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EBP > Midterm Exam > Flashcards

Midterm Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Evidence Based Practice

A

practice based on best available evidence, patient preference, and clinical judgement

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2
Q

EBP components

A
  1. research based information
  2. clinical expertise
  3. patient preference
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3
Q

EBP barriers

A
  1. organizational
  2. individual
  3. research related
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4
Q

organizational barriers

A

lack of resources
resistant to change

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5
Q

individual barriers

A

lack value / knowledge about EBP and research
resistant to change
lack of skills to obtain evidence

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6
Q

research related barriers

A

communication gap b/t researcher and clinician
writing associated with research reports
lack of dissemination of research findings

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7
Q

level I research

A

summarizes more than one study
-meta analysis
-summaries
-synopses
-systemic review / quasi-experiment
-clinical practice guidelines

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8
Q

level II research

A

randomized controlled trials
-randomly assigned experimental / control groups

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9
Q

meta analysis

A

research method that estimates effect of intervention by using statistics

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10
Q

level III research

A

quasi experimental designs
-lack randomization

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11
Q

level IV research

A

correlational design
cohort studies
case-control studies
quantitive findings from mixed design

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12
Q

correlational designs

A

non-experimental design used to study relationships among 2 or more variables

-no randomization

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13
Q

cohort studies

A

focus on specific population

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14
Q

case-control studies

A

specific to disease or illness

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15
Q

quantitive findings from mixed method design

A

survey’s

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16
Q

level V research

A

consists of syntheses : non-experimental design
-integrative review

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17
Q

integrative review

A

scholarly papers including published non-experimental studies

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18
Q

level VI research

A

descriptive research
-descriptive study designs
-qualitative findings from mixed methods
-single qualitative studies
-EBP projects
-quality improvement projects
-case studies
-concept analysis

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19
Q

quality improvement projects

A

relative to specific organization

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20
Q

level VII

A

evidence from opinions of authorities , reports of expert committees, manufacturer’s recommendations
-narrative reviews : pick papers that only support your study

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21
Q

abstract

A

provides overview of the study , 100-150 words

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22
Q

keywords

A

5-10 keywords that represent the article

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23
Q

introduction

A

background of research problem , purpose of study –> need to address the significance of the study

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24
Q

literature review

A

previous recent studies –> what is known about the problem?

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25
Q

method

A

study design , sample , measurement tools , process of data collection , analysis methods

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26
Q

result

A

findings from data analysis , description

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27
Q

discussion

A

interpretation of results , limitations

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28
Q

conclusion

A

summary of findings , suggestions , implication

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29
Q

references

A

listed of cited articles

30
Q

research article components

A

title
abstract
introduction
keywords
literature review
method
result
discussion
conclusion
reference

31
Q

descriptive resesarch

A

no interventions , description of natural setting

32
Q

explanatory research

A

explains relationships among variables

-between 2 things

33
Q

predictive research

A

predicts differences with intervention

34
Q

quantitive reserach

A

uses statistics , presented in tables and graphs

-uses numbers

35
Q

qualitative research

A

non-numerical , gets meaning from words

36
Q

mixed method research

A

quantitative + qualitative

37
Q

longitudinal research

A

data collected at multiple points overtime

38
Q

cross-sectional research

A

data gathered once
-cannot tell time difference

39
Q

associative hypothesis

A

relation / association / correlation

-can be directional
-positive correlation
-negative correlation (inverse)

40
Q

casual hypothesis

A

affecting from one IV to other DV
-affects positively / negatively

41
Q

simple hypothesis

A

describes relationship between two variables

-lung cancer and smoking

42
Q

complex hypothesis

A

three or more variables

-obesity associated with food , exercise , environment

43
Q

null hypothesis

A

there is NO relationship between variables

-light color has NO effect on plant growth

44
Q

research / alternative hypothesis

A

relationship does exist between variables

-light color affects plant growth

45
Q

independent variable

A

influences the DV

46
Q

dependent variable

A

influenced by the IV

47
Q

confounding variable

A

interfere with relationship between IV and DV

48
Q

research question

A

comes from
-personal clinical experience
-professional literature , previous research
-current nursing theories
-national initiatives

49
Q

formulating research question

A
  1. who , what , when , where , why , how
  2. population
  3. setting
  4. problem
  5. intervention
  6. method
50
Q

a research question must be what….

A

specific and measurable

51
Q

population

A

refers to all members of a group of interest

52
Q

accessible population

A

part of population you can access

53
Q

sample

A

part of accessible population you will investigate

54
Q

sampling frame

A

list of all possible elements in accessible population

55
Q

sample must …

A

represent population to maximize generalizability and reliability

56
Q

research

A

planned and systematic activity that leads to new knowledge or discovery to solutions / problems

-uses systematic approach

57
Q

change process

A
  1. collaboration
  2. action
  3. receptivity
  4. process
  5. translation
  6. improved health outcomes
58
Q

research process steps

A
  1. identify research question
  2. conduct literature review
  3. identify theoretical framework
  4. select research design
  5. implement the study
  6. analyze data
  7. draw conclusion
  8. tell findings
59
Q

inductive reasoning

A

thinking that moves from particular to general

-generate theories that propose new relationships
-qualitative research

60
Q

deductive reasoning

A

thinking that moves from general to particular

-produce generalizations
-quantitative research
-test hypotheses

61
Q

study hypotheses

A

formal statements about expected / predicted relationships between 2 or more variables

-tested and measurable
-include variables of interest

62
Q

probability sampling methods

A

simple random sampling
systematic sample
stratified sample
cluster sample

63
Q

simple random sampling

A

randomly selecting elements from accessible population

64
Q

systematic sample

A

selecting every 5th / 6th / etc. is selected from numbered list of elements in accessible population

-starting point is randomly selected

65
Q

stratified sample

A

selecting elements from accessible population that has been divided into groups

-gender, income, etc.

66
Q

cluster sample

A

random selection of groups

67
Q

non-probability sampling

A

snowball sample
quota sample
judgement sample
convenience sample

68
Q

snowball sample

A

recruitment of participants by word of mouth or referrals from other participants

69
Q

quota sampling

A

you select people for research

70
Q

judgement sample

A

used in qualitative research , picking someone for a purpose

71
Q

convenience sample

A

bias risk , people are selected because they approach you or are easy to access

72
Q

research recruitment

A

-contacting / enrolling participants in a study
-must screen participants
-participants must represent population
-maximize retention
-see why some individuals chose to not participate

EBP (6 decks)

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