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EBP > Midterm Exam > Flashcards

Midterm Exam Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Evidence Based Practice

A

practice based on best available evidence, patient preference, and clinical judgement

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2
Q

EBP components

A
  1. research based information
  2. clinical expertise
  3. patient preference
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3
Q

EBP barriers

A
  1. organizational
  2. individual
  3. research related
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4
Q

organizational barriers

A

lack of resources
resistant to change

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5
Q

individual barriers

A

lack value / knowledge about EBP and research
resistant to change
lack of skills to obtain evidence

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6
Q

research related barriers

A

communication gap b/t researcher and clinician
writing associated with research reports
lack of dissemination of research findings

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7
Q

level I research

A

summarizes more than one study
-meta analysis
-summaries
-synopses
-systemic review / quasi-experiment
-clinical practice guidelines

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8
Q

level II research

A

randomized controlled trials
-randomly assigned experimental / control groups

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9
Q

meta analysis

A

research method that estimates effect of intervention by using statistics

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10
Q

level III research

A

quasi experimental designs
-lack randomization

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11
Q

level IV research

A

correlational design
cohort studies
case-control studies
quantitive findings from mixed design

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12
Q

correlational designs

A

non-experimental design used to study relationships among 2 or more variables

-no randomization

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13
Q

cohort studies

A

focus on specific population

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14
Q

case-control studies

A

specific to disease or illness

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15
Q

quantitive findings from mixed method design

A

survey’s

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16
Q

level V research

A

consists of syntheses : non-experimental design
-integrative review

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17
Q

integrative review

A

scholarly papers including published non-experimental studies

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18
Q

level VI research

A

descriptive research
-descriptive study designs
-qualitative findings from mixed methods
-single qualitative studies
-EBP projects
-quality improvement projects
-case studies
-concept analysis

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19
Q

quality improvement projects

A

relative to specific organization

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20
Q

level VII

A

evidence from opinions of authorities , reports of expert committees, manufacturer’s recommendations
-narrative reviews : pick papers that only support your study

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21
Q

abstract

A

provides overview of the study , 100-150 words

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22
Q

keywords

A

5-10 keywords that represent the article

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23
Q

introduction

A

background of research problem , purpose of study –> need to address the significance of the study

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24
Q

literature review

A

previous recent studies –> what is known about the problem?

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25
method
study design , sample , measurement tools , process of data collection , analysis methods
26
result
findings from data analysis , description
27
discussion
interpretation of results , limitations
28
conclusion
summary of findings , suggestions , implication
29
references
listed of cited articles
30
research article components
title abstract introduction keywords literature review method result discussion conclusion reference
31
descriptive resesarch
no interventions , description of natural setting
32
explanatory research
explains relationships among variables -between 2 things
33
predictive research
predicts differences with intervention
34
quantitive reserach
uses statistics , presented in tables and graphs -uses numbers
35
qualitative research
non-numerical , gets meaning from words
36
mixed method research
quantitative + qualitative
37
longitudinal research
data collected at multiple points overtime
38
cross-sectional research
data gathered once -cannot tell time difference
39
associative hypothesis
relation / association / correlation -can be directional -positive correlation -negative correlation (inverse)
40
casual hypothesis
affecting from one IV to other DV -affects positively / negatively
41
simple hypothesis
describes relationship between two variables -lung cancer and smoking
42
complex hypothesis
three or more variables -obesity associated with food , exercise , environment
43
null hypothesis
there is NO relationship between variables -light color has NO effect on plant growth
44
research / alternative hypothesis
relationship does exist between variables -light color affects plant growth
45
independent variable
influences the DV
46
dependent variable
influenced by the IV
47
confounding variable
interfere with relationship between IV and DV
48
research question
comes from -personal clinical experience -professional literature , previous research -current nursing theories -national initiatives
49
formulating research question
1. who , what , when , where , why , how 2. population 3. setting 4. problem 5. intervention 6. method
50
a research question must be what....
specific and measurable
51
population
refers to all members of a group of interest
52
accessible population
part of population you can access
53
sample
part of accessible population you will investigate
54
sampling frame
list of all possible elements in accessible population
55
sample must ...
represent population to maximize generalizability and reliability
56
research
planned and systematic activity that leads to new knowledge or discovery to solutions / problems -uses systematic approach
57
change process
1. collaboration 2. action 3. receptivity 4. process 5. translation 6. improved health outcomes
58
research process steps
1. identify research question 2. conduct literature review 3. identify theoretical framework 4. select research design 5. implement the study 6. analyze data 7. draw conclusion 8. tell findings
59
inductive reasoning
thinking that moves from particular to general -generate theories that propose new relationships -qualitative research
60
deductive reasoning
thinking that moves from general to particular -produce generalizations -quantitative research -test hypotheses
61
study hypotheses
formal statements about expected / predicted relationships between 2 or more variables -tested and measurable -include variables of interest
62
probability sampling methods
simple random sampling systematic sample stratified sample cluster sample
63
simple random sampling
randomly selecting elements from accessible population
64
systematic sample
selecting every 5th / 6th / etc. is selected from numbered list of elements in accessible population -starting point is randomly selected
65
stratified sample
selecting elements from accessible population that has been divided into groups -gender, income, etc.
66
cluster sample
random selection of groups
67
non-probability sampling
snowball sample quota sample judgement sample convenience sample
68
snowball sample
recruitment of participants by word of mouth or referrals from other participants
69
quota sampling
you select people for research
70
judgement sample
used in qualitative research , picking someone for a purpose
71
convenience sample
bias risk , people are selected because they approach you or are easy to access
72
research recruitment
-contacting / enrolling participants in a study -must screen participants -participants must represent population -maximize retention -see why some individuals chose to not participate

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