Midterm Review: Chapter 5.

Question 1

The extent to which persistent effort is directed toward a goal.

Answer 1

Motivation.

Question 2

Effort (leads to), persistence, (leads to) direction, (leads to) and goals have what in common

Answer 2

the four basic characteristic of motivation.

Question 3

the strength of the person’s work related behaviour.

Answer 3

Effort.

Question 4

how effectively individuals apply effort to work tasks.

Answer 4

Persistence.

Question 4

how effectively individuals apply effort to work tasks.

Answer 4

Persistence.

Question 5

The extent to which the worker’s persistence benefits the organization.

Answer 5

Direction

Question 6

the objective the individual wished to reach,

Answer 6

Goals

Question 7

motivation that stems from within.

Answer 7

Intrisic motivation.

Question 8

motivation that stems form external environment.

Answer 8

Extrinsic motivation.

Question 9

Extrinsic motivation relates to quantity of performance while intrinsic motivations relates to what?

Answer 9

Quality of performance.

Question 10

Extrinsic motivation relates to quantity of performance while intrinsic motivations relates to what?

Answer 10

Quality of performance.

Question 11

Intrinsic motivation is best when completing complex tasks, extrinsic motivation is best when completing

Answer 11

mundane tasks.

Question 12

refers to the extent to which an organizational member contributes to achieving the objectives of the organization.

Answer 12

Performance.

Question 13

a person’s basic information processing capacities

Answer 13

General cognitive ability.

Question 14

the ability to understand and manage one’s own and other’s feelings and emotions.

Answer 14

Emotional Intelligence.

Question 15

What are the 4 steps in Peter Salovey’s and John Mayer’s EI model:

Answer 15

1. Perceiving emotions accurately in oneself and others.
2. Using emotions to facilitate thinking.
3. Understanding emotions, emotional language, and the signal convert by emotions.
4. Managing emotions so as to attain specific goals.

Question 16

Physiological and psychological wants or desires that can be satisfied by acquiring certain incentive or achieving particular goals.

Answer 16

Needs.

Needs -> Behaviours -> Incentive and Goals

Question 17

Physiological needs, safety needs, belongings needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs refers to

Answer 17

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

believe’s lower level needs, need to be gratified first.

Question 17

Physiological needs, safety needs, belongings needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs refers to

Answer 17

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

Question 18

Existence (basic needs), relatedness (belongingness), and growth (self-actualization purpose) refers to

Answer 18

Alderfer’s ERG theory.

• Critique of Maslow: does not belief lower level needs, need to gratify first.

Question 19

In Alderfer’s ERG theory, the more lower level needs are gratified….

Answer 19

the more higher-level satisfaction is desired.

Question 20

Need for achievement, affiliation, and power, refers to

Answer 20

McClelland’s Theory of Needs

Question 20

Need for achievement, affiliation, and power, refers to

Answer 20

McClelland’s Theory of Needs

Question 21

Explain which jobs suit what needs according to McClelland Theory of needs.

Answer 21

High Achievement: sales, entrepreneurs.
High Affiliation: Social work, teaching.
High Power: Journalism, management.

Question 22

Needs theories incentivize managers to

Answer 22

appreciate diversity and intrinsic motivation.

Question 22

Needs theories incentivize managers to

Answer 22

appreciate diversity and intrinsic motivation.

Question 23

Self determination theory suggests

Answer 23

Motivation depends on the satisfaction of three basic psychological needs: competent, autonomy, relatedness.

Question 24

Competence

Answer 24

the feeling of mastery in one's environment.

Question 25

feeling connected to others

Answer 25

relatedness

Question 26

refers to having choice in one's behaviour

Answer 26

autonomy.

Question 27

self-determination theory explains

Answer 27

what motivates people and whether motivation is autonomous (free-will) or controlled

Question 28

Autonomous motivation is self-motivation or intrinsic motivation:

Answer 28

occurs when people feel they are in control of their motivation.

Question 29

occurs when people are motivated to obtain an extrinsic reward (money)

Answer 29

Controlled motivation

Question 30

involves providing employees with the "choice" and encouragement for personal initiative

Answer 30

autonomy support.

Question 31

A process theory that states that motivation is determined by the outcomes their people expect to occur as a result of their on the job.

Answer 31

Expectancy theory.

Question 32

Outcomes, instrumentality, valence, expectancy, and force have what in common.

Answer 32

Victor Vroom's components of expectancy theory.

Question 33

the consequences that may follow certain work behaviours

Answer 33

Outcomes.

Question 34

outcomes that benefit the organization are

Answer 34

first-level outcomes.

Question 35

outcomes that benefit the individual are

Answer 35

second level outcomes.

Question 36

the expected value of outcomes, the extent of which they attractive unattractive to a person.

Answer 36

Valence.

Question 37

is the end product of the other components of the theory.

Answer 37

Force.

Question 38

valence x expectancy =

Answer 38

force.

Question 39

Goal setting theory:

Answer 39

goals are motivational when they are - specific - challenging - committed - feedback

Question 40

How does going to gym relate to goal setting theory.

Answer 40

Bench 225: specific Takes 6 months: challenging Before Cancun: commitment Feedback: marginal gains

Question 41

participation, rewards and management support have what in common.

Answer 41

Enhance goal commitment.

Question 42

refers to an individual goal preferences in achievement situations..

Answer 42

Goal orientation.

Question 43

refers to an individual goal preferences in achievement situations..

Answer 43

Goal orientation.

Question 44

A preference to learn new things and develop competence in an activity by acquiring new skills and mastering new situations.

Answer 44

Learning Goal Orientation.

Question 45

A preference to learn new things and develop competence in an activity by acquiring new skills and mastering new situations.

Answer 45

Learning Goal Orientation.

Question 46

A preference to obtain favourable judgements about the outcome of one's performance

Answer 46

Performance-prove goal orientation.

Question 47

A preference to avoid negative judgements about the outcome of one's performance

Answer 47

Performance-Avoid goal Orientation.

Question 48

A preference to avoid negative judgements about the outcome of one's performance

Answer 48

Performance-Avoid goal Orientation.

Question 49

Goal proximity

Answer 49

how short or long term a goal is.