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NCM 105 Nutrition > MIDTERMS_Water Soluble Vitamins > Flashcards

MIDTERMS_Water Soluble Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Non B Complex Water Soluble Vitamin

A

Ascorbic Acid or Vitamin C

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2
Q

5 energy releasing b-complex water soluble vitamins

A 
Thiamine
Riboflavin
Niacin
Biotin
Panthotenic Acid
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3
Q

Vitamin B1

A

Thiamine

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4
Q

Vitamin B2

A

Riboflavin

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5
Q

Vitamin B3

A

Niacin

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6
Q

Vitamin B9

A

Folic Acid

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7
Q

Vitamin B6

A

Pyridoxine

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8
Q

give four vitamins out of the nine water-soluble can cause toxicity

A
  1. Niacin (B3) 2. Pyridoxine B6 3. Folate (B9)

4. vitamin C

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9
Q

how can you aquire toxicity for B6

A

diet

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10
Q

how can you aquire toxicity for 1. Niacin (B3) 2. vitamin c 3. Folate (B9)

A

supplements

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11
Q

RDA of VITAMIN B1:THIAMINE for men

A

1.2mg/day

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12
Q

RDA of VITAMIN B1:THIAMINE for women

A

1.1mg/day

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13
Q

Functions: VITAMIN B1:THIAMINE

A

cofactor of alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (TCA

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14
Q

what happens to the thiamine if the patient is alcoholic/chronic alcoholic users

A

Contents of alcohol decreases thiamine and glucose level in the body

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15
Q

what is the nursing intervention if patient is alcoholic? Thiamine

A

The nurse should prioritize thiamine intake

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16
Q

why should The nurse should prioritize thiamine intake for alcoholic patient

A

glucose, it will undergo glycolysis, having a by-product known as pyruvate which is only useful for TCA.

Pyruvate will only build up casing lactic acidosis which damages the liver and kidneys.

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17
Q

common causes of Thiamine deficiency

A

alcoholism, ingestion of white rice

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18
Q

3 Deficiency Diseases of thiamine

A

wet beri- beri
dry beri- beri
Wernicke-Korsakoff’s Syndrome

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19
Q

s & s wet beri- beri

A

edema

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20
Q

s & s dry beri- beri

A

muscle wasting

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21
Q

Whole-grain

A

Thiamine Food Source

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22
Q

enriched breads

A

Thiamine Food Source

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23
Q

cereals

A

Thiamine Food Source

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24
Q

liver

A

Thiamine Food Source

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25
Q

nuts

A

Thiamine Food Source

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26
Q

wheat germ

A

Thiamine Food Source

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27
Q

pork

A

Thiamine Food Source

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28
Q

dried peas and beans

A

Thiamine Food Source

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29
Q

Thiamine Food Source

A 
o Whole-grain 
o enriched breads 
o cereals 
o liver 
o nuts 
o wheat germ
o pork 
o dried peas and beans
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30
Q

WERNICKE’S:

A

reversible

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31
Q

wernicke’s can cause ataxia meaning

A

: muscle weakness to paralysis

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32
Q

KORSAKOFF’S

A

irreversible

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33
Q

KORSAKOFF’S can cause Confabulation meaning

A

altered reality

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34
Q

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN • RDA: Men

A

Men: 16mg/day;

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35
Q

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN • RDA: women

A

Women: 14mg/day

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36
Q

function of VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN

A

precursor of 2 coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FMD)

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37
Q

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources

A 
o Milk and dairy 
o whole-grain and enriched breads and cereals; 
o liver 
o eggs 
o meat
o spinach
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38
Q

o Milk and dairy

A

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources

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39
Q

o whole-grain and enriched breads and cereals;

A

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources

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40
Q

o liver

A

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources

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41
Q

o eggs

A

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources

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42
Q

o meat

A

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources

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43
Q

o spinach

A

VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources

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44
Q

3 Deficiency Disease VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN

A

(+) Days if poor intake
Risks: Pedia and elderly
Ariboflavinosis

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45
Q

what vitamin is decificient in Ariboflavinosis?

A

Deficiency Disease VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN

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46
Q

oral symptoms of Ariboflavinosis?

