Middle Ages-the Town and Religion and Normans

Question 1

Describe the high street

Answer 1

This was the only street that was paved or lined with wood and only important buildings were along the high street

Question 2

What was a curfew

Answer 2

This was the time that all fires had to be out by in the town, because houses were made of wood they were strict on fire safety

Question 3

What and where was the annual fair

Answer 3

It was held on the fair green outside the town walls and it lasted about three weeks, merchants came from all over the world and craftspeople bought materials, there was also entertainments

Question 4

Tell me about sewers in the Middle Ages

Answer 4

There were none and there was only an open drain that ran down the middle of the street

Question 5

What was leprosy

Answer 5

This was a disease, sores broke out all over people’s body and lepors were not allowed to mix with other people. It was a skin disease

Question 6

When did the Black Death start

Answer 6

1347

Question 7

How many people died from the plague

Answer 7

About one third of the population

Question 8

Where did the bubonic plague come from

Answer 8

Fleas on black rats

Question 9

Who died the most from the bubonic plague. What class?

Answer 9

The rich people as they lived in the city and the city was a dirty filthy place

Question 10

What was a charter

Answer 10

A charter was a legal document in which the king agreed to let a town run its own affairs. Under the charter the townspeople would elect a council to run the town

Question 11

Who were the rulers of the town

Answer 11

The members of the guilds

Question 12

What was a guild

Answer 12

An organisation that every craft person had to belong to each craft had a guild

Question 13

What is a craftsperson

Answer 13

A person who has learnt a craft. Ex: weaver/carpenter

Question 14

How did each guild regulate its trade

Answer 14

They set examinations to make sure craft people were good at their craft.
Set standards of work and decent wages
It looked after sick members and paid for their funeral
Women were only allowed become members if their husband died and they wanted to continue on the craft

Question 15

What were the stages of becoming a craftsperson

Answer 15

Apprentice, journeyman and master

Question 16

What age did you become an apprentice and what did you do

Answer 16

You became an apprentice at 12 years of age, and stayed an apprentice for seven years and he had to learn the trade. The apprentice worked without pay

Question 17

What was a journey man

Answer 17

An apprentice became a journeyman after seven years and was paid to work. He could leave his master and travel around looking for better wages, ex. We know masons travelled all over Europe and built churches

Question 18

What did a master do and how did you become one

Answer 18

To become a master you had to create a masterpiece. Then you could have your own workshop and sell goods in the town. Along with the masterpiece you had to pay a lot of money to the guild. Most journeymen didn’t become masters as they couldn’t afford it.

Question 19

What was the main religion in Western Europe during the Middle Ages

Answer 19

Christian

Question 20

What were the duties of the parish priest

Answer 20

Say mass
To teach people about Christianity
Gave them sacraments
Performed funerals
They also sometimes taught the lords children, also he helped them with legal documents, as the priest was usually the only one who was educated in the town

Question 21

What were parishes grouped into

Answer 21

Dioceses

Question 22

Who ruled over the diocese

Answer 22

Bishop

Question 23

Who ruled over all of the dioceses

Answer 23

The pope

Question 24

Why did people build church buildings in the Middle Ages

Answer 24

They did this to honour their God and also to show how rich and powerful they were.

Question 25

What were the two styles of church buildings

Answer 25

Romanesque and gothic

Question 26

Describe a Romanesque church (characteristics)

Answer 26

A square towers
Round arches
Thick round columns
Dark interior

Question 27

Describe a gothic church (characteristics)

Answer 27

Spires
Pointed arches
Slim columns
Stained glass windows
Stone Statues
Flying buttresses

Question 28

What were flying butteresses

Answer 28

They used them to hold up the roof rather than using thick walls, this allowed them to build huge windows

Question 29

What did the Normans bring to Ireland in the 1200s

Answer 29

The feudal system

Question 30

Where were the Normans from

Answer 30

They descended from Vikings and settled in Normandy France.

Question 31

How did the Normans come to Ireland

Answer 31

The king of Leinster Dermot McMurrough invited the Normans to Ireland. He wanted them to help him defeat the other kings and make himself high king of Ireland.

Question 32

Who was the head of the monastries

Answer 32

Abbot or abbess

Question 33

What was the church

Answer 33

This was where the monks prayed seven times each day

Question 34

What was the dormitory

Answer 34

Where the monks slept

Question 35

What were the cloisters

Answer 35

The cloisters were where the monks walked and prayed

Question 36

What was the chapter house

Answer 36

This was where monks met to discuss business and to elect the abbot

Question 37

What was the infirmary

Answer 37

This was where the sick were nursed

Question 38

What was the library

Answer 38

This was where the monks studied sometimes the scriptorium was in the library

Question 39

What was the guesthouse

Answer 39

Where the hosteller gave food to poor and travellers

Question 40

When a boy joined a monastry what was hé called and what did he do

Answer 40

A novice and they learned the rules to see if this life suited him and then if the abbot thought he would make a good monk he let him takes solemn vows

Question 41

What were solemn vows

Answer 41

These were promises of poverty (must not own anything) chastity (must not marry) and obedience

Question 42

What way did monks wear their hair

Answer 42

Their hair was cut into a tonsure. This was a bald patch in the middle of his head. This showed he was a monk

Question 43

What was a toll

Answer 43

This was a tax that traders had to pay at the town gates