Microtomy

Question 1

For cutting celloidin embedded tissues

Answer 1

Sliding microtome

Question 2

For cutting very hard tissue or blocks

Answer 2

Base-Sledge microtome

Question 3

Block remains stationary while the knife moves forward and backward; most dangerous

Answer 3

Standard sliding microtome

Question 4

Most popular and most common type; for cutting paraffin embedded tissues; microtome inside cryostats

Answer 4

Rotary microtome

Question 5

Simplest; for cutting serial sections of large blocks of paraffin embedded tissues

Answer 5

Rocking/Cambridge microtome

Question 6

For cutting unembedded frozen sections; replaced by cryostat

Answer 6

Freezing microtome

Question 7

Cutting specimen into extremely thin sections (0.5u) for EM

Answer 7

Ultrathin microtome

Question 8

Invented the sliding microtome

Answer 8

Adams

Question 9

Invented the rotary microtome

Answer 9

Minot

Question 10

Invented the rocking microtome

Answer 10

Paldwell & Trefall

Question 11

Invented the freezing microtome

Answer 11

Queckett

Question 12

Invented the ultrathin microtome

Answer 12

Germans

Question 13

One side of the knife is flat/straight while the other is concave

Answer 13

Plane concave

Question 14

Side of the knife used to cut celloidin tissues

Answer 14

Flat/straight

Question 15

Side of the knife used to cut paraffin tissues

Answer 15

Concave

Question 16

Base-sledge/Rocking/Rotary microtome

Answer 16

Plane concave

Question 17

With both sides concave (e.g. rotary microtome)

Answer 17

Biconcave

Question 18

Have both sides straight (frozen sections and extremely hard or tough specimens)

(E.g. base-sledge, sliding microtomes)

Answer 18

Plane wedge

Question 19

Most commonly used knife for section cutting at present

Answer 19

Disposable blades

Question 20

The angle formed between actual cutting edges

Answer 20

Bevel angle (27-32)

Question 21

Perfect and optimum cutting angle is obtained using maximum penetration of tissues and minimizing distortion

Answer 21

Inclination angle (15)

Question 22

To preven uneven sections (alternate thin and thick sections)

Answer 22

Clearance angle (5-10)

Question 23

Cut by rotary and rocking microtomes

Answer 23

Paraffin section (4-6u)

Question 24

Cut by sliding microtome

Answer 24

Celloidin section (10-15u)

Question 25

Unbroken sequence of sections; all sections are saved

Answer 25

Serial sections

Question 26

For fluorescent antibody staining and histochemical studies

Answer 26

Cryostat/Cold microtome

Question 27

For urgent tissue biopsies and intraoperative diagnosis

Answer 27

Cryostat/Cold microtome

Question 28

Cryostat/Cold microtome optimum working temp.

Answer 28

-5 to -30 degC or -18 to -20 degC

Question 29

Staining methods for cryostat sections

Answer 29

1) H&E staining 2) Loeffler's polychrome methylene blue

Question 30

For rapid diagnosis; for lipids and nervous tissue elements

Answer 30

Frozen sections

Question 31

Methods of preparing frozen sections

Answer 31

1) cold knife procedure 2) cryostat procedure

Question 32

Methods of freezing

Answer 32

1) Liquid nitrogen 2) Ispentane cooled by liquid nitrogen 3) Carbon dioxide gas 4) Aerosol sprays

Question 33

Preserve tissues by rapid freezing (quenching) and removing water (dessication)

Answer 33

Freeze drying

Question 34

Similar to freeze drying but tissue is fixed in Rossman's fluid or 1% acetone and dehydrated in absolute alcohol

Answer 34

Freeze substitution

Question 35

Removal of gross nicks and irregularities on knife edge

Answer 35

Honing

Question 36

Used only for badly nicked knives

Answer 36

Carborundum hone

Question 37

Stone of medium fineness

Answer 37

Arkansas stone

Question 38

The finest hone

Answer 38

Yellow Belgian/Belgium

Question 39

Oil stone

Answer 39

Belgian black vein

Question 40

Process where the burr is removed; knife is polished and sharpened

Answer 40

Stropping

Question 41

Honing direction

Answer 41

Heel to toe

Question 42

Stropping direction

Answer 42

Toe to heel

Question 43

Used for trimming and semi-thin sectioning of tissue blocks for EM

Answer 43

Glass knives

Question 44

To cut any type of resin block for EM; brittle and expensive but durable

Answer 44

Diamond knives

Question 45

Knife for cryostat

Answer 45

Magnetic knife

Question 46

Device used to flatten sections

Answer 46

Floating-out bath

Question 47

Floating-out bath thermostat

Answer 47

45 degC (45-50 degC) about 10 degC below mp of wax