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Module 1 > Mobility And Immobility > Flashcards

Mobility And Immobility Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Mobility

A

Nonverbal gestures
Self defense
ADLs
Recreational
Satisfaction of basic needs
Expression of emotion

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2
Q

What are factors that can affect mobility and activity?

A

Developmental
Nutrition
Lifestyle
Stress
Enviroment
Diseases and abnormalities

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3
Q

Diseases and abnormalities that can affect the ability to move

A

Bones, muscle and nervous
Pain
Trauma
Respiratory system
Circulatory
Psychological/social

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4
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis lower part of the body

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5
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis Half of the body

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6
Q

Quadriplegia / tetraplegia

A

Person paralyzed from the neck down

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7
Q

What can be the good points of bed rest?

A

Reduces pain
Allows patient to rest
Reduce physical activity and O2 demand

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8
Q

What can the duration of bed rest be?

A

Duration depends on illness or injury and proper state of health

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9
Q

Physical causes of immobility

A

Bone fracture
Surgical procedure
Major sprain or strain
Illness/disease
Cancer
Aging process

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10
Q

Psychosocial causes of immobility

A

Stress/depression
Decreased motivation
Hospitalization
Long term care facility residents
Voluntary sedentary lifestyle

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11
Q

Prolonged immobility ( bad effects of bed rest)

A

Reduced functional capacity
..
Altered metabolism
..

Numerous physiological changes

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12
Q

What are common effects of bed rest?

A

Weakened muscles
Weakened joint/ stiffness
Bones will break down
Skin break down
Blood clots
Etc
See slide 11

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13
Q

How much muscle mass does a person lose on bed rest?

A

For every week 10%

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14
Q

Anthropometric measurement

A

Body weight, bmi, body measurements

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15
Q

What is important for a person who is on bed rest to have in their diet?

A

Protien

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16
Q

Osteoclast

A

Dissolve bone “clast” to break

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17
Q

Osteoblast

A

To grow——- deposits calcium into the bone

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18
Q

Why would an immobile person have decrease bone mass?

A

Osteoclast come in and they start to wear down the bone

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19
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Bone that has a plot of dead spaces “porous”

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20
Q

What is the primary cause of osteoporosis?

A

Insufficient excercise or too much excercise

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21
Q

Who is prone to osteoporosis?

A

Females(after menopause)
Excercise (too little too much)
Poor diet (low in CA and protien)
Smoking

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22
Q

What can be done to a patient to avoid osteoporosis?

A

Excercise, ROM
Adequate died
Calcium and vitamin d

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23
Q

What we must have with calcium

A

Vitamin D!!!

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24
Q

What are some sources of vitamin d?

A

The sun
Dairy milk, cheese, yogurt
Green leafy vegetables
Eggs
Fish
Or supplements

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25
What is bone density strongly link to?
Estrogen- that’s why in women we see a peak in our 30s and a drop off after menopause
26
Contractures
It is when a joint fixates in a specific place
27
What can improve joint quality and is the easiest intervention to maintain or improve joint mobility?
ROM
28
Active ROM (AROM)
Done by the patient ex patient does 15 shoulder raises on his own
29
Active assist ROM
Done by patient but with help Ex. Patient can’t do complete shoulder raises so he gets assistance
30
Passive ROM
Done by nurse or caregiver Continuous passive motion machine (CPM)
31
How many times a day should ROM be practiced?
3 times a day After bath Mid day Bedtime
32
What should you do if a person reports pain or muscle spasms during ROM?
D/C immidietly!!
33
During ROM
Start gradually and move slowly using smooth motion Support extremity Stretch the muscles only to the point of resistance/pain Encourage active ROM
34
What kind of assessments is important to do when we have a patient who can not move?
Respiratory Cardiac Metabolism Integument Gastrointestinal Genitourinary Urinary stasis psychosocial
35
Respiratory assessment
Lung sounds O2 sats Respiratory rate Activity tolerance (SOB) Chest X-ray Arterial blood gases
36
What can be critical to watch on a patient?
Respiratory rate -make sure to count every single time
37
Cardiac assessment
BP Pulse rate Heart sounds Activity tolerance (what goes up when they move around calf pain
38
What does calf pain indicate?
DVT (deep vein thrombosis)
39
DVT
Describes muscle activity> Pooling of blood> Clot formation > DVTs
40
What is the big worry about DVT?
It can go to the lungs and cause a pulmonary embolism (can be deadly) depending where they lay
41
How can we prevent DVTs?
Ambulation TED hose SCDs
42
Why do we encourage early ambulation?
To prevent DVT
43
TED Hose
Thrombosis-Embolic deterrent hose Post surgical Non walking patients Always measure right away Check for skin break down
44
SCDs
Sequential compression devices Sleeves around the legs alternately inflate and deflate Post surgical/ circulatory disorders Compress and sequence to push blood back up to the heart to prevent blood clots
45
What happens if patient soils TED hose?
Change it and wash it
46
What happens when SCDs are soiled
Change it and throw it away
47
Metabolism assessment
Decreased appetite Weight loss Muscle loss Weakness Labs
48
Integumentary assessment
Skin assessment Color changes Integrity Nutrition Incontinence PREVENT skin break down
49
What kind of nutrition should an immobile patient have?
HIGH PROTIEN
50
For gastrointestinal assessment what do we want to make sure of?
That the patient has good and active bowel sounds -if there is no sound it can indicate constipation which can lead to a bowel obstruction
51
Genitourinary assessment: During bone break down calcium gets released into the blood. What does this have to do with the Genitourinary assessment?
Kidney stones 1) calcium is the number one culprit of kidney stones
52
When a person is laying down the urine settles in the renal area. What happens when the urine is still?
It grows bacteria It becomes more concentrated Calcium build up in urine Perfect enviroment to develop kidney stones and UTI
53
What psychosocial effects can someone who is immobile go through?
Loneliness Delirium Withdrawal Decreased coping Depression Anxiety Social isolation
54
Benefits of mobility
Strengthen muscles Joint flexibility Stimulates circulation Prevents constipation Prevents osteoporosis Stimulates the appetite Prevents urinary incontinence and infection Relieves pressure Improves self esteem Decreases anxiety and depression
55
What is the best intervention to prevent immobility complications?
Ambulation
56
What does mobility level 1 mean (red)
Dependent
57
What does mobility level 2 mean (orange)
Moderate assistance
58
Mobility level 3 (yellow)
Minimum assistance
59
Mobility level 4 (green)
Modified independent Level 4 (green)
60
Restraints
Any manual method, physical or mechanical device, material or equipment that immobilizes or reduces the ability of a patient to move arms legs bodu or head freely Application of a force that can not easily removed without individual permission
61
WHY would you use a Non violent restraint?
Actions impede medical care Lack of awareness of potential harm self and others Unable to follow commands and comply with safety instructions Can pull out tubes drains or other lines Requires every 2 hours monitory and documentation When discontinuing date and time must be documented
62
Restraint types
Extremity Mitten Posey Belt
63
Papoose or mummy restraint
Used in pedi population
64
Covenants restraint policies
Prior to restraining Reorientation Limit setting Use of sitter Increased observation and monitoring Change the patients physical environment Review and modification of medication regimens Ex turning on the lights changing the blinds
65
How can you discontinue the restraints
A trial is the best way like during abed bath, med admin and during feeding to see if they can feed themselves
66
Which restraint can be of risk of strangulation?
Posey- watch carefully!
67
Interventions for immobility
ROM Reposition Neutrino/hydration/toileting Releases at the earliest possible time

Module 1 (18 decks)

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