Mental and Behavioral Disorders

Question 1

anhedonia

Answer 1

absence of ability to experience pleasure, even if there is reason to

Question 2

confabulation

Answer 2

effort to conceal a memory gap by fabricating detailed, often believable, stories

associated with alcohol abuse

Question 3

dyscalculia

Answer 3

difficulty with performing mathematical calculations

Question 4

dysphoria

Answer 4

generalized negative mood characterized by depression

Question 5

echolalia

Answer 5

repetition of words or phrases spoken by others

Question 6

euphoria

Answer 6

exaggerated sense of physical and emotional well-being not based on reality, or inappropriate to the situation

Question 7

hallucination

Answer 7

any unreal sensory perception that occurs with no external cause

Question 8

hyperkinesis

Answer 8

excessive movement and activity

Question 9

stupor

Answer 9

a “numb” state of near nconsciousness

Question 10

dementia

Answer 10

lack of normal mental functioning, due to injury or disease

may include changes to personality, memory, and/or reasoning

Question 11

affect

Answer 11

observable demonstration of emotion that can be described in terms of quality, range, and appropriateness

Question 12

blunted affect

Answer 12

moderately reduced range of affect

Question 13

flat affect

Answer 13

diminished or loss of emotional expression

sometimes observed in schizophrenia, mental retardation, and some depressive disorders

Question 14

labile affect

Answer 14

multiple, abrupt changes in affect seen in certain types of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Question 15

full/wide range of affect

Answer 15

generally appropriate emotional response

Question 16

substance abuse

Answer 16

use of substances in ways that threaten health or impair social or economic functioning

examples of substances: alcohol, opioids, cannabinoids, sedatives, stimulants, nicotine, and inhalants

Question 17

harmful use

Answer 17

a pattern of drug use that causes damage to health

Question 18

tolerance

Answer 18

a state in which the body becomes accustomed to the substances ingested, so the user requires greater quantities to get the desired effects

Question 19

remission

Answer 19

exhibiting a lessening or disappearance of a disease/disorder

Question 20

delirium tremens (DTs)

Answer 20

acute and sometimes fatal delirium from quitting “cold-turkey” after years of excessive alcohol ingestion

Question 21

dependence

Answer 21

difficulty in controlling use of a drug

Question 22

intoxication

Answer 22

episode of behavioral disturbance following ingestion of alcohol or psychotropic drugs

(ICD-10 also provides a code to identify blood alcohol level)

Question 23

withdrawal state

Answer 23

group of symptoms that occur during cessation of the use of a regularly-taken drug

Question 24

akathisia

Answer 24

inability to sit still

Question 25

amnesia

Answer 25

inability to remember the past, isolated or entire may be caused by brain damage or severe emotional trauma

Question 26

catatonia

Answer 26

paralysis or immobility from psychological or emotional causes, rather than physical

Question 27

catatonic schizophrenia | schizophrenic catalepsy

Answer 27

a type of schizophrenia that is by prominent psychomotor disturbances that may alternate between extremes, such as hyperkinesis and stupor, and may be accompanied by a dreamlike state and hallucinations

Question 28

delirium

Answer 28

condition of confused, unfocused, irrational agitation in mental disorders, this may also be accompanied by more intense disorientation, incoherence, or fear, and illusions, hallucinations, and delusions

Question 29

hebephrenia | disorganized schizophrenia

Answer 29

initially occurs at puberty characterized by prominent affective changes, fleeting and fragmentary delusions and hallucinations, irresponsible and unpredictable behaviors.

