Mid Term Exam Questions(Chapters 12 and 13) Flashcards

(60 cards)

1
Q

The Italian Renaissance was primarily

A

a recovery of rebirth of antiquity and Greco Roman culture

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2
Q

The wealth of the northern Italian cities that funded the Renaissance was gained mostly from

A

trade

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3
Q

According to Jacob Burckhardt, the Renaissance in Italy represented

A

a distinct break from the Middle Ages and the true birth of a modern world

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4
Q

The family of merchants and bankers who dominated Florence during the high point of the Renaissance was the

A

Medici

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5
Q

What was the commercial and military league set up off the north coast of Germany?

A

Hanseatic League

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6
Q

Castaglione’s The Courtier was a

A

very popular handbook laying out the new skills in politics, the arts, and personal comportment

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7
Q

The achievements of the Italian Renaissance were the products of

A

an elite movement, involving small numbers of wealthy patrons, artists, and intellectuals

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8
Q

The Third Estate of the fifteenth century was

A

Overwhelmingly made up of peasants

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9
Q

Slavery in Renaissance Italy

A

saw slaves from Africa and Eastern Mediterranean used mostly as courtly domestic servants and as skilled workers

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10
Q

Which of the following statements best describes marriage in Renaissance Italy?

A

Marriages were usually arranged, to strengthen familial alliances

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11
Q

By the fifteenth century, Italy was

A

dominated by five central powers

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12
Q

Perhaps the most famous of Italian ruling women was

A

Isabella d’Este

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13
Q

Machiavelli’s The Prince advocates that a successful

ruler must

A

act without scruples for the good of the state

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14
Q

Italian Renaissance humanism in the early fifteenth century, above all else

A

was based on the study of the Greco-Roman

classics

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15
Q
  1. Who said, ‘‘Christ is my God; Cicero is the prince of

the language.’

A

Petrarch

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16
Q

The Corpus Hermeticum

A

contained writings on the occult as well as theological and philosophical speculations

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17
Q

Pico della Mirandola’s Oration on the Dignity of Manstated that humans

A

could be whatever they chose or willed

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18
Q

The liberal education taught by Vittorino da Feltre

A

The liberal education taught by Vittorino da Feltre

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19
Q

Humanism’s main effect on the writing of history was

A

the secularization of historiography and the

explanation of change over time

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20
Q

The development of printing in the fifteenth century

A

ensured that literacy and new knowledge would

spread rapidly in European society

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21
Q

Italian artists in the fifteenth century began to

A

experiment in areas of perspective

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22
Q

Which pair of artists both sculpted a likeness of David?

A

Donatello and Michelangelo

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23
Q

The painter of the Rome’s Sistine Chapel ceiling was

A

Michelangelo

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24
Q

Who painted “The Last Supper”?

A

Leonardo

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25
The results of the Hundred Years' War a. reinvigorated and strengthened the French monarchy. b. caused economic turmoil in England. c. temporarily strengthened the nobility in England. d. a and b e. all of the above
e.
26
Under Ferdinand and Isabella, Spain
saw Muslim power vanish from the peninsula
27
After 1438, the position of the Holy Roman Emperor | remained in the hands of the
Habsburg Dynasty
28
John Wyclif criticized the Church for
not letting people read the Bible in the vernacular
29
The Renaissance popes did all of the following | except
attempt to return to the papacy to more humble | times
30
The Renaissance papacy
was often seen as corrupt and debauched, as | evidenced by Alexander VI
31
The northern Christian humanists
championed the study of classical and early Christian texts to reform the Catholic Church
32
The author of Utopia, a satire on European | government and society, was
Thomas More
33
In his "philosophy of Christ," Erasmus emphasized
inner piety
34
Popular religion in the Late Middle Ages and | Renaissance was marked by
greater popular belief in the spiritual utility of relics | and indulgences
35
Luther's religious crisis came to a head over his | growing belief that
no amount of good works could satisfy God's | righteousness.
36
The early fifteenth century religious reformer who | was burned at the stake was
John Hus
37
The event that eventually led to Luther's break with | the church was
widespread sale of indulgences by preaching | monks
38
The Edict of Worms
made Luther an outlaw within the Holy Roman | Empire
39
The Peasants' War of 1524-1525
was strongly opposed by Luther who saw it as a social revolution from below against God's divine order
40
Though Luther was condemned at the Diet of | Worms, he survived because he was protected by
the Elector of Saxony
41
Although Charles V had many adversaries, his chief | concern during his reign was
Francis I of France
42
The Schmalkaldic War in Germany ended in 1555 | with the
Peace of Augsburg
43
The Religious Peace of Augsburg settled the | Lutheran problem by adopting the principle that
the ruler of each territory determined the religion | there
44
Zwingli's interpretation of the Lord's Supper differed | from Luther's in that
Zwingli said the ceremony was only symbolic and that no real transformation in the bread and wine occurred
45
The Anabaptists
advocated adult baptism, and if they had been | baptized as children, a second baptism
46
The Reformation in England under Henry VIII
was triggered by Henry's desire to annul his | marriage
47
Millenarianism is the belief that
the end of the world is imminent
48
Mary I Tudor earned her nickname "bloody Mary" by | persecuting
Protestants
49
England's Queen Elizabeth could best be described | as a
moderate Protestant
50
Which of the following are among the chief | characteristics of John Calvin's reform movement?
predestination and the absolute sovereignty of God
51
The Reformation changed conceptions of the family | by
extolling the superior state of marriage over celibacy
52
The Reformation affected the development of | education in Europe by
expanding public access to primary schooling and improving secondary schooling through gymnasiums and ministerial training.
53
The Reformation successfully abolished all of the following from the lives of Europe's Protestant community except for
taverns
54
Loyola was the founder of
the Society of Jesus
55
The Catholic Reformation's ultimate refusal to | compromise with Protestantism was exemplified by
the Roman Inquisition and the creation of the Index
56
The Council of Trent
reaffirmed traditional Catholic beliefs against the | Reformation
57
The Edict of Nantes was all of the following except it a. was an acknowledgment that Catholicism was the official religion in France. b. expelled the Huguenots from France. c. recognized the rights of the Protestant minority. d. was a political decision. e. was an attempt to reduce religious violence in France.
b. expelled the Huguenots from France.
58
The greatest advocate of militant Catholicism was
Philip II of Spain.
59
The importation of silver from the New World to | Spain resulted in
inflation
60
Victory over the Spanish Armada at the end of the | sixteenth century was achieved by
England