Meninges, Calvaria, Scalp

Question 1

CN 7 exit

Answer 1

stylomastoid foramen

Question 2

CN 1 exit

Answer 2

cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

Question 3

rhinorrhea

Answer 3

CSF leaking out of nose

Question 4

8 bones of neurocranium

Answer 4

frontal
parietal (2)
temporal (2)
occipital
sphenoid
ethmoid

Question 5

14 bones of the viscerocranium

Answer 5

lacrimal (2)
nasal (s)
maxilla (2)
zygomatic (2)
palatine (2)
inferior nasal conchae (2)
mandible
vomer

Question 6

holes in the sphenoid bone

Answer 6

optical canal
pterygoid canal
superior orbital fissure
foramen rotundum
forament ovale
foramen spinosum

Question 7

where is the sella turica

Answer 7

center of sphenoid bone

turkish saddle for ridding the butterfly

Question 8

parts of the sella turica

Answer 8

tuberculum- bump behind the optic chaiasm
hypoglossal fossa- indent where the pituitary sits
dorsum sallae- back of the saddle
clinoid proceses- bed posts surrounding the sella turica

Question 9

sphenoid bone

Answer 9

butterfly in middle

Question 10

sella turica

Answer 10

turkish saddle, area in center of sphenoid

Question 11

tuberculum

Answer 11

bump behind optic chasm

part of the sella turica

Question 12

hypoglossal fossa

Answer 12

where pituitary sits

Question 13

dorsum sallae

Answer 13

back of the sella turica

Question 14

clinoid processes

Answer 14

little things sticking off around the sella turica

bedposts

Question 15

layers of the scalp

Answer 15

skin
connective tissue
aponeurosis
loose connective tissue
pericranium

Question 16

periorbital ecchymosis

Answer 16

bruising around eyes from laceration to the loose connective tissue layer of the scalp

Question 17

leptomeninges

Answer 17

pia and arachnoid mater

Question 18

where is the dural venous sinus

Answer 18

between the endosteal and menial layers of the dura mater

Question 19

which cranial dura layer is continuous with the spinal dura layer

Answer 19

mengial layer- continuous at the foramen magnum

Question 20

why doesn’t epidural anesthetic not enter brain

Answer 20

epidural space is not continuous with the brain

the endosteal and the mengial layer of the cranial dura are fused under the skull

Question 21

cisterns of subarachnoid space

Answer 21

cerebellomedullary

lumbar

Question 22

location of cerebellomedullary cistern

Answer 22

between the posterioinferior cerebellum and posterior medulla

Question 23

location of lumbar cistern

Answer 23

L2-S2 where the dural sac ends

Question 24

structures formed by the dura mater layers

Answer 24

septa

dorsal venous sinuses

Question 25

4 major septa

Answer 25

cerebral falx cerebellar tentorium cerebelli falx diaphragma sellae

Question 26

location of cerebral falx

Answer 26

between the 2 cerebral hemispheres

Question 27

location of cerebellar tentorium

Answer 27

separates cerebellum and occipital lobe | clinoid processes of sphenoid to internal surface of occipital and parietal bones

Question 28

tentorial incisure

Answer 28

hole in the cerebellar tantorium that the midbrain goes through

Question 29

space filling lesion common location in adults

Answer 29

supratentorial compartment

Question 30

uncal herniation

Answer 30

protrusion of the uncut (medial temporal lobe) through the tectorial notch (incisure)

Question 31

space filling lesion common location in children

Answer 31

infratentorial compartment

Question 32

falx cerebelli location

Answer 32

between cerebellar hemispheres, attached to tantrum cerebelli

Question 33

diaphragma sellae location

Answer 33

covers the hypophyseal fossa of the sella turica, over the pituitary

Question 34

what penetrates the diaphragm sellae

Answer 34

infundibulum of pituitary

Question 35

location of trabeculae

Answer 35

subarachnoid space

Question 36

bregma point

Answer 36

intersection of coronal and sagittal sutures

Question 37

lamda point

Answer 37

intersection of sagittal and lambed sutures

Question 38

parietal emissary foramen

Answer 38

holes next to the sagittal suture

Question 39

pterion

Answer 39

intersection of frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones

Question 40

metopic suture

Answer 40

frontal suture that has not yet fused in infants

Question 41

features of interior of calvaria

Answer 41

sagittal groove granular pits grooves for middle mengial arteries

Question 42

layers of calvaria bone

Answer 42

outer table- compact bone diploe- spongy bone inner table- compact bone

Question 43

emissary veins

Answer 43

veins that pass through all 3 calvaria layers and connect the dural sinuses to the cranial veins

Question 44

diploic veins

Answer 44

veins in calvaria that drain into the scalp veins or dural sinuses

Question 45

arachnoid granules

Answer 45

drain CSF back into venous ssystem

Question 46

draining veins (9)

Answer 46

``` superior sagittal sinus inferior sagittal sinus straight sinus transverse sinus sigmoid sinus occipital sinus cavernous sinus superior petrosal sinus inferior petrosal sinus ```

Question 47

innervation and blood supply of supratentorial compartment

Answer 47

innervation - trigeminal nerve | blood- middle menial artery

Question 48

innervation and blood supply of infratentorial compartment

Answer 48

innervation- C2-C3 | blood- occipital artery, anterior/posterior mental branches of vertebral artery

Question 49

epidural hematoma

Answer 49

cresent shaped | rupture of middle menial artery

Question 50

subdural hematoma

Answer 50

follows ducal pattern | rupture of cerebral artery