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Memory aids Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue groups

A

Tissue groups

  1. Epithelial tissue
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Nervous tissue
  4. Muscle tissue
  5. Fluid
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2
Q

Epithelial tissue groups

A

Epithelial tissue groups

  1. Simple squamous
  2. Simple cuboidal
  3. Simple columnar
  4. Simple columnar (ciliated)
  5. Stratified squamous
  6. Stratified cuboidal
  7. Stratified columnar
  8. Pseudostratified columnar
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3
Q

Muscle tissue groups

A

Muscle tissue groups

  1. Skeletal muscle
  2. Cardiac muscle
  3. Smooth muscle
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4
Q

Functions of skin

A

Functions of skin

  1. Regulating body temperature
  2. Protection
  3. Reception of stimuli
  4. Immunity
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5
Q

Major body systems

A

Major body systems

  1. Skeletal system
  2. Muscular system
  3. Nervous system
  4. Cardiovascular system
  5. Respiratory system
  6. Digestive system
  7. Lymphatic system
  8. Endocrine system
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6
Q

Body cavities

A

Body cavities

  1. Cranial cavity
  2. Thoracic cavity
  3. Abdominal and pelvic cavity
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7
Q

Regions of the abdominal and pelvic cavity

A

Regions of the abdominal and pelvic cavity

Right hypochondrium

Epigastrium

Left hypochondrium

Right lumbar

Umbilical

Left lumbar

Right iliac

Hypogastrium

Left iliac

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8
Q

Parts of the respiratory tract

A

Parts of the respiratory tract

  1. Nose or nasal cavity
  2. Pharynx
  3. Larynx
  4. Trachea
  5. Lungs
  6. Bronchi
  7. Bronchioles
  8. Alveoli
  9. Hilum
  10. Pleura
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9
Q

Pulmonary volumes

A

Pulmonary volumes

Average adult figures:

Alveoli volume = 350ml

Dead air space = 150ml

Tidal volume = 500ml

Minute volume = 6000ml per minute
(based on the average adult rate of 12 respirations per minute )

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10
Q

Lung capacities

A

Lung capacities

Inspiratory reserve = 3100ml

Tidal volume = 500ml

Expiratory reserve = 1200ml

Residual air = 1200ml

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11
Q

Breathing rates

A

Breathing rates

Range of rates for healthy bodies:

Infants:
32-40 respirations per minute

Child:
24-28 respirations per minute

Adult:
16-20 respirations per minute

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12
Q

Common respiratory problems

A

Common respiratory problems

  1. Asthma
  2. Bronchitis
  3. Pneumonia
  4. Emphysema
  5. Pulmonary embolism
  6. Pneumothorax
  7. Tension pneumothorax
  8. Hypoxia
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13
Q

Neuroglia

A

Neuroglia

  1. Myelin sheath
  2. Neurilemma
  3. Schwann cell
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14
Q

Parts of the central nervous system

A

Parts of the central nervous system

  1. Brain
  2. Spinal cord
  3. Meninges
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15
Q

Types of neurone

A

Types of neurone

  1. Unipolar neurones
  2. Bipolar neurones
  3. Multipolar neurones
  4. Association neurones
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16
Q

Parts of the brain

A

Parts of the brain

  1. Cerebrum
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Brain stem
  4. Diencephalon
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17
Q

Types of meninges

A

Types of meninges

  1. Dura mater
  2. Arachnoid mater
  3. Pia mater
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18
Q

Types of head injury

A

Types of head injury

  1. Concussion
  2. Compression
  3. Contra coup
  4. Haemorrhage
  5. Lucid interval
  6. Shock
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19
Q

Epilepsy categories

A

Epilepsy categories

  1. Petit mal
  2. Grand mal
  3. Status epilepticus
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20
Q

Relevant sections of the Mental Health Act

A

Relevant sections of the Mental Health Act

Section 2
Admission for 28 days of assessment and treatment.

Section 3
Admission for 6 months of treatment.

Section 4
Emergency admission for 72 hours of assessment.

Section 131
Informal or voluntary admission.

Section 135
Place of safety order (private place).

Section 136
Place of safety order (public place).