Question 30

oneirism

Answer 30

state of dreamlike hallucination

Question 31

paranoia delusional disorder, late paraphrenia

Answer 31

a delusional disorder that includes inaccurate perception of suspicious thinking

Question 32

schizophrenia

Answer 32

a group of disorders characterized by fundamental distortions of thinking and perception, coupled with affect that is inappropriate or blunted patient exhibits inability to recognize an appropriate perception of reality, although their intellectual capacity is usually intact

Question 33

schizotypal disorder

Answer 33

patient exhibits anhedonia, eccentric behavior, cold affect, and social isolation

Question 34

bipolar disorder

Answer 34

disorder characterized by swings between elevated mood, energy, and activity (mania), and lowered mood, energy, activity (depression)

Question 35

cyclothymia

Answer 35

disorder characterized by recurring episodes of mild elation and depression that are not severe enough to diagnose as bipolar

Question 36

dysthymia

Answer 36

mild chronic depression of mood that lasts for years, but not severe enough to justify a diagnosis of depression

Question 37

euthymia

Answer 37

a normal range of mood and emotions

Question 38

major depressive disorder

Answer 38

depression typically characterized by its degree (minimal, moderate, severe) or number of occurrences (single, recurrent, persistent) patient exhibits dysphoria, reduction of energy, decrease in activity; perhaps also anhedonia, lack of ability to concentrate, fatigue, abnormal sleep patterns, etc.

Question 39

mania

Answer 39

a state of unstable, inappropriate mood

Question 40

acrophobia

Answer 40

fear of heights

Question 41

agoraphobia

Answer 41

fear of crowded places

Question 42

androphobia

Answer 42

fear of men

Question 43

anthropophobia social phobia

Answer 43

fear of scrutiny from others

Question 44

anxiety

Answer 44

anticipation of impending danger and dread, accompanying by restlessness, tension, tachycardia, and breathing difficulty, not associated with an apparent stimulus

Question 45

claustrophobia

Answer 45

fear of enclosed spaces

Question 46

delusion

Answer 46

persistent belief in a demonstrable untruth or a provable inaccurate perception despite clear evidence to the contrary

Question 47

dissociative identity disorder

Answer 47

maladaptive coping with severe stress by developing one or more separate personalities

Question 48

dyslexia

Answer 48

inability or difficulty with reading and/or writing

Question 49

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 49

anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable, and often irrational worry about everyday things

Question 50

gynephobia

Answer 50

fear of women

Question 51

illusion

Answer 51

inaccurate sensory perception based on a real stimulus

Question 52

osessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer 52

disorder characterized by recurrent, distressing, and unavoidable preoccupations or irresistible drives to perform specific rituals that the patient feels will prevent some harmful event

Question 53

panic disorder

Answer 53

anxiety disorder characterized by recurring, severe panic attacks

Question 54

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 54

extended emotional response to a traumatic event symptoms may include: flachbacks, recurring nightmares, anhedonia, depression, insomnia, anxiety, suicidal thoughts

Question 55

somatoform disorder

Answer 55

any disorder that has unfounded physical complaints by the patient, despite medical assurance that no physiological problem exists (hypochondriac disorder)

Question 56

anorexia nervosa

Answer 56

prolonged refusal to eat adequate amounts of food and an altered perception of what constitutes a normal minimum body weight, caused by an intense fear of becoming obese

Question 57

bulimia nervosa

Answer 57

eating disorder in which the individual repetitively eats large quantities of food and then purges the body via self-induced vomiting or inappropriate use of laxatives

Question 58

hypersomnia

Answer 58

excessive length or depth of sleep, especially during daytime

Question 59

psychosis

Answer 59

disassociation with or impaired perception of reality; may be accompanied by hallucinations, delusions, incoherence, akathisia, and/or disorganized behavior

Question 60

hypoactive sexual desire disorder | frigidity

Answer 60

indifference or unresponsiveness to sexual stimuli; inability to achieve orgasm during intercourse

Question 61

idiopathic insomnia

Answer 61

inability to fall (or stay) asleep, without a known cause

Question 62

nymphomania

Answer 62

relentless drive to achieve sexual orgasm in females

Question 63

satyrasis

Answer 63

relentless drive to achieve sexual orgasm in males

Question 64

somnambulism

Answer 64

sleepwalking