memory

Question 1

memory

Answer 1

any indication that learning has persisted over time.

ability to store and retrieve info

Question 2

3 levels of processing

Answer 2

encoding: get info in
storage: retain info (short term memory)
retrival: get info back out (long term memory)

Question 3

effortful processing types (encoding)

Answer 3

semantic, visual, organizational

Question 4

semantic encoding

Answer 4

making what we remember meaningful

Question 5

self-reference effect

Answer 5

relating info to your own life making it personally relevant

Question 6

visual encoding with mental images are…

Answer 6

powerful aids to effortful processing, especially when combined with semantic encoding

Question 7

organizational encoding

Answer 7

break down complex info into broad concepts and further subdivide them into categories and subcategories

Question 8

chunking, types of chunking

Answer 8

dividing info to chunks that are easier to retain in short term memory

• acronym: abbreviation formed from initial letters

Question 9

hierarchy

Answer 9

info broken down into broad concepts and subdivided into categories and subcategories

Question 10

concept maps

Answer 10

mapping: technique that organizes info
- shows relationship between concepts
- easier for the brain to make meaning when info is organized into visual formats

Question 11

mnemonics (visual and organizational encoding) and examples

Answer 11

memory aids/shortcuts
- uses vivid imagery and organizational devices

memory palace, acronyms

Question 12

storage

Answer 12

maintenance of encoded info over time

Question 13

short term memory/working memory

Answer 13

limited to seven unrelated items and lasts 20s without rehearsal

Question 14

how do you transfer info worth holding on to to long term memory?

Answer 14

rehearsal: repeating info to self

Question 15

long term memory

Answer 15

storage over extended periods of time, unlimited capacity

Question 16

automatic processing

Answer 16

automatically processing info about space, time and frequency

Question 17

hippocampus

Answer 17

in the brain, primarily associated with memory

Question 18

retrieval cues

Answer 18

prompt that helps us remember. cue that activates a stored memory

Question 19

priming

Answer 19

identifying one of the strands that lead to a memory to retrieve it. unconscious way our memories work

Question 20

flashbulb memory

Answer 20

clear memories of emotionally significant events

Question 21

context effects

Answer 21

putting yourself back in the context where you experienced something can prime memory retrieval

Question 22

deja vu

Answer 22

cues from the current situation unconsciously trigger retrieval of a similar experience

Question 23

forgetting / encoding failure

Answer 23

inability to retrieve info due to poor encoding, storage or retrieval
- cant remember what you dont encode

Question 24

mood congruent memory

Answer 24

tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with ones current mood

Question 25

false memories / misinformation effect

Answer 25

incorporating misleading info into ones memory of an effect

Question 26

elizabeth loftus’ research

Answer 26

if false memories are implanted, they construct/fabricate their memories

Question 27

memory construction

Answer 27

we filter or fill in missing pieces of information to fill in the gaps, making it easier to remember