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21
Q

Bone classifications

A

Bone classifications

Long

Short

Irregular

Flat

Sesamoid

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22
Q

Sections of the axial skeleton (3

A

Sections of the axial skeleton (3

Skull split in to 2

Cranium

2 parietal bones

2 temporal bones

1 occipital bone

1 frontal bone

1 sphenoidal bone

1 ethmoidal bone

Facial bones

2 nasal bones

2 palatine bones

2 lacrimal bones

2 inferior nasal conchae

2 zygoma bones

2 maxilla bones

Mandible

Vomer

Vertebral column

7 cervical vertebrae

12 thoracic vertebrae

5 lumbar vertebrae

5 sacral vertebrae (the sacrum)

4 coccygeal vertebrae (the coccyx)

Thoracic cage

7 true ribs

2 false ribs

3 floating ribs

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23
Q

Sections of the appendicular skeleton (3)

A

Sections of the appendicular skeleton (3)

  • Shoulder girdle

Clavicle

Scapula

Humerus

Radius

Ulna

Wrist

8 carpal bones:

Scaphoid

Pisiform

Capitate

Lunate

Triguetral

Trapezium

Hamate

Trapezoid

5 metacarpal bones (I-V)

14 phalanges

  • Pelvic girdle

Ilium

Ischium

Pub

  • Lower limbs

Femur

Patella

Tibia

Fibula

Ankle

7 tarsals:

Talus

Cuboid

Navicular

Calcaneus

Cuneiform medial

Cuneiform intermedial

Cuneiform lateral

5 metatarsals (I-V)

14 phalanges

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24
Q

Types of joints

A

Types of joints

  1. Immovable joints (fibrous)
  2. Slightly movable joints (cartilaginous)
  3. Freely movable joints (synovial)
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25
Q

Types of synovial joint

A

Types of synovial joint

  1. Ball and socket
  2. Hinge joint
  3. Double hinge
  4. Gliding joint
  5. Pivot joints
26
Q

Types of fracture

A

Types of fracture

Simple (closed)

Compound (open)

Comminuted

Greenstick

Impacted

Complicated

27
Q

Causes of fracture

A

Causes of fracture

  1. Transverse
  2. Oblique
  3. Spiral
  4. Depressed
  5. Pathological
28
Q

Constituents of blood

A

Constituents of blood

Fluid:

Plasma

Solids:

Red blood cells

White blood cells

Platelets

29
Q

Blood vessels

A

Blood vessels

Arterial system: (blood from the heart)

Arteries

Arterioles

Capillaries

Venous sytem: (blood to the heart)

Capillaries

Venules

Veins

30
Q

Parts of the circulatory system

A

Parts of the circulatory system

  1. Systemic circulation
  2. Pulmonary circulation
  3. Portal circulation
  4. Circulation through the heart
31
Q

Pulse points

A

Pulse points

  1. Radial - the wrist
  2. Brachial - inside of the elbow
  3. Carotid - sides of the neck
  4. Pedal - front of the foot
32
Q

Types of wound

A

Types of wound

  1. Incised
  2. Lacerated
  3. Abrasion
  4. Contusion
  5. Puncture
  6. Gunshot
33
Q

Types of shock

A

Types of shock

  1. Cardiogenic shock
  2. Hypovolaemic shock
  3. Anaphylactic shock
34
Q

Cardiac connditions

A

Cardiac connditions

Angina pectoris

Myocardial infarct

Left ventricular failure

35
Q

Amino acids

A

Amino acids

  1. Arginine
  2. Lysine
  3. Tryptophan
  4. Histidine
  5. Methionine
  6. Leucine
  7. Phenylalanine
  8. Isoleucine
36
Q

Minerals

A

Minerals

Calcium

Magnesium

Fluorine

Phosphorus

Iron

Potassium

Iodine

Sodium

37
Q

Essential vitamins (2 groups

A

Fat soluble vitamins

  1. A
  2. D
  3. E
  4. K

Water soluble vitamins

B 1

B 2

B 3

B 6

B 12

Folic acid

Pantothenic acid

C

38
Q

Digestive processes

A

Digestive processes

  1. Ingestion
  2. Movement
  3. Digestion
  4. Absorption
  5. Defecation
39
Q

Parts of the alimentary tract

A

Parts of the alimentary tract

  1. Mouth
  2. Pharynx
  3. Oesophagus
  4. Stomach
  5. Duodenum
  6. Jejunum and ileum
  7. Large intestine
  8. Peritoneum
40
Q

