Microbiology

Question 1

clinical picture of meningitis is:

Answer 1

headache, photophobia, fever, neck stiffness

Question 2

the tests that we do for suspected meningitis patients

Answer 2

CSF and blood test

Question 3

leading major bacterial causes of meningitis are:

Answer 3

Hflu
streptococcus penumonia (pneuomococcus)
neiseria meningitidis (meningiococcus)

Question 4

leading major bacterial causes of meningitis are:

Answer 4

Hflu
streptococcus penumonia (pneuomococcus)
neiseria meningitidis (meningiococcus)
Listeria
Salmonella

Question 5

most common causes of neonatal meningitis:

Answer 5

group B hemolytics
Gram negatibe bacilli ( enterobactiralis)= e coli + klebsiella

Question 6

VP Shunt associated causes of meningitis:

Answer 6

epidermis, s.aureus, acinobacter
pseudomonas aurginosa
Gram negative bacilli

Question 7

most common causes of meningitis in immnocomprimised patients :

Answer 7

Listeria
Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 8

morphologic features of Hflu

Answer 8

Coccobacillus, gram negative
Oxidase positive and catalase positive iga proteases
grows on chocolate agar needin factors X and V

Question 9

Satellitism is found in what bacteria

Answer 9

Hflu

Question 10

detection of Hflu is by:

Answer 10

slide latex agglutination test
quelling, iridescent, capsule

Question 11

incidences where Hflu happens usually in

Answer 11

Not in children up to 2 months
in children 2-4 years
in winter, with low economic status and closed communities (nursings and daycare centers)

Question 12

DOC for meningitis of Hflu now VS then
prophylaxis and acute epiglotittis
less serious cases

Answer 12

ceftriaxone, cefotaxime {IV}
ampicillin and chloamphinicole
rifampicine
ceftriaxone
amoxicillin, augumentin, clarithromycin

Question 13

H paraflu requires:
H aprophilus and. ducreyi requires: and causes:
H aegypyticus causes :
Hparaflu , H aphrophilus & H paraphrophilus causes:

Answer 13

factor V
Factor X (causes chancroids)
purelent conjectivitis and brazilian
endocarditis, lung abcess, dentals , brain abcess

Question 14

meningococcus morphologic features:

Answer 14

Gram negative , INTRACELLULAR,
Oxidase POSITIVE

Question 15

preddisposing conditions of meningocoocus:

Answer 15

overcrowded

Question 16

invasive diseases by meningococcus:

Answer 16

PURELENT meningitis
waterhous syndrome
skin redness

Question 17

treatment of meningococcus :

Answer 17

ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, penicilin

Question 18

streptococcus morphologic features

Answer 18

+: gram, optochin, bile soluble, quellung, antiserum
-:catalase, motility, spore forming

Question 19

strep pneumoniae virulence factors:

Answer 19

capsule, iga protease
pneumolysin, autolysin (draughtsman colony)

Question 20

skull base fracture causes recurrent meingitis in what bacteria:

Answer 20

pneumococcus

Question 21

treatment of pneumococcus

Answer 21

vancomycin

Question 22

Cryptococcus neoformans is negative for? and positive for?

Answer 22

india ink and fermintation
latex agglutination test and UREAE

Question 23

Treatment of cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 23

immunocompromised: amphotericin B
immnuocompetent : itraconazole and fluconazzole

Question 24

a person who uses neti pots has high risk of:?
and it causes:

Answer 24

naegleria fowleri
primary amebic meningioencephalitis

Question 25

treatment of naegleria fowleri:

Answer 25

amphotericin B it rarely work

Question 26

acanthamoeba can cause in immunocomprimsied _______ and can also cause _________

Answer 26

chronic meningioencephalitis uclerative amoebic keratitis

Question 27

nematode (rat lungworm) is the most common causes of: escargote

Answer 27

eosinophili meningitis (cus its worms)

Question 28

the most common viral causes of meningitis are:

Answer 28

VZV HSV

Question 29

Syphilis causes ______ in brain

Answer 29

lymphatocytic CSF (tertiary neurosyphilis)

Question 30

streptococcus agalactiae morphology, type of agar, its tests

Answer 30

gram positive cocci, sheep blood agar shows GBS bacitracin resistance, catalase negative, hippurate and CAMP positive

Question 31

a microbe thats related to placental capsules

Answer 31

s.agalactae

Question 32

the least causative agent of meningitis in neonats is

Answer 32

salmonella?

Question 33

listeria morhology agar and tests

Answer 33

gram positive baciili sheep agar and shows beta hemolysis catalase positive , camp+ hippurate are positive slide agglutination is negative not fastidious (environmental)

Question 34

______ shows tumbling motility and an umbrella growth

Answer 34

listeria

Question 35

internalin A, listeriolysin O, phospholipase C, ActA are all virulence factors for? and what are. their function?

Answer 35

- listeria - internalization, O+C dissolution of vacuole in cytoplasim, motility and spread

Question 36

granulomatosis infatseptica (granuloma and abscess) is caused by what organism

Answer 36

listeria

Question 37

____ causes acurte GEitis specially with raw meat or cheese, cook chill

Answer 37

listeria

Question 38

____ drug is not used with listeria

Answer 38

cephalosporin

Question 39

clostridium featurees

Answer 39

gram positive bacilli (pleomorphism) and gram varies obligate intracellular, only spore former **redox potential** can be tetanus or botulinsm

Question 40

found in soil, has AB type ( a is the light chain for inh of GABA \ B is heavy chain for internalization)

Answer 40

clostridum tetanus

Question 41

lockjaw, **sardonicus, opsithotonus** syppathetic stimulation are all seen in ___?

Answer 41

tetanus sardonicus: smiling opsithotonus: arched back

Question 42

______ has lysogenic converion , proteinous toxin, AB type (light chain for ACH and B chain is heavy and for internalization)

Answer 42

botulinum toxin

Question 43

organism is found in meats, canned food, honey, alkaline vegies , feul station nachos, potato salad. what is it and it might cause ___ in babies or ____ in skin

Answer 43

botulinum floppy child syndrome skin popping

Question 44

diplopia, ptosis are seen in___?

Answer 44

botulinum there wont be loss of conscientious or sensation only descending moto loss (death: respiratory failure)

Question 45

mold like pellicle and stained by acid fast chain

Answer 45

mycobacterium

Question 46

leprae transmission and incubation

Answer 46

obligate intracellular skin to skin or inhalation long (not found in children)

Question 47

**targets schwann cells** loss of sensory and motor functions distruction of digits , saddle nose , blindness and loss of eyebreows

Answer 47

leprosy

Question 48

poor serology for lepromin multi bacillary seen in acid fast infectivity is higher extensive erythmatous in skin nerve enlargement what type of leprosy is this?

Answer 48

lepromatous

Question 49

good immune respone to it pauci bacillary lower infectability a few large hypo pigmented macules neuronal enlargement

Answer 49

tuberculoid

Question 50

leprosy treatment is prolonged and combined ( mutants) but cure rate is high

Question 51

hearing loss with meningitisand also epiglottis is seen in

Answer 51

hflu

Question 52

meningococcus prophylaxis

Answer 52

rifampicin for children and ciprofloxacin for adults