MIDTERMS(SKILLS

Question 1

Prevent infection
2. Increase the viability of the area by removing the bloody discharge
3. Promote comfort

Answer 1

PERINEAL PREPARATION (sterile)
PURPOSE

Question 2

Help prevent infection so that the birth canal is not contaminated
2. Observe ASEPTIC technique

Answer 2

PRINCIPLES

Question 3

FRONT TO BACK
➔ Anterior to posterior - s.pubis to anal region
➔ Center to periphery - in inguinal region to mid thigh

Answer 3

DIRECTION

Question 4

helps in management of labor for filipino women w/ normal labor; increases 1
cm/hr

Answer 4

PARTOGRAPH

Question 5

cervical dilatation, contraction pattern

Answer 5

PROGRESS OF LABOR

Question 6

pulse, temp, bp, urine voided

Answer 6

MATERNAL WELL-BEING

Question 7

FHR, color of amniotic fluid

Answer 7

FETAL WELL-BEING:

Question 8

1. Antepartum hemorrhage 5. malpresentation
2. Fetal distress 6. Very premature baby
3. Previous cs section 7. Severe preeclampsia & eclampsia
4. Multiple pregnancy 8. Obvious obstructed labo

Answer 8

CONDITIONS THAT DON’T NEED PARTOGRAPH

Question 9

• normal

Answer 9

GREEN

Question 10

passes alert line

Answer 10

YELLOW

Question 11

abnormal & passes action line

Answer 11

RED -

Question 12

symbol “X”
2. Start when woman is in ACTIVE LABOR (4 cm or more) and is contracting
adequately (3-4 contractions in 10 minutes)
3. Start plotting on alert line in the intersection corresponding cervical
dilatation finding
4. Perform internal examination every 4 hours, or more often if necessary

Answer 12

Recording the findings in the partograph

Question 13

If plotting reaches alert line:

Answer 13

consider referral, Alert transport services,
Monitor intensively

Question 14

If plotting reaches the action line: r

Answer 14

refer to hospital unless birth is imminent

Question 15

“ I

Answer 15

intact

Question 16

C ”

Answer 16

clear

Question 17

M

Answer 17

meconium stained

Question 18

A

Answer 18

absent

Question 19

B

Answer 19

BLOODY

Question 20

If she remains in latent phase for next 8 hours (labor is prolonged),

Answer 20

transfer
her to hospital.

Question 22

urinates 20x/day; control usually gained b/w 2
and 5 y/o

Answer 22

➢ INFANTS & CHILDREN:

Question 23

toilet trained

Answer 23

➢ PRESCHOOLERS:

Question 24

nocturnal enuresis/bedwetting

Answer 24

➢ SCHOOL AGE

Question 25

nocturnal frequency

Answer 25

ELDERLY:

Question 26

privacy, normal position, time, sound of running water

Answer 26

PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS:

Question 27

alcohol, antidiuretics ➢ CAFFEINE FILLED DRINKS are diuretics ➢ FOODS & FLUIDS HIGH IN SODIUM CAUSES FLUIDS TO BE RETAINED

Answer 27

3. FLUIDS AND INTAKE

Question 28

incomplete emptying of the bladder

Answer 28

ENLARGED PROSTATE GLAND

Question 28

Diuretics promote urination ➢ Anticholinergic; antispasmodics causes urinary retention ➢ Antidepressant; antipsychotics ➢ Antihistamines, antihypertensives

Answer 28

MEDICATIONS

Question 29

decreased estrogen

Answer 29

PAST MENOPAUSE

Question 30

Renal failure, circulatory disease

Answer 30

PATHOLOGIC FACTORS

Question 31

obstructing ureters

Answer 31

Urinary stones:

Question 32

obstructs urethra

Answer 32

Hypertrophy of prostate gland:

Question 33

* polyuria (colic) * polydipsia (excessive thirst) * oliguria (low urine output) * anuria (absence of urine)

Answer 33

1. ALTERED URINE PRODUCTION

Question 34

dysuria (painful urination) * enuresis * urinary incontinence * urinary retention (can't release fluid) * neurologic bladders

Answer 34

2. ALTERED URINE ELIMINATION

Question 35

sterile gloves, CB w/ betadine, lubricant (1-2 in.from tip of catheter), syringe w/ saline solution, drainage bag

Answer 35

CATHETERIZATION - introduction of catheter through urethra into bladder to withdraw urine ➢ MATERIALS:

Question 36

tube made of rubber, plastic, latex, silicon, polyvinyl chloride; the larger the number, the bigger the catheter; size depend on age

Answer 36

CATHETER

Question 37

single lumen tube with small eye opening about 1 ¼ cm from insertion tip

Answer 37

STRAIGHT/ROBINSON/INTERMITTENT

Question 38

PURPOSES:

Answer 38

Relieve discomfort due to bladder distention/provide gradual decompression of distended bladder 2. Assess amt of residual urine 3. Obtain urine specimen 4. Empty the bladder prior to surgery

Question 39

children: FR 8-10; black ➔ Young girls: FR 12; white ➔ women: FR 14-16; green; 16- orange ➔ male: FR 16-18; red

Answer 39

SIZE & COLORS ➔ children: FR 8-10; black

Question 40

LABORATORY EXAMS:

Answer 40

straight

Question 41

BLADDER EMPTYING

Answer 41

folley or indwelling

Question 42

PURPOSE:

Answer 42

Manage incontinence (last resort if other measure failed) 2. Provide intermittent bladder drainage/irrigation 3. Prevent from contracting an incision after surgery 4. Facilitate accurate measurement of urine output 5. For critically ill pts whose output needs to be monitored hourly

Question 43

- rotate the head to an occiput-anterior posterior position

Answer 43

FORCEPS ASSISTED DELIVERY

Question 44

May develop ecchymosis or edema 2. Caput succedaneum (swelling) or cepal hematoma 3. Transient facial paralysis

Answer 44

NEONATAL RISK

Question 45

Complete dilatation 2. Ruptured membranes 3. Vertex or face presentation 4. No CPD (cephalocaudal disproportion)

Answer 45

PREREQUISITES

Question 46

a cap like suction; kept not longer than 25 minutes; monitor FHR every 5 min; side effects: scalp wound & skull fractures

Answer 46

2. VACUUM EXTRACTION

Question 47

pts who has had previous low transverse CS birth; incidence of dehiscence(nagbukas ang tahi): 1%

Answer 47

VAGINAL BIRTH AFTER CESAREAN BIRTH (VBAC)