How do megacities differ from each other?
Development level Type of migrant Characteristic of growth Planning of growth Rate of pop. growth Urban processes
What are the 4 urban processes and their order?
Urbanisation
Suburbanisation
Counter - urbanisation
Reurbanisation
Define urbanisation
When the population of people living in urban cities increases
Define suburbanisation
Wealthy choosing to live on city edge escaping poverty/crime/pollution/congestion
Define counter-urbanisation
Movement of people out of urban cities to rural countryside mainly in developed world or v. rich in developing world
Define reurbanisation
Developed world trend where attempts to regenerate declining cities are put in place.
What are the four stages of urbanisation?
Immature, Consolidating,
Maturing, Established
What are the features of the immature stage?(give some examples)
V. rapid urban growth but mostly migration
60% informal economy
Small scale, manufacturing, urban farming
Little planning
60% or more in slums
Squatter settlements dominate
(Lagos, Kabul)
What are the features of the consolidating stage?(give some examples)
Rapid migration and internal growth balances
50% informal economy
Some industry
Urbanisation and suburbanisation going on
Planning on water, congestion, waste, slum & social housing
(Mumbai, Cairo)
What are the features of the maturing stage?(give some examples)
Slow, largely internal urban growth Mostly industry economic activity Some manufacturing Suburbanisation Housing, transport, land use planning processes Satisfactory QoL Suburbs gated communities (Mexico City, Beijing)
What are the features of the established stage?(give some examples)
Very slow and stable growth Professional, services, retail, formal sectors dominate Counter & Re urbanisation Large scale suburbanisation Inner city regeneration High QoL (London, Paris, Birmingham)
