Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Metabolic Processes Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Metabolic Processes Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Two Stages of Photosynthesis

A

Light dependent and light independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Light Dependent reactions

A
  • absorption of photons of light

- light needs to be present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Light independent reactions

A
  • Calvin cycle
  • need for Calvin cycle to happen
  • need ATP and NADPH (can be In the dark)
  • light needs to be absorbed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Photosynthetic Organisms

A

Organisms that carry our photosynthesis:

  • plants
  • algae
  • some protists
  • Cyanobacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What organisms are Eukaryotes Autotrophs

A

Algae, photosynthetic protists and plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Eukaryotic Autotrophs

A
  • They have chloroplasts as discrete organelles
  • Green colour due to chlorophyll
  • In plants, leaves -primary organs for photosynthesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Photosynthetic “powerhouse”

Both LD reactions and Calvin cycle take place in here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chloroplast 3 membrane structure

A

Outer, inner and thylakoid membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What plants must obtain for photosynthesis to take place?

A

Carbon dioxide
Water
Light energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Capturing light energy

A

The ability to trap light energy and convert to chemical energy requires a sophisticated photochemical apparatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Primary electron acceptor

A

Molecule capable of accepting electrons and becoming reduced during photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chlorophyll

A

major photosynthetic pigments in plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2 types of chlorophyll

A

Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Carotenoids

A

second major group of photosynthetic pigments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Antenna Complex

A

captures light energy and transfers it to a chlorophyll a molecule and the primary electron acceptor in the reaction centre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Absorption spectrum

A

measures the magnitude of absorption of light of a pigment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Action spectrum

A

plots the effectiveness of light of various wavelengths in driving photosynthesis

18
Q

Proteins =

A

Photosystems

19
Q

Photosystem I (PSI)

A

absorb light optimally at wavelengths 700 nm (P700 molecules)

20
Q

Photosystem II (PSII)

A

absorb light optimally at wavelengths 680nm (P680 molecules)

21
Q

Cuticle

A

protecting film covering the epidermis of leaves

22
Q

Upper epidermis

A

top of leaf, single layer of cells directly below cuticle, protects leaf, providing water loss and providing an extra layer between out/in of leaf

23
Q

palisade mesophyll

A

absorb light for photosynthesis to take place. Consists of chloroplasts with chlorophyll

24
Q

Spongy mesophyll

A

leaf tissue consisting of loosely arranged chloroplasts bearing cells, located on lower side of leaf

25
Q

lower epidermis

A

single layer of cells on lower surface of leaf. contains stromata and guard cells. Stroma allows exchange for C)2 and O2 and transpiration

26
Q

stroma

A

tiny openings or pores in tissue that allows for gas exchange. Mostly found in leaves sometimes stems

27
Q

air space

A

irregularly shaped cells loosely packed with air spaces. storage place for products of photosynthesis

28
Q

Xylem veins

A

transports water + minerals from roots to leaves (upper side of veins)

29
Q

Phloem veins

A

transports carbohydrates made by photosynthesis in leaves and rest of plant (lower side)

30
Q

Proton Motive Force

A

occurs when the cell membrane becomes energized due to electron transport reactions by the electron carriers embedded in it.

31
Q

Proton Motive Force 3 mechanisms

A
  1. reduction and oxidation of plastoquinon
  2. addition of two protons for each water molecule spilt in thee lumen
  3. removal of one proton for each NADP+ reduced in the stroma
32
Q

Role of light energy

A

drives photosynthetic electron transport chain
gives energy H20
PSI has the same function as PSII

33
Q

Types of ETC in photosynthesis

A
  • linear (makes ATP, NADPH) including P680 and NADP+ reductase
  • clitic, electrons kept in P700
34
Q

Calvin cycle three phrases

A
  • carbon fixation
  • reduction reaction
  • regeneration of ribulose 1, 5-biphosphate (RuBP)
35
Q

Most important enzyme in calvin cycle

A

Rubisco

36
Q

C3 plants conditions

A

On hot, dry days, these plants close stomata to prevent water loss and gas exchange

37
Q

C4 plants conditions

A

Tropical pants, and several temperate crop species. (warmer climates)

38
Q

Photorespiration

A

the catalysis of O2 instead of CO2 by rubisco into RuBP, which slows the Calvin cycle, consumes ATP, and results in a release in a release of carbon

39
Q

C4 cycle

A

an alternative form of carbon fixation that some plants use., particularly in hot water, increases the concentration of CO2 available for the Calvin cycle reactions

40
Q

CAM plants conditions

A

hot and dry during the day and cool at night

41
Q

CAM metabolism

A

used mostly by succulent plants, which the Calvin cycle and the C4 cycle are separated in time for better efficiently of CO2 fixation

Biology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions