MICRO:-BACILLI (NON-FEMENTER GNB

Question 1

Why are these species termed non-fementers?

Answer 1

They cannot ferment glucose or lactose

• Lactose fermentation negative

Question 2

where do the non-fermenters reside?

Answer 2

They are ubiquitous

• Found in water, plants, decayed matter, soil and food.

Question 3

Bacteria species which prefer moist niches in hospitals?

Answer 3

Non-fermentative GNB

Question 4

Bacteria species which highly colonize the immunocompromised hospital patients

Answer 4

Non-fermentative GNB

Question 5

Sites in patients colonized by the non-fermentative GNBs

Answer 5

-Respiratory
-and Gastro-intestinal tract

Question 6

Bacteria species isolated from respiratory therapy devices, catheter devices, dialysate fluid, saline

Answer 6

Non-Fermentative GNB

consider they’re found in hospitals

Question 7

Clinical syndromes from Non-fermentative GNB

Answer 7

Bacteremia, UTI, meningitis, pneumonia, and wound infection

Question 8

Are resistant to B_lactams and carbapenems

Answer 8

Non-fementors

Question 9

Do Non-fermentative GNB form spores?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Suitable culture or agar for the non-fermentative GNBs

Answer 10

MacConkey agar

just like the fermenters

Question 11

T/F: Most the non-fermentative GNBs are oxidase positive

Answer 11

True

-Pseudomonas aureginosa
- Burkholderia cepacia

Question 12

Oxidase negative non-fermentative GNB

Answer 12

-Acinectobacter Baumani
- Bordatella Holmesii

Question 13

Some of the risk factors for diseases caused by Non-fermentative GNB

Answer 13

-Immunosuppression (diabetes mellitus), trauma (burns, surgery), Foreign body implantation (catheters), Infused fluids ( dialysate, saline irrigation)

Question 14

Oxidative glucose metabolism. Found in moist environments; survives in hydrotherapy baths, hot tubs, swimming pools, humidifiers

Answer 14

Pseudomonas auriginosa

Question 15

Contaminates medications and sterile solutions intended for intravenous therapy

Answer 15

Pseudomonas auriginosa

Question 16

Pseudomonas auriginosa virulence factors

Answer 16

-Toxins ( exotoxins A and S, LPS toxin)
- Enzymes (proteases, phospholipase C)
……..

Question 17

Pseudomonas auriginosa can be treated with…?

Answer 17

-Aminoglycosides
- 3 and 4th Gen cephalosporins
-carbapenems
-fluoroquinolones

Question 18

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant to…?

Answer 18

Penicillin, ampicillin, 1 and 2nd gen cephalosporin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines

Question 19

No glucose metabolism at all at all. Not even oxidative glucose metabolism since the species is oxidase negative

Answer 19

Acinetobacter baumannii

Question 20

A non-fermentative GNB surviving both moist and dry conditions (mechanical ventilator and human skin)

Answer 20

Acinetobacter baumannii

Question 21

Non-fermentative GNB which is a normal flora of oropharynx of some healthy hosts

Answer 21

Acinetobacter baumannii

Question 22

Enters body through open wounds, catheters, and breathing tubes.

Answer 22

Acinetobacter baumannii

Question 23

Colonizes skin, wounds, respiratory and GIT tract

Answer 23

Acinetobacter baumannii

Question 24

Promotes its transmission through formite contamination in hospitals

Answer 24

Acinetobacter baumannii

Question 25

Treatment of acinectobacter baumannii

Answer 25

• Aminoglycosides
  -B lactams plus B-lactamase inhibitor combinations
• 3 and 4th gen cephalosporin

Question 26

Acinetobacter baumannii is resistant to?…

Answer 26

penicillins, 1 and 2nd gen cephalosporins, fluroquinolones, carbapenems

Question 27

A low virulence non-fermenter GNB which requires indwelling medical device on compromised host

Answer 27

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Question 28

Two Non-fermentative GNBs of low virulence which are susceptible only to Bactrim

Answer 28

• Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
• Burkholderia cepacia

Question 29

A non-fermentative GNB which is a frequent cause of clinically non-significant blood cultures in paediatric and neonatal wards

Answer 29

stenotrophomonas maltophilia