MIDTERMS CHAP 4 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Is a term used to describe illegal actions by a minor. This term is broad in range and can include everything from minor violations like skipping school to more severe crimes such as burglary and violent actions.
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
May indirectly affect juvenile crime rates. For example, alterations in the economy that leads to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult for young people to obtain. The resulting dissatisfaction may in turn lead more youths into criminal behavior.
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Has also experienced modifications within the last 25 years. More families consist of one-parent or two working parents, as a result, children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family structure. This lack of parental supervision is contemplated to be an influence on juvenile crime rates.
FAMILY STRUCTURE
Is one of the top factors contributing to delinquency. School is not only a place to learn and grow; it is also a structured routine that provides children with a goal to accomplish each day. The routine of getting up, getting prepared, attending school, completing the work, and returning home each day establishes a routine that is a basis for good choices in the future. Children who are not encouraged to learn this type of routine are losing out on establishing good habits.
POOR SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
The type of school that a child attends may also contribute to their delinquency. Overcrowded and underfunded schools tend to lack discipline and order. The chaos often experienced in these schools lead children to act more defensively because they are scared by their surroundings.
POOR EDUCATIONAL STANDARDS
Every Tulsa juvenile criminal defense attorney will tell you that when a child is subjected to violence, they are in turn violent people. Lashing out at others for the violence they experience at home is very common. Teens subjected to violent actions, or those who witness it to others, are more likely to act out their fears and frustrations. They often have a “don’t care” attitude and this allows them to get into trouble more easily.
VIOLENCE IN THE HOME
If the neighborhood is in which a child lives is violent, the children will have a tendency to be more prone to delinquency. Many people describe this as street survival methods because the child gets into trouble as a way to stay out of trouble from area gang members or violent people. In many cases, when you remove the child from this type of situation, their tendency for delinquent actions is removed.
VIOLENCE IN THEIR SOCIAL CIRCLE
Similar to neighborhood pressures, peer pressure from direct acquaintances can have an effect on how a juvenile reacts to bad situations. If all of their friends are committing delinquent acts, the child may feel pressured to do the same to be accepted.
PEER PRESSURE
Juvenile delinquency is more common in poorer neighborhoods. While all neighborhoods are not exempt from delinquent activities, it is believed they happen more in areas where children feel they must commit crimes to prosper. Theft and similar crimes may actually be a result of necessity and not that of just a petty crime.
SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS
Children who are exposed to substance abuse often do not have the necessities they need to thrive and are forced to find these necessities in other ways. Others, who become dependent on a substance may also need to commit crimes to sustain their habit. Counseling and treatment for this type of situation is the only real remedy to help these children. This type of situation can cause their self-worth to deteriorate and allow them to commit acts that they would not otherwise have considered.
SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Parental or adult influence is the most important factor in deterring delinquency. When a parent or other adult interacts with the child and shows them what is acceptable behavior and what is considered wrong, the child is more likely to act in a way that is not delinquent. It is very important for a child to have a bond with a good adult who will influence their actions and show them the difference between what is right and what is wrong. Even if your child has committed an act of delinquency, their lives are not over.
LACK OF MORAL GUIDANCE
Although it is considered passé to say poverty causes crime, the fact is that nearly 22 percent of children under the age of eighteen live in poverty. Poverty, in absolute terms, is more common for children than for any other group in society. Ageism, they say, is the last frontier in the quest for economic equality. Adolescents from lower socioeconomic status (SES) families regularly commit more violence than youth from higher SES levels.
POVERTY
Internal propensities which may not be considered as a criminal act unless the attempt was made.
PREDISPOSING FACTORS
Refers to conditions and elements which provokes crimes or factors such as personal problems, curiosity, ignorance, necessities and diseases.
PRECIPITATING FACTORS
The basic unit of society, whose main responsibility is to provide the basic necessities of the child as well as to give emotional, spiritual, moral, intellectual and social basic to its members particularly the children and the primary social agency tasked with the significant task of rearing the youth.
FAMILY
One of the most reliable indicators of juvenile crime is the proportion of fatherless children. The primary role of fathers in our society is to provide economic stability, act as role models, and alleviate the stress of mothers. Marriage has historically been the great civilizer of male populations, channeling predatory instincts into provider/protector impulses.
FAMILY FACTOR
The culture, norms and behavior of the child’s surrounding may very well influence the upbringing of the child especially throughout their formative years and such misbehavior learned will definitely carried out until a child’s maturity or entrance to adolescent world.
ENVIRONMENT
Learning institutions are vital to proper child development, it represents time second home and represents the instrument for the training of young person’s which should provide goals, values and academic growth which will be necessary to transform the raw mind of the child to be able to bring them up as productive, law abiding and responsible citizen of the republic.
SCHOOL
Should be placed on preventive policies facilitating the successful socialization and integration of all children and young persons, in particular through the family, the community, peer groups, school, vocational training and the world of work, as well as through voluntary organizations.
EMPHASIS
Comprehensive prevention plans should be institute at every level of Government and include the following:
(a) In- depth analysis of the problem and inventories of programs, services, facilities and resources available;
(b) Well –defined responsibilities for the qualified agencies, institution and personnel concerned in preventive efforts;
(c) Machinery for the suitable co- ordination of prevention efforts between government and non-governmental agencies;
(d) Policies, programs and strategies based on analytical studies to be continuously monitored and carefully appraised in the course of implementation;
(e) Methods for effectively reducing the opportunity to commit delinquent acts;
(f) Community participation through a wide range of services and programs;
(g) Close interdisciplinary co-operation between national, state, provincial and local governments, with the involvement of the private sector representative citizens of the community to be served, labor, child- care health education, social, law enforcement and judicial agencies in taking concerted action to prevent juvenile delinquency and youth crime;
(h) Youth participation in delinquency prevention policies and processes, including recourse to community resources, youth self-help, and victim compensation and assistance programs;
(i) Specialized personnel at all levels.
