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BACTERIOLOGY > MISCELLANEOUS GRAM – NEGATIVE BACILLI > Flashcards

MISCELLANEOUS GRAM – NEGATIVE BACILLI Flashcards

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1
Q

2 important species under genus Pasteurella

A
  • P multocida and P. canis
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2
Q

General characteristics of P multocida and P. canis

A
  • animal pathogen
  • commensal in oropharynx of health animals
  • can infect human thru bite, scratches, or shared food
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3
Q

These organisms are the most common organism in human wounds inflicted by bites from cats and dogs

A
  • Pasteurella spp.

specifically P multocida and P. canis

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4
Q

Three general form of disease caused by Pasteurella

A
  • Localized cellulitis and regional lymphadenopathy after animal bite or scratch
  • Exacerbation of chronic respiratory tract disease in px w/ underlying pulmonary dysfunction (e.g. asthma)
  • Systemic infection in immunocompromised px
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5
Q

Lab diagnosis for Pasteurella

A
  • Grows well on BAP & CAP

- Large “BUTTERY” colonies with MUSTY odor

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6
Q

Treatment for Pasteurella

A
  • Susceptible to penicillin, macrolides, and tetracycline
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7
Q

Morphological characteristic of Bordetella

A
  • extremely small coccobacilli
  • simple nutritional requirement
  • they are very sensitive and susceptiple to even the slightest toxic substances
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8
Q

These can used to remove toxic substances in culture media when isolating Bordetella

A
  • charcoal, starch, blood, or albumin to absorb toxic substances
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9
Q

4 medically important spp. of Bordetella

A
  • B. pertussis
  • B. parapertussis
  • B. Bronchiseptica
  • B. holmessii

are closely related, differing only in the expression of irulence genes

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10
Q

Bordetella spp that causes the” WHOPPING COUGH” / severe cough disease

A
  • B. pertussis
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11
Q

Bordetella spp that causes the midl form of pertussis

A
  • B. parapertussis
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12
Q

Bordetella spp that causes the respiratory disease of animals (pigs and dogs)

A
  • B. bronchiseptica
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13
Q

Bordetella spp that is an uncommon cause of SEPSIS

A
  • B. holmesii
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14
Q

Bordetella is very contagious since it is an ____________ acquired infection

A
  • AEROSOL
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15
Q

These aids to the bacterial attachement of most bacteria to the cilliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract

A

-ADHESINS

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16
Q

RGD motif is a tripeptide amino acid composed of

A
  • Arginine, Glycine and aspartate

responsible for cellular attachement of bacteria

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17
Q

4 bacterial ADHESINS of Bordetella Pertussis

A
  • Filamentous hemagglutinin
  • Pertactin
  • Pertussis toxin
  • Fimbria
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18
Q

B. pertussis toxin that binds lactosylceramide on ciliated respiratory cells

A

S2

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19
Q

B.pertussis toxin: toxic subunit

A

S1

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20
Q

B. pertussis toxin that binds phagocytic cells

A

S3

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21
Q

Adhesin of bordetella that mediate binding in viitro

22
Q

Charcoal is a common additive in Regan-Lowe medium for B. pertussis , what is it for?

Color reactant
Nutrional additive
Toxin removal
Hemolysin source

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Toxin removal

along with starch, blood, or albumin

23
Q

What is the best specimen for isolation of B, pertussis?

blood
urine
bronchoalveolar lavage
nasopharyngeal swab
sputum
Study These Flashcards
A
  • nasopharyngeal swab
24
Q

The most infectious phase of the B. pertussis infection. *

Catarrhal
Convalescent
Paroxysmal
Incubation

25
TRACHEAL CYTOTOXIN mode of action
- target ciliated epithelial cells - impair regeneration of damaged cells by interfering DNA synthesis (disrupt clearance mechanism thus lead to cough) - IL-1 production (lead to fever)
26
ADENYLATE CYCLASE TOXIN / HEMOLYSIN mode of action
- activated by CALMODULIN and converse ATP to cAMP , increase respiratory secretion - inhibit leukocyte function
27
DERMONECROTIC TOXIN mode of action
- vasoconstriction and tissue destruction
28
3 phases of B.pertussis infection
- Catarrhal - Paroxysmal - Convalescent
29
Clinical manifestations of Catarrhal phase
- resembles common cold - classic symptoms e. g., sneezing, malaise, low-grade fever - the MOST INFECTIOUS phase
30
Clinical manifestations of Paroxysmal phase
- series of REPETITIVE COUGH followed by inspiratory WHOOP, vomitting and exhaustion
31
Clinical manifestations of Convalescent phase
- pparoxysms diminished w/ secondary complications
32
Pentavalent vaccine is composed of
Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus,hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines
33
Differential Diagnosis for B. pertussis
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Chlamydopphilia pneumoniae - Legionella pneumophila
34
Lab Diagnosis for B. pertussis
- sensitive to drying - inoculate NASOPHARYNGEAL ASPIRATE - use synthetic fiber sabs not cotton swabs - fatty acid are toxic to Bp
35
Specific media for B. pertussis
Regan- Lowe charcoal medium composed of charcoal, horse blood, glycerol and peptones
36
Zoonotic pathogens and potential agents of bioterrorism
Francisella & Brucella
37
Francisella is what type of proteobacteria
Gamma- proteobacteria
38
Brucella is what type of proteobacteria
Alpha- proteobacteria
39
Papthogenecity of Francisella
- contains anti-phaogytic capsule - survive for prolonged period inside macrophages - inhibits phagosome- lysosome fusion - obligate intracellular parasite (can grow only inside cell)
40
Francisella tularensis is transmitted by:
- acquired thru Tick bites ticks are natural reservoirs of these organism
41
Which zoonotic bacteria is commonly isolated in dog and cat infections? * F. tularensis P. multocida L. pneumophila T. gondii
P. multocida or P. canis
42
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about F. tularensis? * obligate aerobic and motile transmitted via deer flies and tciks requires growth factors like cysteine and thiosulfate virulence factor is capsule
- obligate aerobic and motile
43
Clinical disease caused by Francisella tularensis
- TULAREMIA / Rabbit or Tick fever
44
F. tularensis growth requirement in culture medium
- not possible on gram- staining - produce B-LACTAMASE - won't grow without CYSTEINE - use CAP or buffered charcoal yeast extract
45
Francisella has a croos-reactivity reaction with what organism
BRUCELLA
46
Treatment for Francisella
- Penicillin and cephalosporins are Ineffective ( they produce b-lactamase) - Streptomycin and gentamicin are effective
47
4 spp of Genus Brucella
- B. melitensis - goat and sheep - B.suis - swine reindeer, caribou - B. abortus - cattle, bison - B. canis - dog, fox, coyotes
48
General characteristics of Brucella spp.
- SMOOTH COLONIES with virulence - Obligate intracellular parasite - inhibit phagolysosome fusion - bacteria secrestes protein that induce GRANULOMA formation
49
This is necessary for the growth Brucella and is often found on animal tissues
- ERYTHRITOL
50
Clinical disease caused by Brucella
- Brucellosis/ BANGS disease/ UNDULANT fever/ MALTA fever/ ROCK fever

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