MLA - Cardiology

Question 1

What is the most common cause death in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?

Answer 1

Ventricular arrhythmia

Question 2

First line medication for angina prophylaxis

Answer 2

Bisoprolol or Ca2+ channel blocker

Question 3

Murmur seen in aortic regurgitation

Answer 3

Early diastolic

Question 4

Peripheral signs of aortic regurgitation

Answer 4

Nail bed pulsation

Question 5

Murmur seen in pulmonary stenosis

Answer 5

Ejection systolic

Question 6

What heart abnormality is seen in polycystic kidney disease?
What murmur would this show?

Answer 6

Mitral valve prolapse
Late systolic murmur

Question 7

II, III, and aVF show which artery

Answer 7

Right coronary artery (inferior)

Question 8

I, aVL, V5 and V6 show which artery

Answer 8

Circumflex artery

Question 9

V1, V2, V3, V4 show which artery

Answer 9

Left anterior descending

Question 10

Which pathology is coarctation of the aorta associated with?

Answer 10

Bicuspid aortic valve

Question 11

What is first line treatment for anticoagulant in PE?

Answer 11

DOAC

Question 12

What ECG abnormality is seen in hypothermia?

Answer 12

Osborn J waves

Question 13

What is a late presentation of Rheumatic fever?

Answer 13

Sydenhams chorea

Question 14

Which cardiac medication should be stopped when taking erythromycin/clarithromycin?

Answer 14

Statins

Question 15

What ECG finding is seen in a posterior MI?

Answer 15

Tall, broad R waves

Question 16

What is a serious side effect of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 16

Angioedema

Question 17

Which medication should be stopped in mod-severe aortic stenosis?

Answer 17

ACE inhibitors

Question 18

What ECG findings are seen in hypokalaemia?

Answer 18

U waves
PR prolongation
Long QT syndrome

Question 19

Which examination sign is classic for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?

Answer 19

S4 heart sound

Question 20

Side effects of GTN spray

Answer 20

Hypotension
Tachycardia
Headache

Question 21

Which valve pathology has a ejection systolic murmur and is heard loudest on INSPIRATION?

Answer 21

Pulmonary stenosis

Question 22

Which valve pathology has a ejection systolic murmur and is heard loudest on EXPIRATION?

Answer 22

Aortic stenosis

Question 23

When can you restart warfarin after a minor bleed?

Answer 23

When INR < 5.0

Question 24

First line management of HF

Answer 24

Beta blocker + ACE inhibitor

Question 25

What arrythmia can macrocodes (clarithromycin) cause?

Answer 25

Torsades de points

Question 26

What is the reversal agent for bleeding on dabigitran?

Answer 26

Idaricizumab

Question 27

Common examination findings of aortic stenosis

Answer 27

Narrow pulse pressure Slow rising pulse Palpable thrill over cardiac apex S4 heart sound Soft/absent S2

Question 28

Murmur seen in ventricular septal defect

Answer 28

Pansystolic murmur

Question 29

ECG of hypercalcaemia

Answer 29

Short QT

Question 30

What is the treatment for symptomatic bradycardia?

Answer 30

IV atropine

Question 31

ECG findings in pericarditis

Answer 31

Widespread ST elevation

Question 32

Most common cause of acute limb ischaemia?

Answer 32

Emboli (Think AF)

Question 33

Where is the most common location for a AAA?

Answer 33

Infrarenal aorta

Question 34

Signs of R sided heart failure?

Answer 34

Raised JVP, ankle oedema and hepatomegaly

Question 35

What is the mechanism of action of aspirin?

Answer 35

Inhibits the production of thromboxane A2

Question 36

What are the symtpoms of buerger's disease?

Answer 36

Young man Smoker Symptoms similar to peripheral vascular disease

Question 37

What sign is seen on echo of takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

Answer 37

Apical ballooning of the myocardium (Looks like Japanese octopus pot)

Question 38

What scan is used to identify PE when patient has renal impairment?

Answer 38

V/Q scan

Question 39

Management of symptomatic bradycardia

Answer 39

IV atropine

Question 40

What condition is associated with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?

Answer 40

Wolff-Parkinson White

Question 41

What is the anti-coagulant of choice for bioprosthetic valves?

Answer 41

Aspirin

Question 42

How is mesothelioma diagnosed?

Answer 42

Histology following thorascopic biopsy

Question 43

What is first line investgation for stable chest pain? (Stble angina)

Answer 43

Contrast CT coronary angiogram