(MIDTERM) LESSON 7

Question 1

During the precolonial period, lands belonged to the community where the inhabitants of the _____________ or ____________ lived.

Answer 1

barangay or village

Question 2

Though the best lands were reserved for the ___________, any person can ask permission from the ___________ where to settle.

Answer 2

datu

Question 3

With the coming of the Spaniards, a ________________ _______________ on the ownership of land was adopted.

Answer 3

Regalian Doctrine

Question 4

Regalian Doctrine: This means all lands belonged to the _________.

Answer 4

King

Question 5

Lands were given to _________________ as a reward for helping in the pacification of the islands.

Answer 5

encomenderos

Question 6

Lands given to encomenderos are called _______________ _______________.

Answer 6

personal encomiendas

Question 7

TRUE or FALSE

The encomenderos own the land given to them.

Answer 7

FALSE

The encomenderos do not own the land but was only its trustee.

Question 8

The word encomienda comes from the word “encomendar” which means to _____________ or _____________.

Answer 8

commend or entrust

Question 9

Later the practice of ___________ ___________ was observed. Some lands were given to individuals for having done something meritorious to the government such as being allies during a foreign invasion.

Answer 9

titling lands

Question 10

Some lands were given to individuals for having done something meritorious to the government such as being _____ during a _______ _______.

Answer 10

allies; foreign invasion

Question 11

The __________ ___________ were given lands to support their evangelical activities. Later they receive land from pious donors.

Answer 11

religious orders

Question 12

In the case of Dominicans, lands were not only used for _____________ purposes but also for ____________ such as shops. South of Manila the Dominicans manage the hacienda de Naic, in Cavite extended their borders to San Pedro Laguna.

Answer 12

agricultural; businesses

Question 13

The reason for the Dominicans in owning the haciendas is the same as those of other religious orders: income from these lands through the _____ paid by the ___________ support Dominican institution.

Answer 13

rent; farmers

Question 14

Three (3) examples of Dominican institutions:

Answer 14

• University of Santo Tomas
• Colegio se San Juan de Letran
• Hospital de San Gabriel

Question 15

All the religious orders had ________________.

Answer 15

landholdings

Question 16

Who had holdings up to the end of Spanish Rule?

Answer 16

• Dominicans
• Franciscan
• Recollects
• Augustinians

Question 17

Vast lands owned by individuals and institutions were leased to primary tenants called ______________.

Answer 17

inquilinos

Question 18

These inquilinos were mostly __________ and they were more __________ rather than actual farmers.

Answer 18

mestizos; managers

Question 19

Physically it was impossible for them to farm the entire hacienda, which is the reason they had to hire _______ or _______.

Answer 19

sharecroppers or kasama

Question 20

The term for tenant farmers.

Answer 20

kasamas

Question 21

Payment is depending on the arrangement they entered into. It can be a ________ or a ________ arrangement.

Answer 21

70/30; 50/50

Question 22

He is forced to borrow from inquilino and the borrowing rates were usurious.

Answer 22

kasama

Question 23

He is in charge of getting the products of the kasamas and they look for the best prices of the products possible. He also paid the landlord the dues for the use of the land plus a portion of the harvest.

Answer 23

inquilino

Question 24

Give the full names of Rizal’s parents.

Answer 24

• Francisco Engracio Mercado
• Teodora Alonso Realonda

Question 25

After getting married to Teodora, he decided to move to the neighboring town of Calamba where the Dominicans had a hacienda.

Answer 25

Francisco Engracio Mercado

Question 26

The entire town was a Dominican hacienda.

Answer 26

town of Calamba

Question 27

Calamba was originally owned by the __________ but it became government property when they were expelled in 1768.

Answer 27

Jesuits

Question 28

The Government managed the hacienda up to 1808 until it was placed on _____ _______. Who won in the public bidding and managed the Hacienda de Calamba until 1831?

