WEEK 6 Flashcards
NUTRITIONAL FACTS OR FICTION (59 cards)
Causes of obesity is studied using which two models?
-Conventional model
- Carbohydrate-Insulin model
Model looking at calorie intake or over eating as cause of obesity, and encourages eating less and moving more
conventional model
Model claiming that overeating does not drive body fat increase, but the process of storing excess fat drives body fat increase
Carbohydrate insulin model
A model which accurately explains causes of weight gain, obesity, and diabetes
Carbohydrate insulin model
What’s the mechanism of carbohydrate-insulin model to weight gain & diabetes
Taking a diet high in digestible carbohydrates increases an insulin-to-glucagon ratio, thus favoring energy storage in adipose tissue. So more of wt u eat (calories) will be stored, leaving fewer calories available for metabolically active tissues.
What results from the mechanism of carbohydrate-insulin model?
-Increased weight gain through Increased hunger due to excess calorie storage by your body. And decreased metabolism.
What’s the treatment strategy for obesity?
Lowering insulin secretion through dietary changes may
enhance long-term weight management and chronic disease prevention.
(Take meals tht will not result to major increase in insulin-glucagon ratio)
hyperinsulinemia
higher levels of insulin in the blood (due to highly digestible carbohydrate meals)
Carbohydrate-insulin model
Considers overeating a
consequence of increasing adiposity; and not a cause of obesity
T/F: Of all the junk foods, sugar-sweetened beverages are likely
the most obesogenic
True
Fats such as those found in avocados, nuts, and olive oil, that can be beneficial for heart health, brain function, and overall well-being.
unsaturated fats
Fats that should be limited, as they can contribute to heart disease or stroke (e.g. butter, cheese, fried foods, and
red meat).
Saturated fats and trans fat
Divided into natural occurring fats: which occur in some animal products
and are not considered harmful in moderation. And into artificial occurring fats: which are hydrogenated
vegetable oils and increase risk of heart disease, inflammation, and certain cancers
Trans fat
T/F: Sunflower oil and certain other vegetable oils should best be avoided
True (they contain large amounts of omega-6 fatty acids:- which increases low-grade inflammation in your
body.
and:- contribute to oxidative stress in some
people, potentially contributing to heart disease
T/F: Choose
vegetable oils that are relatively low in omega-6 fatty acids. (These
include olive oil, canola oil, and high-oleic safflower oil)
True
-This allows you to optimize your omega-6 to omega-3 ratio.
T/F: Cholesterol is the enemy
False
What influences blood cholesterol level?
- It is the mix of fats and
carbohydrates in your diet—not the amount of cholesterol you eat from food.
Why high cholesterol is not favorable?
It causes atherosclerosis and is a determinant for heart disease risk (but this depends on the protein carrying cholesterol around your body)
Two proteins carrying cholesterol around in your body?
LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) and HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)
NB: Cholesterol has little to no effect on these protein levels
T/F: LDL is associated with an increased risk of heart disease when levels are high, HDL is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease when levels are high
True
LDL carries high amounts of cholesterol, and low proteins in comparison to HDL. It is often referred to as “bad” cholesterol because high levels of LDL cholesterol can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
True
All protein diets are the fastest way to build
muscle
False
What’s the appropriate diet to build muscles fast?
carbohydrates and
healthy fats are crucial for overall health, and effective muscle
development.
T/F: Organic food (produced through farming practises) are more nutritious than non-organic foods.
False
