MISC - Important!

Question 1

Neurocutaneous Syndromes (all AD)

Answer 1

• Neurofibromatosis Type 1 → associated with MEN2. ≥6 cafe au lait spots, axiallary/groin freckles, optic glioma, phaeochromacytomas, neurofibromas.
  • NF2→ bilateral acoustic neuromas, meningiomas, ependymomas.
• Tuberous Sclerosis → ‘ash leaf’ patch.

Question 2

What is a haemangioma?

Answer 2

benign growths of blood vessels that appear on the skin in infancy. They are the most common type of vascular tumor in children and are typically visible at birth or within the first few weeks of life.

Question 3

Most common neck lump in a child?

Answer 3

Lymphadenitis

(background of an inflammatory/infective process).

Transiently enlarged, tender lymph nodes. May often be multiple small tender bumps.

Question 4

red flags in a childs neck lump?

Answer 4

sepsis, poor feeding, rapid progression, stridor, change in voice.

Question 5

Thyroglossal cyst?

Answer 5

midline congenital mass. Moves with swallowing.

Question 6

Branchial Cleft Abnormality

Answer 6

lateral congential mass.