Answer 28

public auction; Jose G. Azanza

Question 29

The hacienda was over ____ thousand hectares from the boundary of Biñan and Santa Rosa to the foothills of Mount Makiling.

Answer 29

two thousand hectares

Question 30

Don Francisco developed friendly relations with the Dominicans. How many hectares was Don Francisco able to lease?

Answer 30

500 hectares

Question 31

Don Francisco saw to it that the good relations with the Dominicans remain _____ and _____. Every time the Dominican administrator dropped by to collect the rent he would be gifted with a ____ _____.

Answer 31

friendly and cordial; fat turkey

Question 32

Paciano managed to get very good terms from the Dominicans. No rent was to be charged for the ____ _____ ______ as the farmers were clearing up the land for cultivation.

Answer 32

first five years

Question 33

What was Rizal known as when he was a young boy?

Answer 33

Moy or Pepe

Question 34

Rizal had a talent for writing and he wrote a play. To whom did Jose Rizal sell a play he wrote when he was still a young boy? And for how much?

Answer 34

Mayor of Paete for four pesos

Question 35

In 1872 tragedy struck the Rizal family, his mother was accused of being an?

Answer 35

accomplice to an attempted murder

Question 36

He was a rich landowner who went on a trip to Europe. Upon coming home to Biñan, he found his house in disarray, and his wife was caught committing adultery. He sought a divorce from her and had her confined to her room. Who is he?

Answer 36

Don Jose de Alberto

Question 37

Who was the Rizal family's close relative that was accused of trying to poison his wife?

Answer 37

Don Jose de Alberto

Question 38

Who was the wife of Don Jose Alberto that was found to be living with another man?

Answer 38

Doña Teodora Formoso de Alberto

Question 39

According to Rizal, his mother tried to _____ the two. But Doña Teodora de Alberto found a way to get back at Don Jose and Doña Teodora.

Answer 39

reconcile

Question 40

Who did Doña Teodora de Alberto called to have her husband and Doña Teodora Alfonso Realonda arrested?

Answer 40

Alferez or the town police Chief

Question 41

How long after was Doña Teodora released from detention?

Answer 41

two years of detention

Question 42

Jose Rizal called the gobernadorcillo a ______ _____ of the friars.

Answer 42

fanatical puppet

Question 43

The gobernadorcillo made Doña Teodora walk from Calamba to the provincial capitol in Santa Cruz. What is the distance?

Answer 43

more than 30 kilometers

Question 44

As a religious order, the _______ is exempted from paying taxes for activities connected with the propagation of ______.

Answer 44

church; faith

Question 45

Who was the Governador General that wanted to investigate the Dominicans to see if they were paying the proper taxes?

Answer 45

Emilio Terrero

Question 46

Rizal joined the fray and helped draft an information regarding the agrarian situations in the ______ ____ _______.

Answer 46

Hacienda de Calamba

Question 47

Who did Jose Rizal accuse of taking advantage of the tenants?

Answer 47

Dominicans

Question 48

According to Rizal, how did the Dominicans take advantage of the tenants?

Answer 48

- raised the rent every year - dispossessed their lands due to high-interest rates - high penalties were charged if the rents were not paid - confiscated the carabaos, tools, and homes of the tenants if they cannot pay

Question 49

Rizal also reported that the Dominicans never paid a single ____ to the town fiesta.

Answer 49

centavo

Question 50

Lastly, Rizal demanded that the colonial government investigate the Dominicans who may have ______ _____ ______. He also questioned the legitimacy of their landholdings in Calamba or at least a part of it.

Answer 50

illegally grab lands

Question 51

In reconciliatory move, the Dominicans allowed the tenants to have a _____ _____ in paying the increased rents.

Answer 51

grace period

Question 52

Who was the lawyer that told the tenants not to pay a single cent to the Dominicans unless they showed that they really owned the hacienda?

