time period divided by the population size initially at risk
Neutrophils are elevated in…
bacterial infections
Eosinophils are elevated in…
parasitic infections
Basophils are involved in…
inflammatory reactions
Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are elevated in…
acute and chronic infections
Adrenaline acting on α2 receptors causes…
Vasodilation of the peripheral nervous system
Adrenaline acting on β2 receptors causes…
increased contractility and heart rate (increased CO)
The activation of baroreceptors would cause…
Decreased ADH (Less water retained, BP decreases)
Which part of the anatomical dead space has got the largest area?
Trachea
Where can simple columnar epithelium be found?
Lines the GI system
Where can stratified squamous epithelium be found?
Usually located in areas where frictional forces occur
eg. Skin, oesophagus, vagina, vocal cords
Where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found?
Secretory / Excretory surfaces
Where can simple squamous epithelium be found?
PERMEABLE - found where transport of small molecules occurs
eg. lungs, capilleries, alveoli
Where can stratified columnar epithelium be found?
Secretion and protection.
Pharynx, anus, uterus
Airway smooth muscle constriction is stimulated by by acetylcholine acting on…
M3 subtype of muscarinic receptors
