Memory and Learning Flashcards
what is encoding
sensory input transformed into an object we can store or perform cognitive operations on
what is priming? ex of negative
effects of content on our ability to perceive subsequent stimuli
that dumb trick where you ask questions and its always milk then you ask what a cow drinks and ppl say milk
what is chunking
multiple meaningful components are easier to encode like splitting up a phone number
what is method of loci
encode info by mentally mapping it onto an imagined space
duration of sensory, long term, short term
sensory - instantaneous and decays quickly
long - hours to years
short - second to minutes and is limited
what is working memory
cognitive processes to act on info were holding in our short term memory
explicit memory - also known as declarative
semantic
memory of specific info
things that can be consciously declared!
implicit memory
procedural
like riding a bike
flashbulb memory
extremely vivid detail of important moments
eidetic memory
info recall
iconic memory
visual image can remain in our perception briefly
prospective memory
plans to do something in the future
what is a schema
ways we organize our knowledge
for example when you think of a bus you think of school
recall vs recognition
recall is more active and harder
how does semantic activation improve speed and accuracy in recall
can quickly retrieve concepts adjacent to already activated concepts
what is dual coding effect
studying multiple modalities is more effective than just one
use verbal and non verbal
what is state dependent memory
if you are in a certain state of mind you may be more likely to recall something from when you were previously in that state of mind
think about when your sad you remember the bad days fo your life
what is the effect you see when a witness sees the potential criminal in handcuffs
after seeing that someone is a criminal they may misremember the situation to be more negative than it was
misinformation effect
why is reproductive memory not an accurate model of memory and what is
that is more like a computer just encode info them reproduce when needed
real memory is reconstructive and we build memories based on perception and info we have
how does cognitive reconstruction relate to your family never getting the story straight
they are false memories your brain makes up that they believe are true
describe ebbinghaus forgetting curve
forgetting happens but repeated rounds of relearning cause the forgetting process to slow down and for more info to be consolidated into long term memory
proactive vs retroactive interference!
proactive - old ways get in the way of new ones
think im a pro so I can’t get any better
retroactive - new memories interfere with the old ones
think about how hard it would be to try use retro old phones now
how can you relate retrograde amnesia to retrograde interference
amnesia - forget previous events entirely
interference - new memories interfere with old ones
how does korsakoffs syndrome differ from alzhemiers
tendency for fictional stories
