Microbes Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
- Eukaryotes have a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
- Eukaryotes are larger and more complex than Prokaryotes.
- Eukaryotes have their DNA stored in the nucleus, well as Prokaryotes have their DNA stored in the cytoplasm.
- Eukaryotes can be multicellular.
What are the names of the five kingdomes?
Please - Prokaryotae
Pick - Protoctista
Fresh - Fungi
Peaches - Plantae
Always - Animalia
What are 2 organisms that belong to the Prokaryotae kingdom?
- Bacteria
- Cyanobacteria
What are 2 organisms that belong to the Protoctista kingdom?
- Algae
- Slime moulds
What are 2 organisms that belong to the Fungi kingdom?
- Mushroom
- Puffball
What are 2 organisms that belong to the Plantae kingdom?
- Trees
- Flowering plants
What are 3 organisms that belong to the Animalia kingdom?
- Birds
- Humans
- Cows
What does the term ‘‘pathogenic’’ refer to/mean?
anything that couses disease
What is the difference between an antibiotic and a vaccine?
Antibiotics only kill bacterial infections and do not work on viruses. Vaccines protect against viral and some bacterial infections.
What are some of the uses of bacteria?
Generally:
- for fermentation
- to make bread and beer
- to make probiotic foods.
- Digestion
- Immune system support
- antibiotics
what is the word equation for aerobic respiration in bacteria?
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy released
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in bacteria?
glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
describe the replication cycle of viruses
the virus binds to the host cell, releases its genetic material into the host, uses the host to replicate its genetic material, and produces a new mature virion.
describe how yeast cells reproduce.
budding, where a small bud forms on the parent cell, grows, and then detaches to become a new individual. This new cell is genetically identical to the parent
What are some of the uses of yeast?
preparing: bread, alcoholic products, non-alcoholic products, and biofuels
What are the conditions required for decomposition?
Warm temperature, sufficient water, oxygen availability
Recall the carbon cycle.
Stage 1:
-Carbon enters the atmosphere as carbon dioxide from respiration and combustion.
Stage 2:
-Carbon dioxide is absorbed by producers to make carbohydrates in photosynthesis.
Stage 3:
-Animals feed on plants, passing the carbon compounds along the food chain. Most carbon they consume is exhaled as carbon dioxide during respiration. The animals and plants eventually die.
Stage 4:
- Dead organisms are eaten by decomposers and carbon in their bodies is returned to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
What features do protoctists have?
Both plant-like and animal-like features.
