midterm Flashcards
(112 cards)
1
Q
two time periods of history
1. BC
2. AD
A
- before Christ
- anno Domini (“in the year of our Lord”)
2
Q
three eras of history and their years
A
- ancient history (4000 BC - AD 500)
- medieval history (AD 500 - AD 1500)
- modern history (AD 1500 - present)
3
Q
theory man came from apes and creation was by chance
A
evolution
4
Q
God has supreme power over all nations, rulers, and individuals
A
sovereign
5
Q
worship of man
A
humanism
6
Q
large group of people who think of themselves as one and act in history as a single entity
A
nation
7
Q
focal point of all history
A
Jesus Christ’s first advent to earth
8
Q
home of the first civilizations
A
Fertile Crescent / Cradle of Civilization
9
Q
first postdiluvian civilization
A
Sumerians
10
Q
way of life for a group of people
A
culture
11
Q
Sumerian language that was their greatest contribution to civilization
A
cuneiform
12
Q
history’s second great empire builder and first great king of the Sumerians
A
Sargon of Akkad
13
Q
land between the rivers
A
Mesopotamia
14
Q
first empire to rule the Middle East after Babylon
A
Old Babylonian Empire
15
Q
king of the Old Babylonian Empire known for his law codes
A
Hammurabi
16
Q
first people to use iron extensively
A
Hittites
17
Q
aggressive people that had the capital city of Nineveh
A
Assyrians
18
Q
Assyrian who built the world’s first great library
A
Ashurbanipal
19
Q
destroyed the temple for the first time
A
Neo-Babylonian Empire
20
Q
Neo-Babylonian king who built the Hanging Gardens had Daniel as an important official
A
Nebuchadnezzar
21
Q
one of the Jews taken captive by the Babylonians that advised several kings
A
Daniel
22
Q
(1.) defeated the Neo-Babylonian empire with their great leader (2.)
A
- Persia
- Cyrus the Great
23
Q
Persian leader who married Esther (also called Xerxes)
A
Ahasuerus
24
Q
land Abraham was promised (name all three names)
A
(Canaan, Palestine), or Israel
25
man called from Ur and given a promise from God; father of a great nation
Abraham
26
man after God's own heart; second king of Israel; greatest king of Israel
David
27
wisest king of Israel; built the temple
Solomon (under him and David, Israel was the greatest nation in the world (1000 BC))
28
religion whose god was Allah
Islam
29
founder of Islam
Mohammed
30
largest continent
Asia
31
subcontinent
India
32
location of Mount Everest (highest point on earth)
Himalayas
33
hordes of fierce barbarians who invaded India from the northwest
Aryans
34
religion of India that recognized Brahma (absolute, impersonal spirit) and reincarnation to reach spiritual perfection
Hinduism
35
social arrangement of India with four divisions
caste system
36
native Indian family that drove out the Greeks and established the first Indian empire
Mauryan Empire
37
greatest ruler of the Mauryas
Asoka
38
founder of Buddhism
Siddhartha Gautama
39
religion that says human desire is the cause of all suffering and is focused on the Middle Way (self-denial) and tries to reach nirvana
Buddha
40
empire that inaugurated India's golden age
Guptas
41
empire of India responsible for the Taj Mahal
Mogul Empire
42
"Middle Country"
Chung-kuo (ancient name for China)
43
largest continental empire in history was with the Chinese _____dynasty
Mongol
44
emperor of the Mongol Empire
Genghis Khan
45
nephew of Genghis Khan in the Yuan dynasty around Marco Polo's time
Kublai Khan
46
Italian merchant that explored China during the Yuan dynasty
Marco Polo
47
the gift of the Nile
Egypt
48
first Egyptian king who united Upper and Lower Egypt
Menes
49
Greek father of history
Rosetta Stone
50
dark continent
Africa
51
Greek poet who wrote the Iliad and Odyssey
Homer
52
Spartan leader who led 300 men to stall while everyone else fled
Leonidas
53
brought Athens to its fullest measure
Pericles
54
war where Sparta fought Athens
Peloponnesian War (Sparta won)
55
what was Athens known for
their government (representative democracy); and they were a city-state
56
wars between Carthage and Rome
Punic Wars (Rome won)
