Midterm Review: Chapter 3.

Question 1

The process of interpreting the messages of our senses to provide order and meaning to the environment refers to what

Answer 1

perception.

Question 2

Three components of perception

Answer 2

perceiver, target, situation.

Question 3

The tendency for the perceptual system to ensure we do not see or hear things that are threatening refers to what?

Answer 3

Perceptual defence.

Question 4

Theory that suggests people form perceptions of themselves based on their personal characteristics and memberships in social categories.

Answer 4

Social Identity theory.

Question 5

Identity based off our unique characteristics/interests

Answer 5

personal identity.

Question 6

Identity based off our perception of belonging to social groups.

Answer 6

social identity.

Question 7

Categorizing someone new based off first impression, which results in overlooking new impressions that clash with first impression refers to what theory…

Answer 7

Bruner’s model of perceptual process.

Question 8

Categorizing someone new based off first impression, which results in overlooking new impressions that clash with first impression refers to what theory.

Answer 8

Bruner’s model of perceptual process.

Question 9

What are Bruner’s three important characteristics of perceptual process.

Answer 9

perception is selective (ignore some ques), perception constancy (same across all situations), perceptual consistency (same over time).

Question 10

Reliance on early quest or first impressions refers to what?

Answer 10

Primacy effect.

Question 11

Reliance on most recent impression refers to what?

Answer 11

recency effect.

Question 11

Reliance on most recent impression refers to what?

Answer 11

recency effect.

Question 12

Focusing on a distinct characteristic such as height is example of what?

Answer 12

Reliance on central traits

Question 13

People’s belief about which personalities are compatible.

Answer 13

Implicit personality theories.

Question 14

The tendency for people to attribute their own thoughts and feelings to others.

Answer 14

Projection.

Question 15

The tendency to generalize about people in a social category and ignore variations among them.

Answer 15

Stereotyping.

Question 16

The process by which we assign causes or motives to explain people’s behaviour.

Answer 16

Attribution.

Question 17

The process by which we assign causes or motives to explain people’s behaviour.

Answer 17

Attribution.

Question 18

The idea that someones personality or IQ is responsible for their behaviour.

Answer 18

Dispositional Attribution.

Question 19

The idea that external endorsement is responsible for behaviour.

Answer 19

Situational attribution.

Question 20

What are three main attribution ques.

Answer 20

Consistency, Consensus (everyone does it), distinctiveness

Question 20

What are three main attribution ques.

Answer 20

Consistency, Consensus (everyone does it), distinctiveness

Question 21

Fundamental attribution error, actor-observer effect, and self-serving bias have what in common.

Answer 21

Biases in attribution.

Question 22

The tendency to overemphasize dispositional explanations for behaviours at the expense of situational explanation.

Answer 22

Fundamental attribution error.

Question 23

The propensity for actors and observers to view the causes of the actor's behaviour differently.

Answer 23

Actor-observer effect.

Question 24

Tendency to take credit for successful outcomes and deny responsibility for failures.

Answer 24

Self-Serving Bias.

Question 25

The **differences** amount recruits in **employees** in characteristics and culture refers to what?

Answer 25

Workplace diversity.

Question 26

The differences amount recruits in employees in characteristics and culture refers to what?

Answer 26

Workplace diversity.

Question 27

Members of a minority social group feel like they might be treated according to their stereotype. (and fear their behaviour will confirm it)

Answer 27

Stereotype.

Question 27

Members of a minority social group feel like they might be treated according to their stereotype. (and fear their behaviour will confirm it)

Answer 27

Stereotype.

Question 28

The idea older workers have less capacity for performance is an example of what?

Answer 28

Age stereotypes.

Question 28

The idea older workers have less capacity for performance is an example of what?

Answer 28

Age stereotypes.

Question 29

A psychological state in which one has a willingness to be vulnerable and take risks with the respect to the actions of another party?

Answer 29

Trust.

Question 30

A psychological state in which one has a willingness to be vulnerable and take risks with the respect to the actions of another party?

Answer 30

Trust.

Question 31

Employee's belief that their organization values their contribution and cares for their wellbeing is an example of what?

Answer 31

Perceived Organizational Support.

Question 32

Employees feel obligated to **reciprocate** the organization's care and support is

Answer 32

the norm of reciprocity.

Question 33

job applicants have incomplete information about jobs and organizations sot hey interpret their recruitment and selection experiences as cues or signal about unknown characteristics of an organizations and what it will be like to work in an organization.

Answer 33

Signalling theory.

Question 33

job applicants have incomplete information about jobs and organizations sot hey interpret their recruitment and selection experiences as cues or signal about unknown characteristics of an organizations and what it will be like to work in an organization.

Answer 33

Signalling theory.

Question 34

When a previous interview candidate effects the perception of the current interview candidate is an example of what effect?

Answer 34

Contrast effect.

Question 35

Employees with a late start time receive lower ratings from supervisors.

Answer 35

Morning Bias.

Question 36

Employees with a late start time receive lower ratings from supervisors.

Answer 36

Morning Bias.

Question 37

Leniency, harshness, central tendency (middle man), halo effect (focus on one thing), similar to me effect are examples of...

Answer 37

rater errors.

Question 38

behavioural anchor rating scales.

Answer 38

rating scales focusing on very specific behaviours that indicate great or poor performance.

Question 39

when all training is done within a given time,

Answer 39

Frame of reference training