Answer 52

Felipe Buencamino

Question 53

Who practically dictated the decision of the court at the justice of the peace in Calamba?

Answer 53

Fr. Villaroel Paciano

Question 54

The _______ were able to prove that they were the legitimate owners of the Calamba and the other haciendas.

Answer 54

Dominicans

Question 55

The ruling of the _____ ____ _____ was to have the tenants to pay the Dominicans or be expelled.

Answer 55

Santa Cruz Court

Question 56

Where did the Dominicans ultimately won over the case with the tenants?

Answer 56

Supreme Court in Madrid

Question 57

How many houses were destroyed by the agents of the Manila court who were supported by soldiers?

Answer 57

50

Question 58

Who was the Governor General that sent more troops to expel all the defiant tenants including Rizal's family?

Answer 58

Valeriano Weyler

Question 59

What time did Jose Rizal arrive in Manila?

Answer 59

9:00 in the evening

Question 60

The first Filipino he encountered was a ________________ who was astonished when he read the name Jose Rizal in the list of passengers.

Answer 60

newspaperman

Question 61

Who said the following lines to Rizal: "You wrote a novel that aroused much comment, and wish to read it. Not only do I permit it, but I demand it."

Answer 61

Governor General Emilio Terrero

Question 62

Who was a staunched liberal and questioned the Friar Estate in Philippines?

Answer 62

Governor General Emilio Terrero y Perinat

Question 63

Who was a high-ranking mason that would definitely protect Rizal not because of favors, but by brotherhood obligation?

Answer 63

Don Jose Centeno (Governor of Manila)

Question 64

Who did Don Jose Centeno give instructions to protect Jose Rizal from anyone who might harm him?

Answer 64

Jose Taviel de Andrade (Civil Guard Lieutenant)

Question 65

While in-Calamba, and happily united with his family and friends, Rizal became busy applying the ____________ _____________ that he learned in Spain, France and Germany.

Answer 65

modern technique

Question 66

What did Jose Rizal took up because of his mother's cataract?

Answer 66

Ophthalmology

Question 67

One of the reasons why Rizal took up Ophthalmology was to cure the failing eyesight of Doña Teodora. What local title did he gain after the operation was successful?

Answer 67

Doctor Ullman (German Doctor)

Question 68

Who was interested to introduce reforms in the agrarian taxation in the country and gave an official communication dated December 30, 1887?

Answer 68

Governor General Emilio Terrero

Question 69

With regards to the reforms in agrarian taxation, Governor General Terrero gave instructions to the Department of Finance of the Central Government: To ask information and figures from the ______ of the _______ Estate on their agricultural land and production for the past _____ years.

Answer 69

tenants; Dominican; three

Question 70

(JOSE RIZAL'S REPORTS) That the hacienda owned by the friar corporation, covered the entire town of Calamba, and that the profits gained from the Hacienda increased due to arbitrary increase in the ____ ____ every _____ whether with contract or now.

Answer 70

land rentals; year

Question 71

(JOSE RIZAL'S REPORTS) Tenants who cleared productive lands are strictly obliged to _____ ______, the same policy was also applied to the unproductive lands.

Answer 71

pay rents

Question 72

(JOSE RIZAL'S REPORTS) _____ _______ were being levied for the tenants who, for valid reasons, delayed in paying the rents. Failure to pay would mean confiscation of working animals and residences by the Dominican Corporation.

Answer 72

High interests

Question 73

(JOSE RIZAL'S REPORTS) The tenants who paid the ____ ____ were subsequently the town folk themselves who were never given support or ______ such as assistance to agriculture and education of their children.

Answer 73

High rents; incentive

Question 74

As a result of Jose Rizal's reports, the tenants of Calamba, together with the family of Rizal, _____ _____ their rents and taxes to the Dominican Corporation. This action of the native tenants forced the Dominicans to file ____ _____ against the family of Rizal and Calamba tenants.

Answer 74

ceased paying; eviction charges