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Microbiology > Micro - Unique Bacterial Groups (Non-spore former/Mollicutes/Chlamydial/Rickettsial) > Flashcards

Micro - Unique Bacterial Groups (Non-spore former/Mollicutes/Chlamydial/Rickettsial) Flashcards

1
Q
  • Non spore forming Anaerobes
  • Mollicutes (Genus Mycoplasma)
  • Chlamydial
  • Rickettsial

Are all what kind of bacteial groups?

A

Unique Bacterial Groups

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2
Q

Can non-spore forming anerobes survies in o2?

A

No!

any amount of o2 will kill the bacteria

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3
Q

Why can non-spore forming anerobes not survive in o2?

A

Because they don’t form spores

*remember that spore forming

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4
Q

Since non-spore forming anaerobes can’t survive in o2, the diseases will be?

A

Endogenous - ds. will come from within

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5
Q

Why are non-spore forming anerobes difficult to ID, study and grow in the lab?

A

Because any amout of o2 will kill them

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6
Q

What is the shape of non-spore forming anaerobes?

A

Highly plemorphic - many shapes and they can change shape

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7
Q

Are non-spore forming anaerobe infections caused by ONE organism?

A

NO!

They are caused by mixed populations

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8
Q

What type of media is required for non-spore forming anerobes?

A

PRAS media

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9
Q

What does PRAS stand for?

A

Pre-reduced, anaerobically sterile

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10
Q

Do non-spore forming anaerobes grow rapidly or slow?

A

Slow growth

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11
Q

What type of staining is used to identify non-spore forming anaerobes?

A

Variable stainings

Could be half +/half -

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12
Q

How are non-spore forming anaerobes identified?

A

GLC (gas liquid chromatography) profiles: ID by fatty acid profiles

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13
Q

What are the technical problems you will run across with non-spore forming anaerobes?

A
  • Shape: Highly pleomorphic
  • Polymicrobic: NOT caused by ONE organism but MANY
  • Anaerobiosis: must maintain anaerobic conditions at all times
  • Variable staining: could be half+/half-
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14
Q

Pleomorphic

A

Many shapes

The pic shows how there are many different shapes in the slide

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15
Q

Polymicobial

A

Infections caused by MANY organisms not just one

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16
Q

Anaerobiosis

A

Anaerobic conditions must be maintain at ALL times. Any amout of o2 will kill the bacteria

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17
Q

Variable Staining

A

stains of the bacteria can be different colors

i.e. a gram stain will be more than one color (half+/half-). Making you think 2 organisms are present but it’s really only one

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18
Q

Most non-spore forming anaerobe infections are Endogenous or Exdogenous?

A

Endogenous - normal intestinal or respiratory flora get out of its normal area

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19
Q

Where in the body will you find many non-spore forming anaerobes?

A
  • Intestinal tract
  • In the mouth
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20
Q

What is the typical lesion for a non-spore forming anaerobe?

A

Abscesses

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21
Q

When should you think a non-spore forming anaerobe is present?

A

When there are internal abcesses

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22
Q

What is an example of a non-spore forming anaerobe?

A

Bacteroides fragilis

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23
Q

What type of flora is Bacteroides fragilis?

A

Intestinal normal flora

** makes up the majority of intestinal normal flora

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24
Q

What type of infections are present with Bacteroides fragilis

A

Endogenous infections (abcesses)