Types of poison

A

Types of poison

  1. Burning or corrosive
  2. Non-burning
  3. Industrial
  4. Irritants
41
Q

Common poisons

A

Common poisons

  1. Acetaminophen
  2. Acetylsalicylic acid
  3. Amphetamines
  4. Barbituates
  5. Cyanide
  6. Narcotics
  7. Solvents
  8. Hallucinogens
42
Q

Burn classifcations

A

Burn classifcations

  • Partial thickness
  1. Superficial
  2. Deep
  • Full thickness
43
Q

Rule of nines

A

Rule of nines

Adult:

  1. Head and neck = 9%
  2. Front of trunk = 18%
  3. Back of trunk = 18%
  4. Leg = 18%
  5. Arm = 9%
  6. Genitalia = 1%

Child:

  1. Head and neck = 18%
  2. Front of trunk = 18%
  3. Back of trunk = 18%
  4. Leg = 14%
  5. Arm = 9%
  6. Genitalia = 1%
44
Q

Body temperature conditions

A

Body temperature conditions

  1. Hypothermia
  2. Hyperthermia
45
Q

Category I diseases

A

Category I

  1. Leprosy
  2. Influenza
  3. Whooping cough
  4. Legionaires disease
  5. Glandular fever
  6. Malaria
  7. Tetanus
  8. Scabies
  9. Erysipelas
  10. Leptospirosis
  11. Ophthalmia neonatorum
46
Q

Category II diseases

A

Category II

  1. Anthrax
  2. Measles
  3. Cholera
  4. Rubella
  5. Meningitis
  6. Hepatitis B
  7. Food poisoning
  8. Gastroenteritis
  9. Tuberculosis
  10. Infestations
  11. Chickenpox
  12. Diphtheria
  13. Dysentery
  14. Typhus
  15. Shingles
  16. Mumps
  17. Encephalitis
  18. Poliomyelitis
47
Q

Category III diseases

A

Category III

  1. Smallpox
  2. Marburgh
  3. Rabies
  4. Lassa fever
  5. Ebola
  6. Viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHF
48
Q

Methods to clear obstructed airways

A

Methods to clear obstructed airways

  1. Finger sweep
  2. Back slaps
  3. Head and neck tilt
  4. Abdominal thrusts
49
Q

Steps to primary survey

A

Steps to primary survey

A: Airway

B: Breathing

C: Circulation

50
Q

Steps to secondary survey

A

Steps to secondary survey

  1. Head
  2. Eyes
  3. Head orifices
  4. Respirations
  5. Pulse
  6. Shoulders
  7. Trunk
  8. Arms
  9. Pelvis
  10. Legs
  11. Spine
51
Q

Categories of the glasgow coma scale

A

Categories of the glasgow coma scale

  1. Eye response
  2. Motor response
  3. Verbal response
52
Q

Assessing lifts

A

Assessing lifts

Task

Individual capacity

Load

Environment

Other

53
Q

Major incident designated officers

A

Major incident designated officers

  1. Incident officer
  2. Liaison officer
  3. Parking officer
  4. Casualty clearing officer
  5. Loading officer
54
Q

Parts of the female reproductive system

A

Parts of the female reproductive system

Uterus

  • Fundus
  • Body
  • Cervix

Ovaries

Fallopian tubes

Vagina

55
Q

Stages of childbirth

A

Stages of childbirth

Stage I
Lasts up to 14 hours
Mucous plug released
Contractions every 15-20 mins

Stage II
“Breaking of the waters”
Fully dilated cervix
Contractions every three mins
Crowning is seen

Stage III
Actual birth
Delivery of the placenta

56
Q

Foetal presentations

A

Foetal presentations

  1. Normal presentation - left or right-occipito anterior (head down presentation)
  2. Malpresentation - right and left-occipito posterior (head down presentation)
  3. Breech presentation - buttock presentation
  4. Face presentation - head down presentation of face and NOT occipital bone
  5. Brow presentation - widest part of skull presents
  6. Transverse lie - no presenting part
57
Q

Pregnancy related haemorrhages

A

Pregnancy related haemorrhages

Antepartum haemorrhage

  • Accidental haemorrhage
  • Unavoidable haemorrhage
  • Abortion

Postpartum haemorrhage

Traumatic haemorrhage

58
Q
A
59
Q

Categories of child abuse

A

Categories of child abuse

  1. Physical abuse
  2. Sexual abuse
  3. Mental cruelty
60
Q

Common illnesses in old age

A

Common illnesses in old age

Parkinson’s disease

CVA - cerebrovascular accident

61
Q
A

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