Midterm 2 Lecture 13 Flashcards
What isn’t absorption of nutrients
Transport into enterocytes
What is passive transport
When a molecule can just diffuse through the membrane with no energy being required
Or
Facilitated diffusion which means the molecule needs to go through trans membrane protein but with no energy
What is the process of the transmembrane
A transmembrane protein will be on top of the cell and then it recognizes a particular molecule and it makes a path to then enter the cell
What is a active transport
When energy is required to get the nutrient inside the cell
What is needed for the nutrient to get to the cell when in active transport
A reaction needs to happen where energy then expands
What nutrients enter the cell active or facilities transport
Carbohydrates,amino acids,and minerals
What type of carbohydrate molecules can be transported
Only monosaccharides (single molecules) like glucose,galactose and fructose
How does the glucose and galactose carbohydrate get transported
By active transport
How does fructose the carbohydrate get transported
By facilitated transport
How do amino acids get transported into enterocytes
Some are active and some are facilitated
How are minerals transported into enterocytes
They’re co transported in with sugars(glucose and galactose) or amino acids
What nutrients get in by passive transport (diffusion)
Fats,vitamins, and water
How does fat get transported into enterocytes
It gets broken down into fatty acids and monoglycerides which then diffuse in
What happens to fats when it gets into the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
They get remade into triglycerides to be packaged into chylomicorn which makes the fat soluble for the circulation in the lymphatic system
How do vitamins get into the enterocytes
They go in with the fat but they diffuse across the membrane
How does water enter the enterocytes
By osmosis
What is the order of energy use
Body maintenance—> reproduction —> lactation—-> and storage
When does energy go to storage and when is it used
When there’s excess energy it goes to storage. It’s used when not enough energy is provided in the diet
Energy utilization chart
- feed intake
- Gross energy lost -> in feces
– energy - ## digestible energyenergy lost -> in urine and gases
- metabolizable energy - energy lost -> in form of heat
- net energy splits into maintenance and production
What is digestibility
The portion of The diet that can actually be broken down and used by the animal
How is digestibily determined
nutrient intake - nutrient in feces/nutrient intake x 100
What does nutrient digestibility depend on
Feed type, quality/composition of ration, animal factors
What are the animal factors that affect digestibility
Age,genetics,environment
What is total digestible nutrients (TDN)
A approximation of the energy value
