Midterm #1

Question 1

Give an example of a zootoxin.

Answer 1

Venom

Question 2

Give an example of a disease for which pruritis would be a common symptom.

Answer 2

Ringworm

Question 3

Give an example of an acute disease.

Answer 3

The flu

Question 4

A disease that tends to stick around and which is hard to get rid of or which frequently reoccurs is referred to as a __________ disease.

Answer 4

Chronic

Question 5

Term used to refer to a disease that can be shared between animals and humans

Answer 5

Zoonotic

Question 6

Term used to describe a toxin produced by a mold or fungus

Answer 6

Mycotoxin

Question 7

Give an example of an infectious contagious disease

Answer 7

Pinkeye

Question 8

________ are tube-like structures that bacteria possess that allow them to attach to one another and exchange plasmids

Answer 8

Pili

Question 9

Term used to describe a small, protected reproductive form of a fungus that can survive years in the environment

Answer 9

Spore

Question 10

Give an example of a spirillium type bacteria

Answer 10

Leptospirosis

Question 11

The collective finding of Jenner, Pasteur, Delafond and Koch showing that microorganisms cause disease is known as the _______________

Answer 11

Germ Theory of Disease

Question 12

Fungi can reproduce sexually through meiosis, via spores, or via _______________ _______________

Answer 12

Mycelial fragmentation

Question 13

Define virus

Answer 13

An infective agent that contains a protein coat surrounding an RNA or DNA core of genetic material. They are easily transmitted, often contagious, and can’t live or reproduce independently.

Question 14

A ________ is an extra-chromosomal piece of DNA that many bacteria have. It can reproduce independently and often contains antibiotic resistance genes

Answer 14

Plasmid

Question 15

Term used to describe animals that are infected with a disease, but do not show any clinical signs or symptoms

Answer 15

Carrier

Sub clinical

Question 16

Term used to describe how capable a pathogen is of causing disease

Answer 16

Pathogenicity

Question 17

Some T-cells must mature in the organ

Answer 17

Thymus

Question 18

What are the two types of lymphocytes?

Answer 18

B-Cells

T-Cells

Question 19

The most common type of leukocyte

Answer 19

Granulocytes

Question 20

Type of antibody that binds allergens and triggers allergic responses

Answer 20

IgE

Question 21

________ _________ are microorganisms normally found on it in an animal that do not cause disease and provide competition for pathogenic microorganisms

Answer 21

Normal microflora

Question 22

Type of vaccine made specifically for a pathogen on your farm

Answer 22

Autogenous vaccine

Question 23

Define cell-mediated immunity

Answer 23

Immunity mediated by T-Cells

Question 24

What does a phenol coefficient measure?

Answer 24

The ability of the disinfectant to kill typhoid fever organisms

Question 25

How do quaternary amines work as a disinfectant? (Mechanism)

Answer 25

Inactivates enzymes to disrupt the cell membrane

Question 26

Briefly explain how formaldehyde-based disinfectants work

Answer 26

They fix or denature proteins on the surface of the pathogen

Question 27

Pregnancy tests are an example of a

Answer 27

ELISA

Question 28

What do RIA’s and ELISA’s have in common?

Answer 28

They both rely on antibodies

Question 29

What does ELISA stand for?

Answer 29

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Question 30

What tests can be used to detect if an animal had antibodies against a disease in their blood?

Answer 30

ELISA

RIA

Question 31

What makes dead animals less than ideal for necropsies?

Answer 31

Upon death, other microbes may proliferate and obscure the pathogen that truly caused its death

Question 32

List three acceptable methods for euthanizing a newborn lamb

Answer 32

CO2 Chamber
Electrocution
Captive Bolt

Question 33

At what point is an animals immune protection the lowest?

Answer 33

When they’re newborns