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Microbiology Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the most common extraintestinal form of a parasite presenting with an anchovy like aspirate?

A

Amebic liver abscess

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1
Q

Dysentery without fever, flasked shaped ulcers, Charcot-Leyden crystals on fecal smears. What is the treatment of this pathogen?

A

Cyst: Diloxanide furoate
Trophozoites: Metronidazole

Entamoeba histolytica

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2
Q

This parasite has an acute and chronic phase. Acute: abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, smelling like rotten eggs.
Chronic: Constipation, weight loss, and steatorrhea.

What is the motility pattern of this parasite

A

Giardia Lambia: Falling leaf motility

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3
Q

Treatment for this organism which presents with a foul-smelling greenish vaginal discharged accompanied by itching and burning. Strawberry cervix is a clinical feature.

A

Metronidazole
treatment for
Trichomonas Vaginalis

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4
Q

Recurrence of symptoms after a temporary abatement (2-4) weeks. What do you call this clinical outcome and which organism is it noted in?

A

Recrudescence could be cause by P. Falciparum and P. Malariae

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5
Q

Return of a disease after its apparent cessation (1-6 months) due to reactivation of hyponozoites is seen in which organisms?

A

Relapse is seen in P. ovale and in P. Vivax

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6
Q

What kind of stains and smear do you use for Malaria?

A

Thick smears to screen for the presence of organism. Thin smear is for species identification. Giemsa stain is the stain used.

Highest yield when blood samples are taken during fever or 2-3 hours after peak.

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7
Q

Punctate granulations present in red bood sell invaded by P. Ovale and P. Vivax

A

Schuffner dots

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8
Q

Coarse granulations present in red blood cells invaded by P. falciparum

A

Maurer dota

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9
Q

Fine dots present in red blood cells invaded by P. malariae

A

Ziemann dots

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10
Q

What is a finding seen in cerebral malaria?

A

Durke granuloma

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11
Q

Acute renal failure in malaria is called?

A

Blackwater Fever

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12
Q

High endemicity areas of malaria

A

Palawan, Kalinga-Apayao, Ifugao, Agusan del Sur

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13
Q

Areas of chloroquine-resistance in Malariae

A

Palawan, Davao del Norte, Compostela Valley

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14
Q

Immunocompetent individuals present with heterophil-negative mononucleosis, whereas immunocompromised patients will present with encephalitis with ring enhancing lesions.

A

Toxoplasma gondii

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15
Q

Periorbital edema and a nodule near the bite is seen in this disease.

A

Romana sign and Chagoma are both seen in acute Chagas disease by the Trypanosoma Cruzi.

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16
Q

Myocarditis, megacolon, megaesophagus (achalasia) are seen in the chronic form of this organism.

A

Chronic disease of Trypanosoma Cruzi

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17
Q

Indurated skin ulcer or chancre with intermittent weekly fever and LAD, excessive somnolence, Winterbottom sign, encephalitis, Hypersthesia or Kerandel sign are all seen in?

A

Trypanosoma Brucei complex

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18
Q

Species commonly associated with red tide poisoning?

A

Pyrodinium bahamense var. compresum

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19
Q

Shellfish poisoning syndromes that is paralytic is seen in which kind of toxin?

A

Saxitoxin

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20
Q

A neurotoxic presentation of shellfish poisoning syndrome which includes slurred speech, ataxia, facial paresthesia, and diarrhea are seen in which toxin?

A

Brevetoxin

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21
Q

Diarrhea, Nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain are seen in which toxin for the shellfish poisoning syndromes?

A

Okadaic acid

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22
Q

Shellfish poisoning syndrome which includes short-term memory loss, diarrhea and seizures are produced by which Toxin?

A

Domoic acid

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23
Q

Eating of undercooked pork presents with mild intestinal symptoms and could sometimes lead to seizures. In addition, it is possible to see worms in vitreous humor with these organisms. What is the organism?