57
Carthage's leader who brought war elephants to fight Rome during the Second Punic War
Hannibal
58
strong Macedonian leader who conquered a large amount of land and spread Greek culture before his death
Alexander the Great
59
Julius Caesar crossed the ______
Rubicon
60
first emperor of Rome
Caesar Augustus
61
first Christian emperor of Rome
Constantine I
62
ruled the empire during the earthly ministry of Jesus Christ and at the time of the Savior’s death, resurrection, and ascension around A.D. 30
Tiberius
63
200 years of peace in Rome under Caesar Augustus
Pax Romana
64
first Roman emperor to extensively persecute Christians
Nero
65
who wrote the book of Revelation
John
66
year the entire Bible was completed
AD 100
67
theory Jesus gave Peter authority over the church, which was then passed down to others after him that is part of Catholicism
Petrine Theory
68
means of grace that salvation "depended on"
sacraments
69
gave the English the Bible in their own tongue after hand translating it from Latin to English
John Wycliffe
70
idea of withdrawing from society to really develop your faith
monasticism (hermits lived alone, monks and nuns lived in monasteries and convents)
71
John Wycliffe's followers
Lollards
72
most famous Mayor of the Palace
Charles Martel
73
first Emperor of the Romans who began the Holy Roman Empire
Otto the Great
74
John Huss was martyred and John Wycliffe was declared a heretic in the ______
Council of Constance
75
a way of life based upon the ownership and use of land
feudalism
76
holy wars
crusades (there were 6)
77
pope who called for the start of the crusades
Pope Urban II
78
famous painter who made the Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci (also made Mona Lisa)
79
the David sculpture was made by
Michelangelo
80
created the printing press
Johann Gutenberg
81
first great English king
Alfred the Great (Anglo-Saxon)
82
William the Conqueror won the Battle of Hastings and he was _____
Norman
83
began the Plantagenet line of kings
Henry II
84
war between France and England that was long
Hundred Years' War (France won)
85
the war between the Lancasters and Yorks
War of Roses (Lancasters won (Tudors))
86
where did Christopher Columbus land
San Salvador
87
printed the first edition of the Greek New Testament
Desiderius Erasmus
88
what started the Modern Ages
the Protestant Reformation
89
began the Protestant Reformation with the Ninety-five Theses
Martin Luther
90
who started the Jesuits
Ignatius Loyola
91
French Calvinist Protestants
Huguenots
92
treaty that gave official approval for territorial, state-established churches
Peace of Augsburg
93
Father of Dutch Liberties
William the Silent
94
Henry VIII's three wives in order and their children
1. Catherine of Aragon: Mary was her daughter
2. Anne Boleyn: Elizabeth was her daughter
3. Jane Seymour: Edward was her son
95
Elizabeth I dealt with what two Catholic nations
Scotland and Spain
96
the outstanding leader of the Scottish Reformation who caused several issues for Mary Stuart
John Knox
97
Edward VI's Protestant advisor
Thomas Cranmer
98
Swedish warrior-king who helped the German Protestants gain the upper hand
Gustavus Adolphus
99
ended the Thirty Years' War
Peace of Westphalia
100
name for scientists before the modern age
natural philosophers
101
discovered the heliocentric view
Nicholas Copernicus
102
discovered the three laws of planetary motion
Johannes Kepler
103
scientist who built a telescope
Galileo Galilei
104
responsible for the universal law of gravitation
Isaac Newton
105
solidified the scientific method
Francis Bacon
106
the first scientific organization
the Royal Society
107
the music capital of the world
Germany
108
a work of superior excellence that has stood the test of time—a work for people of all ages
classic
109
most recognized chorale piece in the world
the Hallelujah Chorus
110
father of English hymn
Isaac Watt
111
known for his 5th and 9th Symphonies
Ludwig van Beethoven
112
greatest Dutch master of art
Rembrandt van Rijn
