Mental Health Flashcards by Rachel Catania

What is depression an imbalance of?

dopamine, E, NE, seratonin

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depression etiology (root cause)

genetic, social, lifestyle and environmental factors

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is there a neurogenitive disease link w depression?

yes- alzhimers and parkinsons

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diffrence between major depressive disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder

major: 2+ weeks symptoms, can be mild, moderate, or severe

dysthymic: mild chronic, milder, more cognitive features (low self esteem), affective (low mood) and social dysfunction (social withdraw)

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explain the pathophys/ mechanism of action of depression

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explain the MOA of depression pharmaceuticals

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what is serotonin syndrome- AE

THAT SHM MD

Mild= tachycardia, HTN, Afebrile, Tremor, Shivering, Hypoflex, Myoclonus, Mydrisis, Diaphorisis

mod- above + hyperthermia, hyperactive bowels, mild agitation

Severe- above + HR/BP swing, delirium (confused), rigidity

Life threat- over 101.3 F, hypertone, resp faliure

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what is Afebrile

(no fever)

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what is delirium

confusion

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how long does it take to see imporvment in physical symptoms and see imporvment in emotional symptoms with depression medicine?

physical- 2 weeks
emotional- 6-8 weeks

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why is continous use most effective in depression meds

physical- 2 weeks
emotional- 6-8 weeks

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What type of med has a boxed warning from mental health chapter and why?

depressions meds
- bc it increaes the risk of suicide if prescribed under 24 years old
Lithium
-lithium toxicity

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when would someone give non pharmacidical treatment to someone wiht depression?

-child
-mild but can work as first line for mod-severe

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what type of intensity exercise do you need to produce happy effect and for how long

mod-high
short/ mid duration (a few weeks)

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why does exercise make you feel happy

decreases resting rate of cortisol
reduces inflamation
inhibits depressive like behaviors
lowers glucose

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What are the 2 types of SSRIs (selective seratonin reuptake inhibitors) and what are their indications (used for)

prozac
lexapro

antidepressent and anti anxiety

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what are the 2 types of SNRIs (seratonin NE reuptake inhibitors) and what are they used for

Effexor
Cymbalta

antidepressent and anti anxiety

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What are TCAs used for (tricyclic antidepressents)

depression and anxiety (but too mnay AE for anxiety)

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TCA (tricyclic antidepressent) MOA

inhibit reuptake of 5-HT, NE

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what does SSRI stand for

selective seratonin reuptake inhibitor

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what does SNRI stand for

Seratonin NE reuptake inhibitor

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common antidepressent AE

5: HIS GB
- HA
-GI
-sexual dysfunction
-insomnia
-BP issues

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What are the AE of prozac and lexapro

HIS GB
w out the B

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What are the AE of Effexor and Cymbalta

HIS GB + dry mouth & sweating

^adding 2 things in name so 2 more effects, and 2 more things makes me feel so tired- like after working out (dry mouth and sweat)

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TCA AE

SB SAW SB + weight gain, sedation, & ANTICHOLINGERIC (HYPOTENSION/DIZZY)

AE for Wellbutrin

HIS GB except no S and B (HI G) HIG TAD + tremor, dry mouth, low apetite

what is a type of NE/DA reuptake inhibitor

Wellbutrin

what is Wellbutrin used for

depression

What is Ketamine- esketamine (spravato)? MOA?

very intense antidepressant increase glutamate

how is Ketamine- esketamine (spravato)? delivered

nasal

what to watch out for with prozac and lexapro

tremors they dont experience high highs or low lows

what to watch out for in TCAs

overdose= serious CV risk!!!! (bc blocks Na channels) this is why its less commonly used

what to watch out for with Wellbrum

seizures at high doses or with electrolyte imbalance

what are some anatomy things with anxiety

APG, locus coerules, hypothalamus, (limbic system) amygdala and hippocampus- cortisol reduces volume

neurochemistry of anxiety

too much NT (MONOAMINE)= increased arousal overly sensitive seratonin recpetors -drugs may inhibit GABA (calm)

what in mental health can beta blockers be used for

anxiety

What are the benzos?

xanax, klonopin

what are xanax, klonopin used for

acute anxiety

xanax, klonopin MOI

bind GABA channel

what is Buspar for

maitnence anxiety

xanax, klonopin AE

SAM Sedation, ataxia (GAIT incordination), memory probs

what is ataxia

GAIT incordination

xanex and klonopin- maitnence?

no bc dependence

what can xanex and klonopin do to sleep cycle

disturb it-reduce REM and deep,

which drugs are cautions for elderly

xanex, klopin, anesthisa

buspar AE, how long, and how effective

dizzy, anxiety, CYP, takes 3 weeks and less effective in severe

what can psychedelic drugs be used for

depression and anxiety

how do psychedelic drugs work

rewire brain

whats the diffrence between a positive and negitive behavor

positive- what somone w it can see (presence of tihs) negitive- what somone w it cant see (lack of things)

if someone is predisposed to schitzaphrenia what can trigger it from this ch?

THC

MOI of scitzophrenia

low dopamine

what is waxy flexability

put limb in any position it stays there

what is echopraxia

repeting someones motor behavior

what are positive symtoms of scitzophrenia

hallucinations, abnormal motor behaviors

what are negitive symtoms of scitzophrenia

lack of speech, emotions, social

what are cognitive symtoms of scitzophrenia

reduced attn, decreased executive function

how long does it take scitzophrenic treatment to take place

4-6 weeks

what is scitzophrenic drug selection deturmined on

What is EPS

extrapyramidal symtopms

acute dystonia

muscle spasm: tounge, face, neck , back

akathisia

restlessness

parkinsonism

think parkinsons: slow mvmt, rigid, tremor, gait, mask facies

what is myoflobinemia assosiated wtih

neurolepticmalignant syndrome- (increase myoglobin- this is a kidney issue and can be fatal)

neurolepticmalignant syndrome

exstreme rigidity fever, unstable BP, myoflobinemia (increase myoglobin- this is a kidney issue and can be fatal)

perioral tremor (rabbit syndrome)

look like a rabbit chewing on a carrot, may be a late varient of parkinsomism

tardive dyskinesia

orofacial dyskinesia (odd faceial expressions)

1st generation antipsychotic

Haldol

how do antipsychotics work

block D2 receptors

what are Risperdal, Seroquel, and Abilify at a higher risk for

metabolic dysfunction cardiac abnormalaties heat intolerence

2nd gen antipsychotics

Risperdal, Seroquel, and Abilify

what is Lithium used for

bipolar- acute, or prevention

what is lithium toxicity symptoms

diahreea, vom, tremor, mild ataxia, drowsiness, muscular weakness

what are some circumstances that may alter this toxicity

medical illness, surgery, pregnancy and delivery crash diets, sodium restriction diet strenuous exercise, hot climate, advanced age

lithium AE

Weight gain LITHIUMS L: levels I: increased urination T: thirst, tremors H: hair thinning, hypothyroidism I: interactions U: upset stomach M: muscle weakness S:skin effects

define Polysipsia

increased thirst

define polyuria

increased pee

What medicine can you get a rash with

anticonvulsant RASH IS BAD

anticovulsant drugs and what for

V AND L MAKE K, plus C -valproic acid -carbmazepine -lamotigine bipolar

Mental Health Flashcards

(78 cards)