A

Neurocysticercosis by Taenia Solium

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24
Abdominal pain and diarrhea occurs and may sometimes lead to megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency. What is the causative agent?
Diphyllobotrium latum
25
Ruptured hydatid cysts could lead to a life-threatening anaphylaxis. What is the treatment of this parasite prior to the anaphylaxis?
Albendazole to treat Echinococcus granulosus
26
What do you call systemic hypersentivity resembling serum sickness which is caused Schistosoma japonicum?
Katayama fever
27
Swimmer's itch and Katayama fever are caused by this organism
Schistosoma japonicum
28
Chronic cough with bloody sputum, this parasite closely resembles TB and has a ring-shadowed opacity in the chest x-ray. What is the animal that harbors this organism?
Crabs are hosts for Paragonimus westermani
29
The chronic phase produced by this parasite could lead to hepatobiliary disease, pancreatitis, neurocirculatory dystonia, and cholangiocarcinoma.
Clonorchis Sinensis
30
Loeffler's syndrome, acute intestinal obstruction, malabsorption syndrome. What are the two common drugs used against this parasite?
Albendazole (has more larvicidal) | Mebendazole
31
Serpiginous tracks, eosinophilic pneumonia during transpulmonary phase, chronic disease, microcytic anemia, hypoalbuminemia are seen in the acute phase of this parasite infection.
Necator and ancylostoma
32
Recatal prolapse from increased persistalsis to expel the worms are noted in this organism. It has a barrel shaped egg with bipolar plugs. What is the treatment for this organism?
Mebendazole for Trichuris trichura
33
Pruritus ani, eosinophilic enterocolitis, vulvovaginitis, appendicitis are seen in this parasite easily diagnosed with the Graham test.
Enterobius vermicularis
34
Treatment for a parasite which produces an eosinophilic pneumonia in its acute phase and serpiginous, duodenitis, paradoxical asthma, hyperinfection syndrome in its chronic phase.
Ivermectin
35
This parasite produces borborygmus in its acute disease. On its chronic disease, it produces a chronic watery diarrhea, protein-losing enteropathy, and hypogammaglobinemia. What is this organism?
Capillaria philippinensis
36
In filarial fever, what bodies are found in nocturnal wheezing (Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia)
Meyers-Kuvenaar bodisea
37
In Filariasis which species is linked to hydrocele and which species is seen presenting with elephantiasis.
Wuchereria (Water) | Brugia (Binti)
38
Fever, muscle pain, periorbital edema, eosinophilia, and hemorrhagic phenomena are seen in the acute phases of this parasite. Myocarditis, encephalitis, pneumonia, respiratory myosits is seen in the chronic phase of this disease.
Teichinella spiralis
39
Hypopigmented areas | Spaghetti / meatballs appearance on 10% KOH
Malasezzia furfur
40
Associated occupation is for gardener for this organism
Spirothrix schenckii
41
``` Lung infiltrates, adenopathy, or effusions erythema nodosum (dessert bumps) arthralgia Meningitis Spherules with endospores ```
Coccidiodes immitis
42
Closely mimics TB CHronic pneumonia erythema nodosum Tongue ulcerations in AIDS patients
Histoplasma capsulatum
43
``` Dimorphic yeast Broad-based bud chronic pneumonia ulcerated granulomas lytic bone lesions prostatitis ```
Blastomyces dermatidis
44
``` Oral thrush vulvovaginitis skin infections onychomycosis esophagitis ```
Candida albicans
45
Primary infection: Asymptomatic pneumonia Meningitis Encephalitis Pigeon droppings
Cryptococcus neoformans
46
Fungus ball in lung cavities
Asperigillus fumigatus
47
Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection with eschar formation | patients with DKA, burns, or leukemia
Mucormycosis Rhizophus oryzae and Mucor spp
48
Occurs when CD4 < 200 This is the most common AIDS defining illness diffuse interstitial pneumonia with ground glass infiltrates bilaterally 100% mortality if untreated
Pneumocystis jirovecii
49
Bacterial culture media for Clostridium perfringens
Egg yolk agar
50
Bacterial culture media for Corynebacterium diphteriae
Tellurite
51
Bacterial culture media for Group D Streptococci
Bile eschulin
52
Bacterial culture media for Staphylococci
Mannitol Salts
53
Bacterial culture media for Neisseria spp.
Chocolate agar
54
