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Sociology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

achieved vs ascribed

A 
achieved status- control of social ranking (class system) based on skill, knowledge, ability
ascribed- born into status, no control of social category (caste system) ex. age, gender, race, harijan
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2
Q

example of norm

A

cover your mouth when you yawn

dont kill a human being

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3
Q

example of more
folkway
taboo

A

more- dishonesty, fraud
folkway- do your hw, shake hands when introduced
taboo- murder, rape, shooting

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4
Q

3 types of norms are?

A

more
folkway
taboo

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5
Q

more

A

socially significant norms; part of low, violating = serious business

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6
Q

folkways

A

right thing to do, customary, violating=shame, but not violating law (common customs)

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7
Q

taboos

A

acts considered by a society as horrible, unspeakable (takes more and goes 1 step further)

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8
Q

in groups

A

group of 1 person belongs to & identifies with

ex. member of street gang- sharks

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9
Q

out groups

A

any group 1 does NOT belong to or identify with

ex. rival street gang

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10
Q

primary groups

A

small group of ppl interact over long period of time, direct impersonal basis
ex. clique of pals

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11
Q

secondary groups

A

interaction is impersonal & temporary

ex. language arts class, know very few ppl

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12
Q

reference group

A

any group 1 identifies w/ & whose values/ attitudes are adopted
ex. clergy nuns, priests, at your church

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13
Q

highest and lowest status/role in class survey

A

highest- captain of football team

lowest- quiet kid

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14
Q

counterculture links off subcult.

A

group of drug addicts who reside in a crack house

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15
Q

subculture

A

neighborhood in chinatown

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16
Q

group of teens break into neighbors house while gone, steal family car this is…

A

burglary

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17
Q

whats shoplifting classified as?

A

larceny theft

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18
Q

what are the personal/violent crimes?

A

homicide - most common, intraracial & acquainted, handgun
Rape- intraracial & acquainted
Assaut- attack on 1 person
robbery- taking of property by threat or threat of force

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19
Q

what are the property crimes?

A

burglary- taking of property by tresspasing- a private place
larceny theft- taking of property from a public place
-shop lifting -only crime women almost exceed men
-most common of the 8 crimes
arson- burning
auto theft- stealing a car

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20
Q

labeling

A

when ppl classify you as deviant, they treat you differently, & you behave as they expect you to behave w/ this deviant classification

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21
Q

differential association

A

if you associate w/ bad ppl, you’ll do bad things

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22
Q

strain

A

says that the impersonal society of ours leads us to not recognize how to act properly, thus encouraging deviance. when 1 cannot meet their goals, they get frustrated and act incorrectly

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23
Q

5 adaptation patterns of strain/anomie theory?

A 
conformist
innovation
ritualism
retreatist
rebellion
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24
Q

conformist

Study These Flashcards
A

accept culturally approved goals and the means of achieving them, efforts involve legitamate means
ex. members of american society follow the law

25
ritualism
impossible to achieve cultural goals by acceptable means, abandon goals while achieving the avg ex. worker passes up promotion bc afraid of failure
26
innovation
accept cultural goals of society, dont accept means of achieving them ex. drug dealers, burglars
27
retreatist
reject both cultural goals & means of achieving them, no effort (drop out of society) ex. drug addicts, beggars
28
rebellion
substitute new goals & means for the currently approved set
29
crime most frequently committed in class self crime report? which is the least? how often were ppl caught>
msot frequently- marijuana use least- homicide, rape, arson, prostitution, concealed weapon violation caught- 0%
30
anticipatory socialization
important part of adolescent development which involves learning the rights, obligations, & expectations of a role to prepare for assuming the role in the future ex. part time job or datin
31
rites of passage
event signifying passage from 1 stage of life to another | ex. sweet 16, graduation, marriage, having a kid, retirement
32
4 major agents of socialization?
family peers school mass media
33
functions of deviance?
``` clarifies norms unifies group diffuses tension promotes social change provides jobs ```
34
functions of dating?
``` entertainment socialization source of mate selection source of status attainment companionship ```
35
upper class
education- prestigious universities housing- luxiorious homes occupations- owners of large business, top positions in gov, private enterprise leisure-exclusive resort vacations, giving to charity
36
poverty level in us?
determined by calculating cost of adequate diet times 3 bc ppl spend 1/3 income on food just under 24,5000/yr for family of 4
37
what % america under poverty level?
14.5% of population
38
type of person most likely to be adversely affected by poverty?
race- blacks & hispanics age- children(-18) gender- female
39
how is social class determined?
wealth, prestige, power
40
what are the patterns of minority group treatment?
``` cultural pluralism assimilation legal protection subjagation extermination/genocide population transfer ```
41
increase or decrease distance btwn minority and majority group? cultural pluralism
clutural pluralism- permitting ethnic/racial groups to retain own unique cultural identities & customs DECREASE ex. greek festival
42
assimilation
melting pot of all racial and ethnic groups into 1 culture DECREASE ex. america permits immigrants
43
subjagation
deliberate attempt to control a minority group INCREASE ex.slavery in US
44
legal protection
laws enacted to protect rights of minority groups that have faced discrimination DECREASE ex. civil rights act
45
population transfer
forcible relocation of a minority group INCREASE ex. trail of tears
46
extermination/genocide
deliberate attempt to destroy a group of ppl INCREASE ex. hitlers solution (holocaust)
47
active bigots
discriminate and are prejudiced
48
timid bigots
are prejudiced | no discrimination
49
all-weather liberals
neither prejudiced or discriminate
50
fair-weather liberals
discriminate | not prejudiced
51
discrimination
denial of equal treatment to individuals based on their group membership (its a behavior) ex. jim crow laws, name calling at blacks
52
prejudice
unsupported generalization about a category of ppl (its an attitude) ex. not liking ppl bc they are black
53
racism
belief that ones own race or ethnic group is naturally superior to others ex. caucasions are better then blacks
54
stereotyping
unfair, sweeping generalization made about a group of ppl about a particular characteristic ex. all irish ppl are hot tempered
55
forms of social interaction
``` exchange cooperation competition conflict accomidation ```
56
4 purposes/functions of corrections system (prison)
deterence rehabilitation retribution social protection
57
forms of accomodation?
truce compromise mediation arbitration
58
whats accommodation
balance between cooperation and conflict
59
whats conflict
deliberate attempt to oppose, harm, control by force, or resist will of another person or persons

Sociology (6 decks)

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