Translation Flashcards
Translation
RNA directed synthesis of polypeptides
Process requirements
ALL 3 RNAS
Ribosomes
amino acids
mRNA
messenger RNA- template used for correct addition of individual amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain
tRNA
Transfer RNA - carry activated amino acids into the ribosome which is composed of
to the elongated polypeptide chain
rRNA
Ribosomal RNA- and ribosomal proteins. Ribosome ensures correct access of activated tRNAs and contains the necessary enzymes to catalyze petite bond formation
OH
everything happens on this chemical
on 3’ end
Phosphate group
located on 5’ end, nothing gets added to it
Ribosome
carries out protein synthesis by translating the mRNA
Structure of the ribosome
Made up of 2 parts
- small subunits
- large subunits
Ribosome large subunits
has A site, P site and E site
A site
in large subunit of ribosome
aminoacyl site - where an aminoacyl-tRNA with a soon to be added amino acid comes in
P site
in large subunit of ribosome
Peptidly site- tRNA with a growing peptide is here
E site
in large subunit of ribosome
Exit site- a tRNA leaves the ribosome here
Steps in translation
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
Stop codons in termination
UAA, UAG, UGA
