Midterm questions

Question 1

T/F
Ionized compounds (possessing a charge) are lipid soluble and easily pass through body membranes

Answer 1

False

Question 2

T/F If drug A requires a smaller dose than drug B to produce 50% of the max effect, then drug A is less potent than drug B

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Stimulation of the PANS, such as when resting and digesting, produces which of the following effects?
- Increased salivation
- Increased BP
- Bronchodilation
- Increased heart rate
- None of the above

Answer 3

Increased salivation

Question 4

Stimulation of the SANS, such as during a fight or flight situation, poduces which of the following effects?
- Increased salivation
- Increased BP
- Bronchoconstriction
- Decreased heart rate
- None of the above

Answer 4

Increased blood pressure

Question 5

Which of the following drugs is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist?
- Diovan (valsartan)
- Accupril (quinapril)
- Cardura (doxazosin)
- Calan (verapamil)
- Cardizem (diltiazem)

Answer 5

Diovan (valsartan)

Question 6

T/F Drugs work by imparting a new function to the host organism, a function that did not exist pior to the administration of the drug

Answer 6

False

Question 7

T/F Receptors which we target for drug use in the SANS are labeled “adrenergic”

Answer 7

True

Question 8

T/F Sympathomimetic agents instilled into the eye produce miosis

Answer 8

False

Question 9

T/F The cardiovascular system fails when the heart and/or blood vessels fail to provide sufficient oxygen to meet the demands of the body

Answer 9

True

Question 10

The four major steps in the body’s handling of a drug are:

Answer 10

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Question 11

Adverse reactions of cholinergic antagonists include which of the following?
- Xerostomia
- Urinary and GI stasis
- Fever and hyperpyrexia
- Blurred vision and photophobia
- All of the above

Answer 11

All of the above

Question 12

An infant weighs 10lbs and if the adult dose of something is 30mg, then, according to Clark’s rule, the dosage of the drug for the infant should be:

Answer 12

2mg

Question 13

Which of the following is false concerning routes of drug administration?
- One disadvantage of IV drug administration is drug irretrievability
- The rectal route is the most convenient way to introduce a drug for systemic effects
- Topical applications are administered to the skin, oral mucosa and also sublingually
- The inhalation route of admission may be used for either local or systemic effects

Answer 13

The rectal route is the most convenient way to introduce a drug for systemic effects

Question 14

T/F Parasympatholytic agents may also be referred to adrenergic antagonists

Answer 14

False

Question 15

T/F Cardiovascular disease is complicated by the presence of co-morbid diseases, such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The letters “q.i.d.” appearing on a prescription indicate that the medication is to be administered:

Answer 16

Four times a day

Question 17

T/F In first order kinetics, the same percent of drug is eliminated per unit of time

Answer 17

True

Question 18

T/F Receptors which we target fo drug use in the PANS are labeled “nicotinic chollinergic”

Answer 18

False

Question 19

In one mechanism by which drugs are metabolized, an inactive parent drug may be transformed into an active compound. This inactive parent drug is called a(n)…..

Answer 19

Metabolite

Question 20

T/F The mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors involves inhibition of the conversion of angiotensis I to angiotensin II

Answer 20

True

Question 21

T/F The letters “hs” appearing on a prescription indicate that the medication is to be administered at bedtime

Answer 21

True

Question 22

The latin phrase “pro re nata” (p.r.n.) means:

Answer 22

As needed

Question 23

All of the following are ACE inhibitors except:
- Accupril (quinapril)
- Calan (verapamil)
- Capoten (catopril)
- Altace (ramipril)
- Vasotec (enalapril)

Answer 23

Calan (verapamil)

Question 24

Which of the following would be an expected effect of an alpha-1 agonist?
- Dilation of blood vessels in skin and mucous membranes
- Constriction of blood vessels in skeletal muscle
- Contraction or bronchial smooth muscle
- Relaxation of GI smooth muscle
- None of the above

Question 25

Which of the following is false concerning the oral route of drug administration?
- Least expensive and most convenient route of administration
- Safest and simplest way to introduce a drug to the body
- More predictable blood levels than other routes of administration
- Large area of absorption in the small intestine
- All of the above

Answer 25

More predictable blood levels than other routes of administration

Question 26

The letters “ac” appearing on a prescription indicates that the medication be administered:

Answer 26

Before meals

Question 27

T/F Epinephrine should NEVER be used in patients who are taking beta blockers

Answer 27

False

Question 28

T/F The route of administration of a drug affects both the onset and duration of the response

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Orally administered drugs are distributed to the liver first and are metabolized and inactivated to some extent before they reach general circulation and their intended sites of action. This effect is known as:

Answer 29

First-pass

Question 30

T/F Calcium channel blockers lower BP by inhibiting the flow of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle cells

Answer 30

True

Question 31

T/F The median effective dose (ED50) is the dose of drug required to produce a specified intensity of effect in 50% of the test subjects

Answer 31

True

Question 32

T/F Apresoline (hydralazine) is an antihypertensive also used in the management of withdrawl symptoms, migraine headache prophylaxis and treatment of ADHD

Answer 32

False

Question 33

T/F One of the adverse effects of beta-! blockers is dry cough, which may be worsened by placing the patient in the supine position

Answer 33

False

Question 34

All of the following drugs are beta-adrenergic blockers except:
- Proventil (albuterol)
- Tenormin (atenolol)
- Lopressor (metropolol)
- Timoptic (timolol)
- Inderal (propranalol)

Answer 34

Proventil (albuterol)

Question 35

Which schedule of controlled substances does not currently have an accepted medical use in the US?

Answer 35

Class I

Question 36

T/F Diuretics work by reducing plasma volume and systemic blood pressure

Answer 36

True

Question 37

The non-pharmacologic treatment of hypertension includes which of the following?
- Reduce weight
- Limit alcohol consumption
- Increase aerobic physical activity
- Restict sodium intake
- All of the above

Answer 37

All of the above

Question 38

T/F One of the most common patient cae considerations with the use of antihypertensives is orthostatic hypertension

Answer 38

True

Question 39

T/F Beta-blockers may mask the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Which of the following drugs is NOT an antihypertensive?
- Labetalol
- Haloperidol
- Doxazosin
- Iosartan
- Ramipril

Answer 40

Haloperidol

Question 41

T/F Parasympathomimetic agents instilled into the eye produce mydriasis

Answer 41

False

Question 42

T/F The LD50 is the dose of a drug required to produce death in 50% of the test subjects

Answer 42

True

Question 43

If the half-life of a drug is 10 hours, what percentage of a dosage of that drug would be remaining in the body after 20 hours?

Answer 43

25%

Question 44

T/F In one mechanism by which drugs are metabolized, an active parent drug may be transformed into yet another active compound. This new compound is called an active metabolite.

Answer 44

True