MIDTERM

Question 1

Name the parts of the feather
1-3, 5

Answer 1

1 Vane
2 Rachis
3 Barb
5 Calamus

Question 2

The purpose of the air sacs in the bird is:
1. to support the production of eggs
2. to enhance the immune system
3. to gas exchange in addition to the lungs
4. to create a continuous stream of air across the lungs

Answer 2

4. to create a continuous stream of air across the lungs

Question 3

Structure indicated by the arrow is:
1. faevoli
2. cloaca
3. glottis
4. choanae

Answer 3

4. choanae

Question 4

The most amount of blood that should be drawn from an ill bird is
a. 5% of body weight
b. 1 ml
c. 0.5% of body weight
d. 1% of body weight

Answer 4

c. 0.5% of body weight

Question 5

The recommended site for blood collection in the avian is
1. femoral vein
2. left jugular vein
3. saphenous vein
4. right jugular vein

Answer 5

4. right jugular vein

Question 6

“Bumblefoot” (pododermatitis) in birds may be caused by
1. Hypovitaminosis D
2. Iron toxicity
3. Lead toxicity
4. Hypovitaminosis A

Answer 6

4. Hypovitaminosis A

Question 7

Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD) is caused by
1. virus
2. bacteria
3. dermatophyte

Answer 7

1. virus

Question 8

This budgie should be evaluated for:
1. Giardia
2. Knemidokoptes mite
3. Salmonella
4. Sarcoptes mite

Answer 8

2. Knemidokoptes mite

Question 9

Foods high in Vitamin A include:
1. broccoli, carrots, cantaloupe, peaches
2. seeds
3. nuts
4. bread and noodles

Answer 9

1. broccoli, carrots, cantaloupe, peaches

Question 10

Metabolic Bone Disease of birds or reptiles is due to
1. low calcium diets
2. all choices are correct
3. high oxalate diets
4. high phosphorous diets

Answer 10

2. all choices are correct

Question 11

Hepatic Lipidosis in overweight birds or reptiles is due to
1. anorexia
2. Vitamin D deficiency
3. Vitamin E deficiency
4. high protein diets

Answer 11

1. anorexia

Question 12

Using the word list identify the bones indicated:
clavicle, coracoid, humerus, radius, ulna, alula, scapula
3, 4, 21, 22, 23, 27

Answer 12

3 Clavicle
4 Coracoid
21 Humerus
22 Ulna
23 Radius
27 Alula

Question 13

This snake in her nest is:
1. viviparous
2. poikilothermic
3. endothermic
4. oviparous

Answer 13

4. oviparous
   - Lay eggs outside of their bodies

Vivi: give birth to live young ones.
Poiki: internal temperature varies with the surrounding environment.
Endo: rely on external sources of heat to regulate their body temp

Question 14

Preferred Optimal Temperature Zone (POTZ) affects
1. drug absorption
2. all choices are correct
3. drug elimination
4. drug metabolism

Answer 14

2. all choices are correct

Question 15

Medications should be injected into the cranial 1/3 of the reptile body due to
1. low perfusion in cranial body
2. renal-portal system
3. hepatic-portal system
4. pampiniform plexus

Answer 15

2. renal-portal system

Question 16

Identify the indicated internal organs of the fish indicated utilizing words from the list:
lateral line; kidney, liver, heart, gill, swim bladder, stomach, spleen.
B, C, D, E, K

Answer 16

B - Gill
C - Stomach
D - Kidney
E - Swim bladder
K - Heart

Question 17

Most diseases of the reptile are due to
1. trauma
2. parasite infections
3. poor husbandry (housing & nutrition)
4. bacterial infections

Answer 17

3. poor husbandry (housing & nutrition)

Question 18

Identify the structures using words from the list: 1 & 3
spectacle, choanae, glottis, fang, scute

Answer 18

1 Fang
3 Glottis

Question 19

This instrument is used to
1. removal of shedding skin
2. making cupcakes for your reptile
3. rotating reptile eggs during incubation
4. atraumatic opening of reptile mouth

Answer 19

4. atraumatic opening of reptile mouth

Question 20

To collect urine from a turtle/tortoise
1. startle with loud noise
2. it is not possible to collect urine from a turtle
3. pick them up
4. pass a urinary catheter into the anus

Answer 20

3. pick them up

Question 21

Infectious Stomatitis in reptiles
1. only occurs in snakes
2. may be triggered by environment below POTZ
3. all choices are correct
4. is caused by viral infection

Answer 21

2. may be triggered by environment below POTZ

Question 22

T/F: Pneumonia in turtles may be caused by Hypovitaminosis A.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

T/F: The most common area of SQ fluid administration in birds is the dorsal cervical area.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

T/F: The Vet Tech should always wear leather gloves and eye protection when handling raptors of any size.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Goiter in reptiles and birds is caused by 1. feeding diets high in iodine 2. feeding diets that bind calcium 3. feeding diets that bind iodine 4. feeding diets high in calcium

Answer 25

3. feeding diets that BIND iodine

Question 26

T/F: It is not possible to perform a urinalysis in birds due to fecal contamination.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

T/F: "Tail autonomy" in lizards means that they have no conscious control of the tail in a normal animal.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

The names of the salmon life stages in order is: 1. egg, alevin, fry, smolt, adult 2. egg, smolt, fry, alvein, adult 3. egg, fry, alevin, smolt, adult 4. egg, redd, alvein, fry, adult

Answer 28

1. egg, alevin, fry, smolt, adult

Question 29

T/F: Dysecdysis is "difficulty laying eggs."

Answer 29

False

Question 30

The function of the Lateral Line in fish is 1. to detect movement, vibrations and pressure in the water. 2. to detect orientation in the water

Answer 30

1. to detect movement, vibrations and pressure in the water.

Question 31

The swim bladder (physoclistic) of fish is filled with 1. nitrogen from the kidneys 2. carbon dioxide from the blood stream 3. oxygen from the blood stream 4. gravel to control buoyancy

Answer 31

3. oxygen from the blood stream

Question 32

T/F: Ivermectin should not be given to turtles with gastrointestinal parasites.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

List three possible tests to evaluate a bird with diarrhea.

Answer 33

1. Fecal analysis 2. CBC & chem 3. Gram stain

Question 34

Describe technique for gavage tube feeding birds. (3)

Answer 34

Measure gavage to patient's CROP and palpate esophagus before placing. Keep patient in a comfortable upright position. Watch for regurgitation and aspiration.

Question 35

List three possible causes of diarrhea in birds.

Answer 35

1. Nutrition 2. Parasites in GI 3. Toxins

Question 36

List three possible problems feeding carnivorous diet to omnivore reptiles. (you got 2/6 points)

Answer 36

1. Metabolic bone disease 2. Lose vitamin E if frozen over 3 months 3. Prey may attack reptile 4. Some reptile won't eat live prey if they aren't trained 5. Vitamin deficiencies (ex: A) 6. Iodine deficiency

Question 37

Discuss safe practices for environmental temperature control in reptiles. (3) (you got 2.5/3 points)

Answer 37

Need proper UV light (change q 6mo) Must provide heat source that reptile is able to get away from (ex: half of enclosure heated) and have thermometer to regulate temperature in enclosure. This is to make sure patient has proper heating and has the ability to get away if needed/wanted (too hot, etc). Provide adequate HUMIDITY & shallow water source daily and proper way of hydrating for reptile

Question 38

When restraining a bird, the Vet Tech should 1. avoid the keel 2. all choices are correct 3. control the wings against patient's body 4. use a towel to avoid contact with feathers

Answer 38

2. all choices are correct