A
  • angular stomatitis
  • cheliosis
  • glostitis
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47
Q

facial symptoms of Ariboflavinosis?

A
  • dermatitis of nasolabial region
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48
Q

ocular symptoms of Ariboflavinosis?

A

-vascularization of cornea

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49
Q

Vitamin B3: Niacin • RDA: Men:

A

Men: 16 mg/day

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50
Q

Vitamin B3: Niacin RDA: women:

A

Women: 14 mg/day

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51
Q

give 2 fucntions of Vitamin B3: Niacin

A
  1. formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) coenzymes
    ENERGY metabolism AND DNA Production

o Promotes normal nervous system functioning

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52
Q

Vitamin B3: Niacin deficieny

A

Pellagra 4D’s *Dermatitis, (and glossitis) Diarrhea, Dementia, Death

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53
Q

how can you acquire toxicity in Vitamin B3: Niacin

A

over supplementation

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54
Q

S&S of toxicity in Vitamin B3: Niacin

A

Facial flushing, liver damage, gastric ulcer, low BP, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting

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55
Q

Food Source of Vitamin B3: Niacin

A

o All protein food
o Whole-grain and enriched bread
o fortified ready-to-eat cereals

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56
Q

vitamin B5

A

Panthotenic Acid

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57
Q

Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid • RDA: Adult:

A

Adult: 5mg/day

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58
Q

give 2 functions of Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid

A
  1. For formation of nicotinamide adenine o In order to
  2. synthesize Coenzyme-A (COA) –
    metabolism of CHO, CHON, and fats
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59
Q

Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid Deficiencies:

A

Deficiency Rare;

general failure of all body system

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60
Q

Food Source Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid

A 
o Meat 
o Poultry 
o Fish 
o whole-grain cereals
o dried peas and beans are among best sources
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61
Q

best food sources of Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid

A

dried peas and beans are among best sources

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62
Q

Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine • RDA: Men

A

1.3-1.7mg/day

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63
Q

Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine • RDA: women

A

1.3-1.7mg/day

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64
Q

give 4 functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

A

o HEME synthesis

o Coenzyme in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism

o Helps convert tryptophan to niacin

o Helps produce insulin, myelin sheaths, and
antibodies

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65
Q

o HEME synthesis

A

functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

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66
Q

o Coenzyme in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism

A

functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

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67
Q

o Helps convert tryptophan to niacin

A

functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

68
Q

o Helps produce insulin, myelin sheaths, and

antibodies

A

functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

69
Q

(6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine Deficiencies

A 
Dermatitis, 
cheilosis, 
glossitis, 
abnormal brain wave pattern, 
convulsions,
anemia
70
Q

6 S&S of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine toxicity

A 
Depression, 
fatigue, 
irritability, 
headaches; 
sensory neuropathy characteristic
71
Q

Food Sources Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

A 
o Meats 
o Fish 
o Poultry 
o Fruits 
o green leafy vegetables
 o whole grains 
o nuts
o dried peas and beans
72
Q

what vitamin are you deficient at if you have Dermatitis?

A

Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

73
Q

what vitamin are you deficient at if you have cheilosis

A

Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

74
Q

what vitamin are you deficient at if you have glossitis

A

Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

75
Q

what vitamin are you deficient at if you have abnormal brain wave pattern

A

Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

76
Q

what vitamin are you deficient at if you have

convulsions

A

Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

77
Q

what vitamin are you deficient at if you have

convulsions anemia

A

Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine

78
Q

Vitamin B7: Biotin • RDA

A

30 μg/day

79
Q

What vitamin has the fucntion of Coenzyme in energy metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and glycogen
formation

A

Vitamin B7: Biotin

80
Q

give the function of Vitamin B7: Biotin?

A

Coenzyme in energy metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and glycogen
formation

81
Q

what causes a deficiency in Vitamin B7: Biotin

A

consumption of too many egg whites (Avidin)

82
Q

what happens when you consume too many egg whites

A

deficiency in Vitamin B7: Biotin

83
Q

give 5 food sources of Vitamin B7: Biotin

A

o Eggs

o Liver

o Milk

o dark green vegetables

o Synthesized by GI flora

84
Q

where can you get Vitamin B7: Biotin in the body?

