Midterm 2

Question 1

Who believed intelligence was fixed

Answer 1

Galton

Question 2

Binet

Answer 2

Made the first intelligence test

Question 3

Who standardized Binet’s test

Answer 3

Terman

Question 4

flynn effect

Answer 4

IQ test increase each year

Question 5

Robert Sternberg 3 types

Answer 5

analytical
creative
practical

Question 6

Cattel

Answer 6

said fluid or crystallized

Question 7

Is genetics heritable

Answer 7

yes (50-70%)

Question 8

range of reaction theory

Answer 8

our environment determines to which degree our genes are expressed

Question 9

Defining characteristics of motivation

Answer 9

motivation can differ
behaviour = same

Question 10

Biological motivations

Answer 10

equilibrium/homeostasis/drives

Question 11

Drive reduction theory

Answer 11

any behaviour that has a positive outcome will be repeated; more out of equilibrium = stronger drive

Question 12

Individual motivations

Answer 12

intrinsic vs. extrinsic

Question 13

Over justification effect

Answer 13

decrease intrinsic as a result of an external reward

Question 14

self-efficacy

Answer 14

motivation comes from the expectations of the consequences of our behaviour (don’t press this button)

Question 15

Social motivations

Answer 15

achievement/affiliation/intimacy

Question 16

grehlin

Answer 16

released by stomach, goes to hypothalamus, tells body its hungry

Question 17

orexin

Answer 17

released by the hypothalamus, makes your hungry

Question 18

leptin

Answer 18

stops hunger

Question 19

anorexia nervosa

Answer 19

super low body weight, fear of eating, body dysmorphia

Question 20

bulimia nervosa

Answer 20

overeating then purging, avoidance of gaining weight

Question 21

binge eating

Answer 21

intense eating followed by intense guilt

Question 22

hypothalamus for sex

Answer 22

ability to have sex

Question 23

nucleus accumbens for sex

Answer 23

motivation for sex

Question 24

Sexual response cycle

Answer 24

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

Question 25

emotion

Answer 25

intense effective state, continuosly experienced, short lived

Question 26

mood

Answer 26

long-term, not always continuosly experienceed

Question 27

sudden change in effective state

Answer 27

emotion

Question 28

common sense view

Answer 28

stimulus -> emotional response -> physiological response

Question 29

James Lange theory

Answer 29

stimulus -> physiological response -> emotional response

Question 30

cannon-bard theory

Answer 30

emotional & physiological at the same time

Question 31

Schachler-singer two factor theory

Answer 31

cognitive label & physiological response -> emotional response

Question 32

Lazarus' cognitive mediational theory

Answer 32

stimulus -> appraisal -> cognitive interpretation -> emotional response

Question 33

Ledoux fast-and-slow paths

Answer 33

low road bypasses thinking because emotions are immediate

Question 34

Ledoux fast path

Answer 34

thalamus to amygdala

Question 35

Ledoux slow path

Answer 35

thalamus to cortex to amygdala

Question 36

amygdala (basolateral complex) for emotion

Answer 36

pairs emotion and response - appraisal

Question 37

central nucleus

Answer 37

connected to the hypothalamus and endocrine

Question 38

cortex

Answer 38

higher-order thinking / memories

Question 39

hippocampus

Answer 39

integrating emotional experience with cognition

Question 40

display rule

Answer 40

what we expect an emotional response to be

Question 41

two types of stress

Answer 41

response based and stimulus based

Question 42

Response based stress

Answer 42

in terms of a set of physiological responses

Question 43

sympathetic adrenal medullary system (SAM)

Answer 43

fast, nervous system, epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 44

hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA)

Answer 44

slower, endocrine system, cortisol

Question 45

stimulus-based stress

Answer 45

traumatic life events/life changes/hassles

Question 46

general adaptation system

Answer 46

alarm phase, resistance, exhaustion

Question 47

Lazarus' appraisal model of stress

Answer 47

primary appraisal to secondary appraisal

Question 48

primary appraisal of stress

Answer 48

does this matter to me

Question 49

secondary appraisal of stress

Answer 49

can I cope with this

Question 50

emotion-focused stress strategies

Answer 50

attempt to reduce negative emotions

Question 51

problem-focused stress strategies

Answer 51

attempt to address the root cause of the stress not the symptoms

Question 52

emotion-focused examples

Answer 52

positive comparisons Seeking positives cognitive reframing