MICRO: ANAEROBES

Question 1

Bacteria which grows equally well in absence or presence of oxygen

Answer 1

Facultative anaerobe

Question 2

Grow in low oxygen and better when CO2 is increased

Answer 2

Microaerophile

Question 3

Aerotolerant anaerobe

Answer 3

Able to grow 2-8% oxygen

Question 4

Will grow if oxygen is greater that 0.5%

Answer 4

obligate anaerobe

Question 5

The ubiquitous species of bacteria which are the commensals of skin, respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital tract

Answer 5

characteristics of anaerobe

Question 6

Source of infecting microbe / source of the infective anaerobes?

Answer 6

Host’s endogenous flora

Question 7

This bacterial species is weak, but is involved in polymicrobial infection with aerobes

Answer 7

Anaerobes

Question 8

The bacterial species causing abscess formation, tissue necrosis, and often gas formation.

Some produce most potent paralytic toxins.

Question 9

Found in soil, water, food, animals.

Answer 9

Anaerobes

Question 10

Infection with this anaerobes is both_________and _________

Answer 10

endogenous and exogenous

Question 11

Exogenous infection of humans by anaerobes is from…

Answer 11

Spore-forming organisms in soil, water, seawage

Question 12

Endogenous infection of human by anaerobe is from…

Answer 12

endogenous flora

Question 13

Anaerobes which are a normal floras of the skin

Answer 13

-Propionibacterium
- Peptostreptococcus

Question 14

Anaerobes which are a normal flora of the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 14

-Propionobacterium

Question 15

Anaerobes which are a normal flora of the mouth?

Answer 15

-Fusobacterium,
- Actinomyces

Question 16

Anaerobes which are a normal flora of the small intestine?…

Answer 16

-clostridium
-bacteroides
-fusobacterium

Question 17

Anaerobes which are a normal flora of the vagina…?

Answer 17

Lactobacillus

Question 18

How infection via exogenous route occurs?

Answer 18

The anaerobic bacteria gains access via ingestion of contaminated food/water, trauma, or disruption of body surfaces

Question 19

How infection via exogenous route occurs?

Answer 19

The anaerobic bacteria gains entry via disruption/trauma of mucous membranes____which allows entry of organism into normally sterile sites

Question 20

Clinical features suggestive of anaerobic infections?…

Answer 20

• Foul smelling discharge
  -Infection associated with malignancy
  -Blood containing exudates
  -Abscess, black necrotic tissue, gangrene

(check more on notes)

Question 21

Factors predisposing to anaerobic infection?

Answer 21

• co-infection with aerobic infection
• immunosuppression

*check notes

Question 22

A spore forming bacilli which causes tetanus?…

Answer 22

Clostridium tetani

Question 23

How clostridium cause tetanus?

Answer 23

Produce a neurotoxin, (tetanospasm) which targets
pre synaptic nerve terminal, blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmitter (GABA) into synapses.

-prolonged muscle spasms, rigidity, respiratory arrest and death result if toxin dose is high

Question 24

A spore forming bacilli which causes soft tissue, and enteric (food poisoning) infections?…

Answer 24

Clostridium perfringens

*check notes for examples of soft tissue and enteric infections

Question 25

With this highly resistant spore forming bacteria we see food borne infections, wound infections, and neonatal infections.

Answer 25

Clostridium botulinum *It's the reason we do not give kids honey

Question 26

This an anaerobic bacteria which causes pseudomembranous colitis - Cause nosocomial infections as well

Answer 26

Clostridium difficile

Question 27

A gram positive spore forming bacilli

Answer 27

All clostridium spp

Question 28

A gram positive Non-spore forming bacilli

Answer 28

-propionibacterium -Uebacterium -Actinomyces *more on notes

Question 29

A gam positive non-spore forming gram positive cocci

Answer 29

peptostreptococcus

Question 30

A gram negative cocci

Answer 30

veillonella (Normal oral flora) -isolated from human bites

Question 31

A gram negative bacilli

Answer 31

Bacteroides fragilis (causes vincent's angina) *more on notes

Question 32

For accurate diagnoses of anaerobic infection, u must...

Answer 32

- Collect specimen from site containing necrotic tissue - Aspirated material or tissue are the preferred specimen types not swabs

Question 33

T/F: After sample collection for anaerobe testing, sample must be incubated anaerobically for 48 hours?...

Answer 33

True Avoid oxygen coz sample will die

Question 34

Appropriate sample types when testing for presence of anaerobes?

Answer 34

- Aspirated material from abscess - Tissue - Sterile fluid (CSF) - Pulmonary secretions - GIT (BILE) - GUT samples (genitourinary)