Bacterial culture media for N. gonnorhea from non sterile sites
Thayer Martin
55
Bacterial culture media for H. influenzae
Chocolate agae with Factor X & V
56
Bacteria isolated from Lowenstein-Jensen
M. Tuberulosis
57
Bacteria isolated from Thiosulfate Citrate Bile salts (TCBS)
Vibrio cholerae
58
Bacteria isolated from Bordet-Gengou & Regan Lowe
Bordatella Pertussis
59
Bacteria isolated from Charcoal-yeast extract
Legionella
60
Bacteria isolated from Skirrow agar
Campylobacter jejuni & Helicobacter pylori
61
Bacteria isolated from Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly (BSK)
Borrelia Burgdoferri
62
Bacteria isolated from Eaton agar
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
63
Bacteria isolated from Cetrimide agar
Pseudomonas Aeroginosa
64
Bacteria isolated from Xylose-Lysine-deoxycholate (XLD)
Salmonella & Shigella
65
Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson-Harris (EMJH)
Leptospirosis interrogan, Spirochete
66
``` Normal flora of the: Skin Nose Mouth Dental plaque Colon Vagina ```
``` Skin: S. epidermidis Nose: S. aureus Mouth: Viridans Streptococci Dental plaque: S. mutans Colon: Bacteroides, E. coli Vagina: Lactobacillus, E. Coli, Group B Streptococci ```
67
Gram positive cocci in clusters Catalase positive Coagulase positive
Staph aureus
68
Gram positive cocci in clusters Catalase positive coagulase negative Novobiocin sensitive
Staph epidermidis
69
Gram positive cocci in clusters Catalase positive coagulase negative Novobiocin resistant
Staph Saphrophyticus
70
Gram positive cocci in chains Catalase negative Alpha hemolytic Bile-optochin-sensitive
S. pneumoniae
71
Gram positive cocci in chains Catalase negative Alpha hemolytic Bile-optochin-resistant
Viridans
72
Gram positive cocci in chains Catalase negative Beta hemolytic Bacitracin sensitive
S. pyogenes
73
Gram positive cocci in chains Catalase negative Beta hemolytic Bacitracin resistant
S. agalactiae
74
Gram positive cocci in chains Catalase negative gamma hemolytic
Group D strep / enterococci
75
Spore-forming gram positive rods | Aerobic, nonmotile, box-car shaped
Bacillus anthracis
76
Spore-forming gram positive rodsAerobic, motile, reheated fried rice
Bacillus Cereus
77
Spore-forming gram positive rods | Anaerobic, tennis-racket-like
C. tetany
78
Spore-forming gram positive rods, anaerobic, bulging cans
C. Botulinum
79
Spore-forming gram positive rods, Anaerobic, lecithinase, gas-forming
C. perfringens
80
Spore-forming gram positive rodsAnaerobic, pseudomembranes
C. Difficile
81
Non-spore forming, gram positive rods, aerobic, non-motile, curved, chinese characters
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
82
Non-spore forming gram positive rods, aerobic, curved, tumbling motility
Listeria monocytogenes
83
Gram negative diplococci, encapsulated, ferments, maltose, and glucose
N. MeninGitidis
84
Gram negative diplococci, insignificant capsule, ferments glucose only
N. Gonorrhea
85
Gram negative rodds, enriched chocolate agar, polyribitol phosphate capsule
Hib
86
Gram negative rods, bordet gengou agar, whooping cough
Bordetella pertussis
87
Gram negative rods, poorly gram staining, silver stain, charcoal yeast agar, airconditioning
Legionella
88
Non-lactose fermenting, gram negative rods, motile oxidase negative, H2S producer
Salmonella
89
Non-lactose-fermenting, gram negative rods, non-motile, oxidase negative, H2S non-producer
Shigella
90
Non-lactose-fermenting, gram negative rods, warming, oxidase negative, H2s producer, urease
Proteus Mirabilis
91
Non-lactose-fermenting, gram negative rods, oxidase positive positive, H2S non producer, obligate aerobe
Pseudomonas aeroginosa
92
Gram negative rods, lactose fermenter, gree sheen
Escherichia Coli
93
Gram negative rods, lactose fermenter, urease positive, ESBL
Klebsiella pneumonia
94
Gram negative rods, comma-shaped, motile, oxidase positive
Vibrio cholera
95
Gram negative rods, comma-shaped, microaerophilic, skirrows agar
Campylobacter jejuni
96
Gram-negative rods, comma-shaped, urease positive
Helicobacter
97
All viruses are haploid EXCEPT
retrovirus
98
All DNA viruses have double-stranded DNA EXCEPT
Parvovirus
99
All RNA viruses have single-stranded RNA EXCEPT
Reovirus
100
All double-stranded DNA viruses are icosahedral EXCEPT
Poxvirus

Daily reviewers (7 decks)

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