A

Synthesized by GI flora

85
Q

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid • RDA: Adult:

A

400 μg/day

86
Q

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid • RDA Pregnant

A

600 μg/day

87
Q

Why is pregnant women recommended to intake 600 μg/day of folic acid?

A

ensure fetal development

88
Q

give 3 functions of Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

A

o RBC production

o Synthesis of DNA

o Tissue Growth and function

89
Q

o RBC production is a function of what vitamin?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

90
Q

Synthesis of DNA

is a function of what vitamin?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

91
Q

Tissue Growth and function is a function of what vitamin?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

92
Q

give 2 deficiencies of Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

A

o Spina Bifida

o Anencephaly

93
Q

what happens if there is folate toxicity?

A

Folate toxicity will mask vitamin B12 deficiency which is very dangerous

94
Q

give 8 food sources for Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

A

o Liver

o Okra

o Spinach

o Asparagus

o dried peas and beans

o seeds

o orange juice

o breads, cereals, and other grains

95
Q

what vitamin does Liver contain?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

96
Q

what vitamin does Okra contain?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

97
Q

what vitamin does Spinach contain?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

98
Q

what vitamin does Asparagus contain?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

99
Q

what vitamin does dried peas and beans contain?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

100
Q

what vitamin does seeds contain?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

101
Q

what vitamin does orange juicecontain?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

102
Q

what vitamin does breads, cereals, and other grains contain?

A

Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

103
Q

Vitamin B12: Cobalamin • RDA: Adult

A

2.4 μg/day

104
Q

give the 5 functions of Vitamin B12: Cobalamin

A 
o RBC formation
 o Activates folate 
o Nerve tissues health
 o Helps metabolize some fatty acids and amino acids
o Prevents Megaloblastic Anemia
105
Q

what vitamin has the function of RBC formation?

A

Vitamin B12: Cobalamin

106
Q

what vitamin has the function of Activates folate ?

A

Vitamin B12: Cobalamin

107
Q

what vitamin has the function of Nerve tissues health?

A

Vitamin B12: Cobalamin

108
Q

what vitamin has the function of Helps metabolize some fatty acids and amino acids?

A

Vitamin B12: Cobalamin

109
Q

what vitamin has the function of Prevents Megaloblastic Anemia?

A

Vitamin B12: Cobalamin

110
Q

give the 7 food sources of Vitamin B12: Cobalamin

A 
o Meat 
o Fish
o Poultry
 o Shellfish
 o Milk & dairy products 
o eggs
o Some fortified foods
111
Q

what are the 2 deficiencies for Vitamin B9 + 12

A

o Megaloblastic anemia o Neurologic Changes

112
Q

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid • RDA: Male:

A

90mg/day

113
Q

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid • RDA: Female:

A

75 mg/day

114
Q

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid • RDA: Upper intake level

A

1800mg

115
Q

give 6 functions of Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

A

Collagen synthesis

o Antioxidant

o Promotes iron absorption

o Involved in the metabolism of certain amino acids

o Thyroxin synthesis

o Immune system functioning

116
Q

what vitamin has the function of Collagen synthesis ?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

117
Q

what vitamin ACTS AS Antioxidant ?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

118
Q

what vitamin is Involved in the metabolism of certain amino acids ?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

119
Q

what vitamin Promotes iron absorption ?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

120
Q

what vitamin has the function of Thyroxin synthesis ?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

121
Q

what vitamin improves Immune system functioning ?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

122
Q

give the 3 deficiencies for Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

A

o Scurvy

oGingivitis= Bleeding gums,

o pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin

123
Q

what vitamin are you deficient in if you have blood disorders?

A

vitamin B3 Pyridoxine

124
Q

vitamin c helps absorb what?

A

iron

125
Q

if you are anemic, what would be the combination of your medication administration

A

ferrous sulfate + orange juice

126
Q

what are the 3 signs and symptoms of vitamin c toxicity?

