NEWBORN ASSESSMENT PT.3

Question 1

SHOULDER, SHOULDERS, ARMS, ARMS, AND ANDHANDSHANDS

Answer 1

Clinical Assessment
* Length
* Proportions
* Symmetry, Structure
and number of digits

Question 2

shoulder - Indications for further investigation
 Urgent follow-up

Answer 2

Swelling over
clavicle/ fractured
clavicle
 Hypotonia
 Palsy (e.g. Erb’s palsy
Contractures
 Palmar crease pattern

Question 3

The palms of the hands should
have creases. A single straight palmar
crease, a ________ _______, is an abnormal
finding that is associated with Down’s
syndrome.

Answer 3

Simian Crease or SIngle Palmar

Question 4

decreased muscle tone

Answer 4

Hypotonia

Question 5

xiphoid process

Answer 5

is prominent

Question 6

Chest movements should be

Answer 6

equal bilaterally and
synchronous with the
abdomen.

Question 7

The anteroposterior and lateral diameters of the chest
are equal, making

Answer 7

the chest appear barrel shaped.

Question 8

a rare
genetic
disorder
with
autosomal
recessive
inheritance

Answer 8

Perlman
syndrome

Question 9

as “Milk resembling colostrum sometimes secreted from
the breasts of newborns of either sex three to four days after birth
and lasting no longer than two weeks, due to endocrine stimulation
from the mother before birth.”

Answer 9

witch’s milk

Question 10

CHEST, CARDIO-RESPIRATORY

Indications for further investigation
 Urgent follow-up

Answer 10

Signs of Respiratory Distress
o Apneic episodes
Weak or absent pulses
o Positive pulse oximetry screen
(if performed)

Question 11

Indications for further investigation
 Urgent follow-up for abdomen

Answer 11

• Organomegaly
• Gastroschisis/ exomphalos
• Bilious vomiting

Question 12

The newborn’s abdomen is

Answer 12

 domeshapedandprotuberant.

Question 13

A normal umbilical cord is well
formed and has

Answer 13

three vessels.

Question 14

Respirations are
typically ,
whichmake them
appear abdominal in
nature

Answer 14

diaphragmatic

Question 15

Peristaltic
waves should

Answer 15

not
be visible

Question 16

Bowel sounds
should be
audible within
hours of birth.

Answer 16

2

Question 17

The abdomen
should be soft to
palpation

Answer 17

without
palpable masses

Question 18

Indications for further
investigation
 Urgent follow-up

GENITO-URINARY

Answer 18

• No urine passed within 24 hours
• Ambiguous genitalia
• Bilateral undescended testes
• Testicular torsion

Question 19

The newborn shouldvoidwithinthefirst __
hours oflife.

Answer 19

24

Question 20

a
blood-tinged mucous discharge from the vagina
(resultsfrom the sudden withdrawalof maternal

Answer 20

Pseudomenstruation

Question 21

if the opening islocated
abnormally on the dorsal (upper) surface of the
glans penis

Answer 21

Epispadia

Question 22

occurs when the opening to
the urethra is on the ventral (under) surface of
the glans

Answer 22

Hypospadias

Question 23

, tightly adherent foreskin, is a
normal condition in the term newborn.

Answer 23

Phimosis

Question 24

testes do not
descend into the scrotalsac
during fetal life. This condition
requires medical evaluation.

Answer 24

Cryptorchidism

Question 25

-fluid within the
scrotal sac, may be present and
should be noted.

Answer 25

Hydrocele

Question 26

Clinical Assessment hips legs and feed

Answer 26

Use Ortolani and
Barlow’s
maneuvers
* A firm surface to examine
hips is necessary
* Assess legs and feet for
length, proportions,
symmetry, structure, and
number of digits

Question 27

Thetermnewborn maintains

Answer 27

a posture offlexion

Question 28

A strongbrachial
pulse witha weak
femoral pulse is
abnormal and should
be

Answer 28

reported.

Question 29

refers to fusion or webbing of the toes or fingers

Answer 29

Syndactyly

Question 30

is the medical term for extra digits.

Answer 30

Polydactyly i

Question 31

 Elicit ___ to evaluate the hip
for signs of dislocation or
subluxation (partial dislocation).
 A positive sign is associated
with subluxation.

Answer 31

Ortolani’s maneuver and
Barlow’s sign

Question 32

Other signs of a dislocated hip

Answer 32

 uneven gluteal folds
 one knee that is lower than the
other when the newborn is
supine with both knees flexed

Question 33

are carried out as part of the routine
newborn examination todetecthipjointinstability and dislocation.

Answer 33

Barlow’s and Ortolani’s tests

Question 34

The feet may appear
to turn inward
becauseofthewaythe
fetus waspositionedin
thewomborbirth
canal.

Answer 34

clubfoot

Question 35

Indications for further
investigation
 Urgent follow-up

Anus

Answer 35

No meconium passed within
24 hours

Question 36

Passage of Meconium should occur w/in the first

Answer 36

24-48 hours

Question 37

: a thick black tarry substance composed of dead cells,mucus, and bile that
collectsin the rectum of the fetus.

Answer 37

Meconium:

Question 38

Spinal column
o Scapulae and buttocks
for symmetry
o Skin –*birthmarks..

Answer 38

clinical assessment for back

Question 39

normal findings of back

Answer 39

The newborn’s spine is straight and flat.
The lumbar and sacral curves do not appear until the
infant beginsto use his back to sit and stand uprigh

Question 40

normal findings of back

Answer 40

:There should be no masses, openings,
dimples, or tufts of hair.
Any of these findings may be associated with spina bifida
(an opening in the spinal column)