Immunity

Question 1

Immunity

Answer 1

Is a physiologic process that provides an individual with protection or defense disease

Question 2

Acquired immunity

Answer 2

Produced by prior exposure or antibody production
Requires exposure

Question 3

Innate immunity

Answer 3

What you are born with

Question 4

Active immunity (immune response)

Answer 4

Produced by antibodies that develop in response to antigens

MY BODY IS DOING THE FIGHTING

Question 5

Naturally acquired immunity (apart of ACTIVE immunity)

Answer 5

Develops after exposure to antigens in environment

Ex. Catching the flu, acquiring antibodies, catching the flu again but not getting it as bad

Question 6

Induced ACTIVE immunity

Answer 6

Develops after administration of antigen to prevent disease

Ex i get the flu vaccine

Question 7

Passive immunity

Answer 7

Produced by transfer of antibodies from another person

SOMETHING ELSE IS DOING THE FIGHTING

Question 8

Induced passive immunity

Answer 8

Conferred by administration of antibodies to combat infection

Ex. Covid patients getting antibodies from other people who had covid to help fight it.

Question 9

Natural passive immunity

Answer 9

Conferred by transfer of maternal antibodies across the placenta

Ex breast milk!! (The only way to get natural passive immunity)

Question 10

What is a vital resource to immunity?

Answer 10

NUTRITION!!

Question 11

What will nutrition help?

Answer 11

Innate immunity (natural)
Anti inflammation
Anti aging (foods high in collagen)
Anti cancer

Question 12

What your immunity should look like if you are healthy

Answer 12

Normal WBC- our blood count look like the way they should
Negative bacterial and viral cultures
Soft, non tender lymph nodes
Recognition of self
Recognition of foreign proteins

Question 13

Psychological, social and environmental

Answer 13

Patients who are isolated, financial stresses,mistreatment (are they being deprived of food), hospitalization, change in life style

Question 14

Oral and dental disorders

Answer 14

Poorly fitted dentures, mouth dryness, poor dental status, taste disorders, oral mucosa disorders

Question 15

Swallowing disorders

Answer 15

Dysphagia

Question 16

Psychiatric disorders

Answer 16

Eating disorders, depressive disorders

Question 17

Changes in mental status

Answer 17

Confusion

Question 18

Other neurological disorders

Answer 18

Stroke

Question 19

Long term drug therapy/ poly medication

Answer 19

Loss of apetite, dry mouth, drowsiness

Question 20

Acute/chronic diseases

Answer 20

Pain, constipation, disability

Question 21

Dependency of ADLS

Answer 21

Need assistance with cooking, eating, mobility

Question 22

Restrictive diets

Answer 22

Physician order diets or slimming diet

Question 23

Why do you have to be careful when it comes to slimming diets?

Answer 23

We have to learn to balance out everything because our bodies need carbs

Question 24

What happens when you are strict about what you eat?

Answer 24

It can cause immunodeficiency disorders

Question 25

Antigens

Answer 25

Proteins that induce an immune response when they enter the body.

Question 26

Where cab antigens be found?

Answer 26

Microorganisms Vaccines Transplanted organs Allergens (animal dander, pollen, foods)

Question 27

What are some localized signs and symptoms?

Answer 27

Redness Swelling Heat Pain Loss of function

Question 28

What are some Systemic signs and symptoms

Answer 28

Fever Increased white blood cells Malaise Anorexia Nausea/vomiting Lymph node tenderness/enlargements Organ failure

Question 29

Inflammatory response

Answer 29

Inflammation is a non specific response to something that is harmful to the body (infection,injury,allergen) Is not specific!

Question 30

What is the response for chronic inflammation?

Answer 30

Cause of inflammation remains active Tissue destruction continues Scar tissue may continue to form rather than normal functional tissue Response to infections is in adequate Patient experiences chronic symptoms (pain)

Question 31

When does an allergic response happen?

Answer 31

Hypersensitive immune reaction to a substance that normally is harmless or would not cause an immune response in everyone

Question 32

What kind of allergic response can happen?

Answer 32

Mild Life threatening

Question 33

What is released during an allergic response?

Answer 33

Histamine.

Question 34

What does the body produce during an allergic response?

Answer 34

Antibody to the substance to try to fight it off

Question 35

What does the histamine cause in our bodies?

Answer 35

It can cause us to feel stuffy like seasonal allergies

Question 36

What are factors that can increase host susceptibility to infection?

Answer 36

Developmental Breaks in the first line of defense Illness or injury/chronic disease Smoking Substance abuse Multiple sex partners Environmental factors Invasive procedures Suppressed immune system medications

Question 37

Why does our developmental status increase host susceptibility to infection?

Answer 37

Very young- not a mature immune system , infants can’t have honey And the very old(chronic diseases, frail teeth)

Question 38

What kind of breaks in the first line of defense can occur?

Answer 38

If there is a cut or open in the skin it is an opening for bacteria to come in

Question 39

What are some examples of the first line of defense?

Answer 39

Skin, oral mucosa, vaginal cavity, anal cavity

Question 40

If we have chronic diseases

Answer 40

We are more than likely to have a poor immune response Like heart failure

Question 41

Why does smoking increase host susceptibility to infection?

Answer 41

There are a lot of carcinogens in nicotine and introducing that into lungs and it can create an environment for things to grow

Question 42

Malnutrition

Answer 42

Infections are frequent and chronic in malnutrition Protien- energy malnutrition results in thymus changes Micronutrients deficiency affects innate and adaptive immune response