A

o It can cause kidney stones

o increase iron absorption which may lead to iron poisoning in hemochromatosis patients

o It can also cause vomiting and indigestion in the
stomach

127
Q

kidney stones are signs of what vitamin toxicity?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

128
Q

vomiting and indigestion in the

stomach are signs of what vitamin toxicity?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

129
Q

in hemochromatosis patients, what happens if there is high levels of vitamin c

A

increase iron absorption which may lead to iron poisoning i

130
Q

what vitamin does Citrus fruits and juices contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

131
Q

what vitamin does red and green peppers contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

132
Q

what vitamin does broccoli contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

133
Q

what vitamin does cauliflower contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

134
Q

what vitamin does Brussels sprouts contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

135
Q

what vitamin does Cantaloupe contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

136
Q

what vitamin does Kiwifruit contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

137
Q

what vitamin does mustard greens contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

138
Q

what vitamin does strawberries contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

139
Q

what vitamin does tomatoes contain?

A

Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid

140
Q

what vitamin does oils contain?

A

Vitamin E

141
Q

enumerate the 4 vitamins in grains

A
  1. thiamin
  2. niacin
  3. riboflavin
  4. folic acid
142
Q

enumerate the 5 vitamins in vegetables

A
  1. beta carotene
  2. vitamin E
  3. vitamin K
  4. folate
  5. vitamin C
143
Q

enumerate the 3 vitamins in fruits

A
  1. beta carotene
  2. folate
  3. vitamin C
144
Q

give the 5 vitamins in dairy

A
  1. vitamin A
  2. vitamin D
  3. riboflavin
  4. vitamin B
  5. biotin
145
Q

give the 7 vitamins in protein foods

A
  1. niacin
  2. vitamin B
  3. Thiamine
  4. Folate
  5. Vitamin E
  6. Vitamin D
  7. Panthotenic Acid
146
Q

to whom do we recommend supplements?

A
  1. Dieters who consume fewer than 1200 calories.
  2. Vegans, esp B12 because it is found naturally only in animal products.
  3. Finicky eaters
  4. A large proportion of adults age 51 years and older
  5. Alcoholics
  6. People who are food insecure
  7. People with chronic illness or chronic use of a medication
147
Q

nursing interventions for Dieters who consume fewer than 1200 calories.

A

recommend supplements

148
Q

nursing interventions for Vegans

A

recommend supplements esp B12 because it is found naturally only in animal products.

149
Q

nursing interventions for Finicky eaters

A

recommend supplements

150
Q

nursing interventions for A large proportion of adults age 51 years and older

A

recommend supplements

151
Q

nursing interventions for Alcoholics

A

recommend supplements

152
Q

nursing interventions for People who are food insecure

A

recommend supplements

153
Q

nursing interventions for People with chronic illness or chronic use of a medication

A

recommend supplements

154
Q

TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE

A

Eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables every day

155
Q

Five servings of fruits and vegetables per day may provide?

A

more than 200 mg of vitamin C,

far more than the RDA of 75 mg for adult women and 90 mg for adult men.

156
Q

TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE

Concentrate on variety and color

A 
Aim for at least one green, 
one orange, 
one red, 
one citrus, and 
one legume serving every day
157
Q

how to make an effort to preserve the vitamin content of vegetables

A

store them in the refrigerator (except for onions, tomatoes, winter squash, and potatoes),

prepare them with minimal peeling,

and cook for as short a time as possible in as little water as necessary.

158
Q

TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE

A

Start at least one meal each day with a fresh salad.

159
Q

TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE

for snacks.

A

Eat raw vegetables or fresh fruits

160
Q

what to do for the portion size of vegetables?

A

Double the normal portion size

161
Q

TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE

A

Add vegetables to other foods, such as zucchini to spaghetti sauce, grated carrots to
meat loaf, and spinach to lasagna.

162
Q

when you go grocery shopping FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE what should you do?

A

Buy a new fruit or vegetable

163
Q

FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE for entrees what should you eat?

A

pasta primavera, vegetable stir fry, or black beans and rice

164
Q

FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE when you eat out

A

Order a vegetable

165
Q

FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE choose what for breakfast and during the day?

A

Choose 100% fruit juice at breakfast and during the day instead of drinks, cocktails, “-ades” (e.g., lemonade), and/or carbonated beverages.

NCM 105 Nutrition (7 decks)

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