micro Flashcards
(31 cards)
conjugation
fucking, sexpillus.
flacking chromosomal genes
transformation
cannibalism, adding deoxyribonuclease degrades
transduction
generalized: packaging error. lytic phage infects bacterium, leading to cleavage of the cell
specilized: excision event. lysogenic phage infects bacterium, viral DNA incorperates into bacterium
transposition
a jumping process involving a transposon. multiple drug resistance
which bacteria have similar mech. of action
diphteria and pseudomonas
disphteria mech. of action
diphteria toxin, inactivates EF-2
pseudomonas mech. of action
Exotoxin, inactivates EF-2
which mech. of action is simillar to shigella?
EHEC, shiga-like, shiga toxin (shigella) inactvates 60S ribosames by removing adenine from rRNA
Shigella mech. of action
Shiga toxin, 60S, adenine, GI mucosa damage—>dysentry, ST also enhances cytokine release, causing HUS
EHEC mech. of action
Shiga-like toxin, 60S, adenine, enhances cytokine release, causing HUS
ETEC mech. of action
HT—–> increase in cAMP,HS——> increase cGMP
B.Cerus mech. of action
ADP-Ribosylation activation Gs
B. anthracis
edema factor
Anti-HBs
means immunity. If a person has Anti-HBs without Anti-HBc means person was vaccinated
Anti-HBc
person was infected
Viral genetics:
Recombination
Exchange of genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base sequence homology
Viral genetics:
Reassortment
When viruses with segmented genomes (eg, influenza virus) exchange genetic material.——> eg H1N1 Influenza pandemic emerged due to reassortment of genes from human, swine and avian viruses—–> antigenetic swift
Viral genetics:
Complentation
When 1 and 2 viruses that infect the cell has mutated that results in a nonfunctional protein, the nonmutated virus complements the mutated one by making a functional protein that serves both viruses. For eg. HepB and HepD
Viral genetics:
Phenotypic mixing
Occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with a 2 viruses. For progeny 1, genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated with the surface protein of virus B.
Type B protein determines the tropism of the hybrid virus.
Subsequent infection progeny 1 will have type A that ecodes type A gen. material
Erlichiosis
Erlichia, vector is a tick. Monocytes with morulae, mulberry-like inclusions in cytoplasm
MEGA berry
Monocytes=Ehrlichiosis
Granulocytes=Anaplasmosis
Mycoplasma
atypical “walking pneumonia”
get cold without coat
cold agglutinanins IgM
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis, trans: water cyst, fatty stools
Entamoeba histolytica
Amebiasis, trans: water cyst, bloody d., colonic flask shaped ulcers, liver abcess
Entamoeba tEars Erythrocytes
Crytosporidium
Sever dirrhea in AIDS, moderate in nomal, trans: water oocysts—->acid fast