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25
What would make you think Bacteroides fagilis is present?
* Inestinal ruptures (knife wounds/gun shot wounds) * Bursting appendix * Abdominal damage
26
Is Bacteroides fragilis gram variable and pleomorphic?
NO (the exception to non-spore forming charateristics)
27
Is Bacteroides fragilis gram + or gram -?
Gram -
28
What shape is Bacteroides fragilis?
Bacillus
29
What are the virulence factors of Bacteroides fragilis?
* **polysaccharide capsule** - they often get out of their normal locations and need the capsule for protection * **Endotoxin** - endotoxins are found in the lipid A componet of a gram- cell wall and these gram-
30
Are Bacteroides fragilis naturally resistant to anibiotics?
YES \*\* it's an internal organism and any anitbiotics you ingest it most likely comes in to contact with it as well
31
What is unique about Mollicutes?
Naturaly cell wall deficient or cell wall defective bacteria
32
What is an example of a Mollicutes
Mycoplama pneumoniae
33
what ds. does Mycoplama pneumoniae cause?
Primary atypical pneumonia ("walking pneumonia") Primary: causes initial damage Aypical: not as severe as most pneumonia
34
Does Mycoplasma pneumoniae have a cell wall?
No
35
What are the virulence factors of Mycoplasma pneumoniae?
Adhesion protein Able to stop ciliary motion - causes initial primary damage in respiratory tract
36
Will Mycoplasma pneumoniae gram stain?
No \*\* gram stain is based on cell wall and this organism doesn't have a cell wall
37
What are factors that will help you dermine Mycoplasma pneumoniae is present?
* Symptoms and lack of isolation of other "usual suspect" pathogens * Typical colonies on selective media ("fried egg appearance) * Serology: "cold agglutinins" - anitbodies that will agglutinate under cold temps
38
Members of the genus Chlamydia resemble what?
Viral life cycle * Inactive elementary body: infectious * Active reticulate body: replicates once inside
39
What type of infections will be present with the genus Chlamydia?
Subclinical infections \*\* the organism/ds. is present but no signs/symptoms are shown. \*\* Benifical to the organism b/c a person won't know they have been infected and the orgnaism can continue to spead
40
Chlamydia trachomatis is sub classified into what?
Many seriological types * A,B,C * D-K * L
41
What organism is the world's leading cause of blindness?
Chlamydia trachomatis serological types A,B, and C
42
What symptoms will you see with Chlamydia trachomatis serological type A,B and C?
* Inflammation in eyes causes eye lashes to turn inward * scratching/scarring of cornea * secondary bacterial infections
43
What organism causes genital infections called "chlamydia"?
Chlamydia trachomatis serological types D-K
44
What symptoms will you see with Chlamydia trachomatis serological types D-K?
Inflammation in genital tract may cause pelvic inflammatory ds. and sterility
45
What organism is responsible for the most common STD in the US?
Chlamydia trachomatis serological types D-K
46
Will a patient who has Chlamydia trachomatis serological types D-K know they have it?
More than likely NO Most cases are subclinical (some symptoms but not harsh ones) People mainly find out they have it upon other examinations (i.e. such as a well womans exam)
47
Cervical symptoms of Chlamydia trachomatis serological types D-K
Most women won't know they have it. It's normal for women to have some discharge so they probably would not think it's due to Chlamydia
48
Male symptoms of Chlamydia trachomatis serological types D-K
Most men will not k now they have it b/c the discharge is not as prominent as seen in gonarrhea
49
What was Chlamydia trachomatis serological types D-K used to be referred as?
"non-gonococcal urethritis" \*\* b/c it resemebled gonarrhea but symptoms are not as harsh
50
lymphogranuloma venereum (LVG) is an uncommon STD due to which organism?
Chlamydia trachomatis serological type L
51
What symptoms will you find in Lymphogranuloma venereum (LVG)?
Ulcerating lesion in genital tract
52
Which organism is a zoonosis of parrots and parakeets?
Chlamydia psittacii
53
What ds. does Chlamydia psittacii cause?
"Parrot fever" - human ds./respiratory infection
54
How is Chlamydia psittacii spread?
Inhalation of bird feces
55
What is Family Rickettsiaceae?
Group of related genera including: * Rickettsia * Orientia * Coxiella * Ehrlichia
56
What are common characterisitics of the genera that fall in the Family Rickettsiaceae?
* Obligate intracellular parasites * Resemble gram- coccobacilli * Some spread by arthopods * Common sympt: headache/rash/fever * Distinguished by where rash starts (extremities/truck/generalized)
57
What organism causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
Rickettsia rickettsii \*\***BOARD QUESTION**
58
How is Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever spread?
Tick bourne **\*\* BOARD QUESTION**
59
What symptoms will you see with Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
* Headache * Fever * Rash (starts on extremities) **\*\* BOARD QUESTION**
60
What organism causes epidemic typhus (aka Brill Zinnser ds.)?
Rickettsia prowazekii
61
How is Typhus (Brill Zinnser ds.) spread?
Lice (louse is the singular of lice - she mentioned she can put either on the exam)
62
What symptoms will you see with Typhus (Brill Zinnser ds.)?
* Headache * Fever * Rash - starts on the truck
63
What organism causes Scrub Typhus?
Orientia species
64
How is Scrub Typhus spread?
Mites
65
What symptoms will you see with Scrub Typhus?
* Headache * Fever * Rash - starts in the trunk
66
What organism causes Q Fever?
Coxiella burnetii
67
What does the Q in Q Fever stand for?
* Queensland Australia or... * Question mark (didn't know what caused the condition)
68
How is Q Fever spread?
* Respiratory route * **Drinking unpasteurized milk**
69
What symptoms will you see in Q Fever?
Prlonged high fever \*\* no rash/headache/arthropod vector
70
What other organisms spread through unpasteurized milk?
* Mycobacterium bovis * Listeria monocytogenase
71
How could you differentiate Coxiella burnetti from Mycobacterium bovis?
M.bovis - is acid fast positive bacilli C.burnetti - resembles gram- coccobacilli
72
How could you differentiate Coxiella burnetti from Listeria monocytogenase?
L.monocytogenase - gram+ bacili C.burnetti - resembles gram- coccbacili
73
What organism causes Ehrlichiosis?
Ehrlichia chaffeensis
74
How is Ehrlichiosis spread?
Tick bourne (lone star tick)
75
What symptoms will you see with Ehrlichiosis?
* Headache * Fever * **Atypical leukocytes**

Microbiology (12 decks)

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