Metazoa Flashcards

0
Q

nematodes

A

roundworms with complete digestive system, including mouth, intestine, and anus
-has eggs and larva

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1
Q

3 categories of metazoa

A

Nematodes ( roundworm)
Trematodes ( flattenworm)
cestodes ( tapeworm)

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2
Q

Enterobius vermicularis ( pinworm)

A

nematode

  • live in large intestine, glue eggs on skin around anus
  • cause itching
  • treatment by aerosols or vanguin
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3
Q

Dracunculia species ( Guinea worm)

A

Nematode

  • fecal/oral transmission, larvae penetrates intestine
  • cause a blister, erupts and worm emerges, sends larvae into water
  • treatment is to remove the worm
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4
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides

A

large worms, 30 cm long
live in small intestine of pigs, cows, horses
-eggs in soil very thick ( coat)
-infection by eggs
-when ingested they hatch and goes into trachea and nose and mouth

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5
Q

hookworms

A
  • live on blood
  • infection by larvae, enter into bare feet, crawls into skin and migrate into lungs
  • attach to head by hooks
  • only found in warm climates
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6
Q

Anisakis

A

from intestine of fish which are not cleaned thoroughly

  • infection by larvae
  • Sushi!
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7
Q

Trichinella spiralis

A

ingestion of encysted larvae in undercooked pork, walrus, bear
-in striated muscle fibers such as the heart

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8
Q

Fliaria (blood nematodes)

A

lympathatic ( elephantiasis)-can’t drain lymp. fluid

onchocerciasis(river blindness)- worms live in subcutaneous tissue, wolbachia- infection of worms

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9
Q

Trematodes

A

flattenworm

  • Schistosoma, host is freshwater snail
  • adult worms not affected since it hides under a coat
  • eggs reside in various plexus of bladder and intestine
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10
Q

S. haematobium

A

urinary schistosomiasis; inflammation of bladder wall, chronic cancer

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11
Q

S. japonicum

A

intestinal parasite

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12
Q

S. mansuni

A

intestinal parasite, migrates to liver

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13
Q

Swimmer’s itch

A
trematode
-non human schistosoma
-caused by a duck schistosome
-can
can't affect circulation and inner, so it cause skin itching only
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14
Q

cestodes ( tapeworm)

A
  • intestinal parasites, dependent on host for nutrients, no digestive system
  • head has suckers for attachments
  • body segment is called proglottids
  • acquired by eating inadequately cooked contaminated beef, pork, or fish
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15
Q

Hymenolypsis nana

A

most common tapeworm

  • small
  • doesn’t need an immediate host
  • common in tropical area
  • infection by ingesting egg
  • cause diarrhea cramps
16
Q

2 types of disease

A
  1. intestinal infection- mild clinical picture, produced by pork, beef, fish, or rodent tapeworms
  2. deep tissue infection- serious infections, pork tapeworm (cysticercosis), appear as insisted larva in the brain, OR echinocococsis ( dog)
17
Q

Tanenia saginata

A

beef tapeworm

  • life cycle requires both human and cattle
  • infectious tissue larvae (cysticerci) ingested by human, mature into tapeworm in intestine
  • eggs passed in feces, may be taken up by cattle
18
Q

Diphyllobothrium lactum

A

fish tapeworm, undercooked contaminated fish

  • use vitamin B12 and cause deficiency with anemia
  • mild to moderate symptoms: some diarrhea, abdominal pain, eggs are excreted; no feces
19
Q

Taenia solium

A

pork tapeworm
-intermediate host is pig
- more serious, person to person transmission is possible
2 ways for infection:
- eggs results in hatching of larva in intestine, which then escapes and penetrates body tissues, includes brain
- larvae: results in adult worm in intestine

20
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

A

dog tapeworm

  • never develop into full tapeworm in body
  • small, humans are dead-end host
  • dogs and coyotes are intended host where worm can grow into adult